TEDARİK ZİNCİRLERİNDE SÜRDÜRÜLEBİLİR RİSK YÖNETİMİ: ÇEVRESEL, SOSYAL VE JEOPOLİTİK RİSKLERİ AZALTMA STRATEJİLERİ

Year 2024, Volume: 19 Issue: 1, 75 - 92, 07.07.2024

Gülçin Kazan Tuğçe Uzun Kocamış

https://doi.org/10.54860/beyder.1482356

Abstract

Küresel tedarik zincirleri daha karmaşık ve birbirine bağlı hale geldikçe, işletmeler geleneksel operasyonel ve finansal kaygıların ötesine geçen, giderek artan farklı risklerle karşı karşıya kalmaktadır. Çevresel zorluklar, sosyal dinamikler ve jeopolitik belirsizlikler, tedarik zinciri esnekliğini ve uzun vadeli sürdürülebilirliği etkileyen kritik faktörlerdir. Bu bağlamda Tedarik Zincirlerinde Sürdürülebilir Risk Yönetimi kavramı kritik bir stratejik gereklilik olarak ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu proaktif yaklaşım, çevresel, sosyal ve jeopolitik risklerin kapsamlı bir şekilde ele alınmasını sağlamak için risklerin tanımlanmasını ve değerlendirilmesini ve sürece sürdürülebilirlik ilkelerinin entegre edilmesini içerir. Çevresel belirsizlikler ve sosyal sorumluluklardan jeopolitik istikrarsızlığa kadar, modern tedarik zincirlerinde risklerin sürdürülebilir yönetimini yönlendiren zorluklar bu içerikte sunulmakta ve stratejiler açıklanmaktadır. Çalışma kapsamında, sürdürülebilir risk yönetiminin geleceğini şekillendiren yeni stratejiler ve teknolojiler de ele alınmıştır. Gelişmiş veri analitiği, blockchain teknolojisi, döngüsel ekonomi entegrasyonu ve sorumlu inovasyon, tedarik zincirlerindeki risklerin tahmin edilmesinde ve azaltılmasında temel itici güçler olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Bu çalışmada ayrıca, sürdürülebilirliği risk yönetimi stratejilerine entegre etmenin önemini vurgulamakta ve gerçek dünya uygulamalarından örnekler sunmaktadır.

