Artuk bin Ekseb'den Selahaddin Eyyubi dönemine kadar Mardin'de Dini Hayat

Year 2020, Volume: 20 Issue: 3, 487 - 504, 31.12.2020

Hasan Alhattaf

https://doi.org/10.31456/beytulmakdis.810789

Abstract

Artuk bin Ekseb'den Selahaddin Eyyubi dönemine kadar Mardin'de Dini Hayat

Keywords

Mardin, Hıristiyanlar, Dini hayat, Artuklular, Selahaddin

الحياة الدينية في مدينة ماردين التُّركية: من أُرتُق بن أكْسب إلى عهد صلاح الدين الأيوبي (484-589هـ/1091-1194م)

Abstract

تم التعرَّيف في هذا البحث بمدينة ماردين وبأبرز رجالات الدّولة الأُرتُقية وأنشطتهم الدينية والسياسية ومواقفهم من الصليبيين. وتمّ التركيز على الحياة الدينية للنصارى مُبيِّنا أبرز طوائفهم، ورجالاتهم، وأماكن عبادتهم ومنزلتهم عند الأُرتُقية. كان المذهب السني الأشعري والماتريدي هو السائد في ماردين وماجاورها وقد تربّى السلطان صلاح الدين الأيوبي على العقيدة الأشعرية وصار يُحفِّظها صغار أولاده. لم تكن ماردين بعيدة عن التأثير الباطني الإسماعيلي بحكم وجود الباطنية في إيران في بلاد فارس والشيعة الحمدانية في حلب، ولكن لم يكن لهم التأثير الكبير على الحياة الدينية. كان للأراتقة دور كبير في الوقوف ضد الصليبيين لكن لم يكن الأمر كافيا لردعهم، وهذا ما يُفسِّر لنا بسط السلطان صلاح الدين الأيوبي نفوذه على ماردين وما جاورها لتوحيد هذه المناطق للانطلاق نحو تحرير بيت المقدس.

Keywords

صلاح الدين, الأراتقة, الحياة الدينية, النصارى, ماردين

Religious Life in Turkish Mardin, from Artuq Bey to the reign of Salah al-Din (484-589 AH/ 1091-1194 CE)

Abstract

This paper introduces the city of Mardin and the most influential leaders of the Artuqid dynasty, their religious and political activities, as well as their stance against the Crusaders. The paper focuses on the Christian religious life, specifically Christianity, showing their most distinguished Christian sects, leaders, places of worship, and their status among the Artuqids. As for the Muslims, the Matruridi Ash'ari Sunni doctrine was the prevailing doctrine in Mardin and the area around it. Salah al-Din himself was brought up by the Ash'ari doctrine which he taught to his young sons. Mardin was not far from the Ismaili Batiniyya influence because of their presence in Iran and Persia, and also the Hamdanid Shia of Aleppo, but they did not have a great influence on the religious life in Mardin. The Artuqids had a great role in facing the Crusaders, but this was not enough to deter them, and this explains why Salah al-Din extended his influence on Mardin and its environs to unify these areas towards the liberation of Bayt al-Maqdis. 

Keywords

Mardin, Christians, Religious life, Artuqids, Salah al-Din

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