Keywords

Tedarik Zinciri Yönetimi, Sürdürülebilirlik, Sürdürülebilir Risk Yönetimi

References

• Adesanya, A., Yang, B., Iqda, F., ve Yang, Y. (2020). Improving sustainability performance through supplier relationship management in the tobacco industry. Supply Chain Management, 25(4), 413-426. doi:https://doi.org/10.1108/SCM-01-2018
• Althaqafi, T. (2024). Assessing the Evolving Role of Geopolitical Risks in Supply Chain Logistics: An Empirical Analysis of Risk Management Strategies. International Journal of Computing and Digital Systems, 16(1), 1-14.
• Aman, S., Seuring, S., ve Khalid, R. (2023). Sustainability performance measurement in risk and uncertainty management: An analysis of base of the pyramid supply chain literature. Business Strategy and the Environment, 32(4), 2373-2398.
• Apple. (2023). People and Environment in Our Supply Chain. Retrieved from https://www.apple.com/ supplier-responsibility/pdf/Apple_SR_2023_Progress_Report.pdf
• Bednarski, L., Roscoe, S., Blome, C., ve Schleper, M. C. (2024). Geopolitical disruptions in global supply chains: a state-of-the-art literature review. Production Planning ve Control, 1-27.
• Blackhurst, J., Scheibe, K., ve Johnson, D. (2008). Supplier risk assessment and monitoring for the automotive industry. International Journal of Physical Distribution and Logistics Management, 143-165.
• Blessley, M., ve Mudambi, S. M. (2022). A trade war and a pandemic: Disruption and resilience in the food bank supply chain. Industrial Marketing Management, 58-73.
• Carr, D. (2019). The Effectiveness of Collaboration Within Supply Chain Management: A Case Study of Adidas Group. CMC Senior Theses. Retrieved from https://scholarship.claremont.edu/ cmc_theses/2078
• Carter, C., ve Rogers, D. (2008). A framework of sustainable supply chain management: Moving toward new theory. International journal of physical distribution ve logistics management, 38(5), 360-387. doi:https://doi.org/10.1108/09600030810882816
• Diabat, A., Govindan, K., ve Panicker, V. (2012). Supply Chain Risk Management and Its Mitigation in A Food Industry. International Journal of Production Research, 3039-3050.
• Erdal, H. (2017). Tedarik Zinciri Ağında Riskin Yönetimi: Tedarik Yönlü Bir Karar Destek Sistemi Tasarımı. (Doctoral dissertation, Ataturk University) Retrieved from https://tez.yok.gov.tr/ UlusalTezMerkezi/tezDetay.jsp?id=YaSdk26X883ShdqF8_vOGwveno=PxgJ1aTtd3TDQG9P4Q2pxg
• Erdal, H. (2018). Kavramsal çerçeve ve tedarik yönlü bir literatür araştırması. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Muhasebe Bilim Dergisi, 764-796.
• Fernando, Y., Walters, T., Ismail, M., Seo, Y., ve Kaimasu, M. (2018). Managing project success using project risk and green supply chain management: A survey of automotive industry. International Journal of Managing Projects in Business, 11(2), 332-365. doi: https://doi.org/10.1108/IJMPB-01-2017-0007
• Finch, P. (2004). Supply chain risk management. Supply Chain Management: An International Journal, 183-196.
• Freise, M., ve Seuring, S. (2015). Social and environmental risk management in supply chains: a survey in the clothing industry. Logistics Research, 1-12.
• Gaudenzi, B., ve Borghesi, A. (2006). Managing risks in the supply chain using the AHP method. The International Journal of Logistics Management, 114-136.
• Gemechu, E., Sonnemann, G., ve Young, S. B. (2017). Geopolitical-related supply risk assessment as a complement to environmental impact assessment: the case of electric vehicles. The international Journal of life cycle assessment, 31-39. Ghande, A., Dani, S., ve Kalawsky, R. (2012). Supply chain risk management: present and future scope. The International Journal of Logistics Management, 313-339.
• Hald, K., Wiik, S., ve Larssen, A. (2021). Sustainable procurement initiatives and their risk-related costs: a framework and a case study application. Measuring Business Excellence, 25(2), 230-243. doi:https://doi.org/10.1108/MBE-04-2020-0052
• Han, X. (2022). Analysis and Reflection of IKEA’s Supply Chain Management. 2022 4th International Conference on Economic Management and Cultural Industry (ICEMCI 2022). Atlantis Press.
• Ho, W., Zheng, T., Yıldız, H., ve Talluri, S. (2015). Supply Chain Risk Management: A Literature Review. International Journal of Production Research, 53(16), 1-56. doi:10.1080 /00207543. 2015. 1030467
• Holzmann, R., ve Jørgensen, S. (2001). Social risk management: A new conceptual framework for social protection, and beyond. International Tax and Public Finance, 8, 529-556.
• Hout, T. (2022). 12. The US–China trade war of 2018‒2020: origins and consequences. Research Handbook on Trade Wars, 231.
• Hussain, M., Awasthi, A., ve Tiwari, M. (2016). Interpretive structural modeling-analytic network process integrated framework for evaluating sustainable supply chain management alternatives. Applied Mathematical Modelling, 3671-3687.
• Ivanov, D., Dolgui, A., ve Sokolov, B. (2019). The impact of digital technology and Industry 4.0 on the ripple effect and supply chain risk analytics. International Journal of Production Research, 57(3), 829-846. doi:10.1080/00207543.2018.1488086
• Jamalnia, A., Gong, Y., ve Govindan, K. (2023). A decision support system for selection and risk management of sustainability governance approaches in multi-tier supply chain. International Journal of Production Economics, 264. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2023.108960
• Jarkko Leppälä, E. M. (2011). Farm Risk Management Applied to Sustainability of the Food Supply Chain: A Case Study of Sustainability Risks in Dairy Farming. Environmental Management Accounting and Supply Chain Management, 27. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1390-1_5
• Jiang, S., Yang, C., Guo, Y., ve Jiao, X. (2021). Integrated Horticultural Practices for Improving Apple Supply Chain Sustainability: A Case Study in the North China Plain. Agronomy.
• Jüttner, U., Peck, H., ve Christopher, M. (2003). Supply chain risk management: outlining an agenda for future research. International Journal of Logistics: Research and Applications, 197-210.
• Jüttner, U., ve Ziegenbein, A. (2009). Supply Chain Risk Management for Small and Medium-Sized Businesses. Supply Chain Risk. Springer, USA.
• Gopalakrishnan, K., Yusuf, Y. Y., Musa, A., Abubakar, T., ve Ambursa, H. M. (2012). Sustainable supply chain management: A case study of British Aerospace (BAe) Systems. International Journal of Production Economics, 140(1), 193-203.
• Laurin, F., ve Fantazy, K. (2017). Sustainable supply chain management: a case study at IKEA. Transnational Corporations Review, 309-318.
• Lin, Y., ve Zhou, L. (2011). The impacts of product design changes on supply chain risk: a case study. International Journal of Physical Distribution ve Logistics Management, 41(2), 162-186. doi:https://doi.org/10.1108/09600031111118549
• Magableh, G. M. (2021). Supply chains and the COVID‐19 pandemic: A comprehensive framework. European Management Review, 363-382.
• Merna, A., ve Smith, N. (1999). Privately financed infrastructure in the 21st century. Civil Engineering, 166-173.
• Nisar, Q., Haider, S., Ameer, I., Hussa, M., Gill, S., ve Usam, A. (2022). Sustainable supply chain management performance in post COVID-19 era in an emerging economy: a big data perspective. International Journal of Emerging Markets. doi:https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOEM-12-2021-1807
• Özdemir, D., Sharma, M., Dhir, A., ve Daim, T. (2022). Supply chain resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic. Technology in Society.
• Öztek, G., ve Kabak, M. (2022). A Multi-Criteria Approach to Sustainable Risk Management of Supplier Portfolio: A Case Study at Defense Industry. Gazi University Journal of Science, 35(4), 1054-1519. doi:10.35378/gujs.883894 T2
• Park, C.-Y., Petri, P. A., ve Plummer, M. G. (2021). The economics of conflict and cooperation in the Asia-pacific: RCEP, CPTPP and the US-China trade war. East Asain Economic Review, 233-272.
• Razak, G. M., Hendry, L. C., ve Stevenson, M. (2021). Supply chain traceability: a review of the benefits and its relationship with supply chain resilience. Production Planning ve Control, 1114-1134.
• Rebs, T. (2018). Quantitative Modeling of Sustainability in Interorganizational Supply Chains. M. Brandenburg, H. Gerd J., ve R. Tobias, Social and Environmental Dimensions of Organizations and Supply Chains: Tradeoffs and Synergies. Cham: Springer. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-59587-0_8
• Reshad, A., Biswas, T., ve Agarwal, R. (2023). Evaluating barriers and strategies to sustainable supply chain risk management in the context of an emerging economy. Business Strategy and the Environment, 1-20. doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.3367
• Samir, Y., Sood, K., ve Grima, S. (2023). Blockchain-Augmented Digital Supply Chain Management: A Way to Sustainable Business. Journal of Risk and Financial Management, 16, 1-7. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/jrfm16010007
• Sánchez-Flores, R., Cruz-Sotelo, S., Ojeda-Benitez, S., ve Ramírez-Barreto, M. (2022). Sustainable Supply Chain Management—A Literature Review on Emerging Economies. Sustainability, 12(17). doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/su12176972
• Sarkis, J. (2020). Supply chain sustainability: learning from the COVID-19 pandemic. International Journal of Operations ve Production Management, 63-73.
• Satariano, A., ve Burrows, P. (2011). Apple’s supply-chain secret? Hoard lasers. Bloomberg Businessweek, 50-54.
• Schuessler, E., Frenkel, S. J., ve Wright, C. F. (2019). Governance of labor standards in Australian and German garment supply chains: The impact of Rana Plaza. ILR Review, 552-579.
• Seuring, S., ve Beske, P. (2014). Putting sustainability into supply chain management. Supply Chain Management, 19(3), 322-331. doi:https://doi.org/10.1108/SCM-12-2013-0432
• Sharfman, M. P., ve Fernando, C. S. (2008). Environmental risk management and the cost of capital. Strategic management journal, 29(6), 569-592.
• Sheffi, Y. (2001). Supply chain management under the threat of international terrorism. The International Journal of Logistics Management, 1-11.
• Shekarian, E., Ijadi, B., Zare, A., ve Majava, J. (2022). Sustainable Supply Chain Management: A Comprehensive Systematic Review of Industrial Practices. Sustainability, 14(13).
• Tang, C. (2006). Robust strategies for mitigating supply chain disruptions. International Journal of Logistics: Research and Applications, 33-45.
• Teh, R., Keck, A., Nee, C., ve Escaith, H. (2011). Retrieved from https://cepr.org/voxeu. https://cepr.org/voxeu/columns/japans-earthquake-and-tsunami-international-trade-and-global-supply-chain-impacts
• Trkman, P., ve McCormack, K. (2009). Supply chain risk in turbulent environments-a conceptual model for managing supply chain network risk. International Journal of Production Economics, 247-258.
• Wright, C. F. (2016). Leveraging Reputational Risk: Sustainable Sourcing Campaigns for Improving Labour Standards in Production Networks. J Bus Ethics (137), 195-210. doi:https:// doi.org/10.1007/ s10551-015-2552-1
• https://about.ikea.com/en/sustainability/a-world-without-waste https://report.adidas-group.com/2020/en/group-management-report-ourcompany/sustainability/supply-chain.html https://www.adidas-group.com/en/sustainability/social-impacts/supply-chain/ https://dfreight.org/blog/an-insight-into-nestle-supply-chain-strategy/ https://www.nestle.com/sustainability/sustainablesourcing/cocoa#:~:text=The%20Nestl%C3%A9%20Cocoa%20Plan%2C%20along,Nestl%C3%A9%20Cocoa%20Plan%20by%202025. https://studycorgi.com/unilever-groups-supply-chain-and-management/ https://www.theguardian.com/cities/2015/apr/23/rana-plaza-factory-collapse-history-cities-50-buildings https://www.unilever.com/:https://www.unilever.com/files/8c652127-8ea5-4db0-bedb-f03a37637285/unilever-s-supply-chain.pdf