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Juglans regia kernel meal; a prospective nutraceutical feed supplement

Year 2022, Volume: 31 Issue: 2, 87 - 94, 31.12.2022
https://doi.org/10.38042/biotechstudies.1222785

Abstract

This study aims to characterize the proximate composition, antioxidant activity, phytochemical profile, anti-diabetic, and anti-inflammatory properties of Juglans regia kernel meal (JKM). The examination of the proximate composition reveals that JKM contains moisture (7.74%), ash (4.46%), crude fat (31.26%), crude fiber (8.41%), crude protein (8.99%) and nitrogen-free extract (39.14%). The analysis of JKM for antioxidant properties shows lipid peroxidation inhibition (63.78%), ferric ion reducing antioxidant power (103.44 mg/g), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl hydrate (57.91%), and vitamin C (152.87 mg/g). The phytochemical compositional analysis shows that JKM has alkaloids (12.08 %), saponins (43.49 mg/g), steroids (4.84 mg/g), flavonoids (14.74 mg/g), tannins (1.69 mg/g) and phenol (35.93 mg/g). The JKM also demonstrated alpha-amylase inhibition and alpha-glucosidase inhibition activities of 61.06% and 67.76%, respectively; while 62.71% and 79.17% were reported for the albumin denaturation inhibition and antiproteinase activity of JKM, respectively. JKM dietary supplementation may enhance the animals' welfare. It is advised to employ it in an animal model, though.

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References

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  • Khattak, K. F., & Rahman, T. R. (2015). Effect of geographical distributions on the nutrient composition, phytochemical profile and antioxidant activity of Morus nigra. Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Science, 28(5), 1671-1678.
  • Kiskini, A., Vissers, A., Vincken, J. P., Gruppen, H., & Wierenga, P. A. (2016). Effect of Plant Age on the Quantity and Quality of Proteins Extracted from Sugar Beet (Beta vulgaris L.) Leaves. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 64(44), 8305-8314. https://doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b03095
  • Kumar, S., Narwal, S., Kumar, V., & Prakash, O. (2011). α-glucosidase inhibitors from plants: A natural approach to treat diabetes. Pharmacognosy Reviews, 5(9),19-29. https://doi.org/10.4103/0973-7847.79096
  • Lim, Y. Y., Lim, T. T, & Tee, J. J. (2007). Antioxidant properties of several tropical fruits: A comparative study, Food Chemistry, 103(3), 1003-1008. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2006.08.038
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  • Oloruntola, O. D., & Ayodele, S. O. (2022). Phytochemical, proximate and mineral composition, antioxidant and antidiabetic properties evaluation and comparison of mistletoe leaves from moringa and kolanut trees. Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology, 10(8), 1524-1531. https://doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v10i8.1524-1531.5134
  • Osman, N. I. Sidik, N. J., Awal, A., Adam, N. A. & Rezali, N. I. (2016). In vitro xanthine oxidase and albumin denaturation inhibition assay of Barringtonia racemosa L. and total phenolic content analysis for potential anti-inflammatory use in gouty arthritis. Journal of Intercultural Ethnopharmacology, 5(4), 343-349. https://doi.org/10.5455/jice.20160731025522
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Year 2022, Volume: 31 Issue: 2, 87 - 94, 31.12.2022
https://doi.org/10.38042/biotechstudies.1222785

Abstract

Project Number

-

References

  • Adeniyi, S. A., Orjiekwe, C. L., & Ehiagbonare, J. E. (2009). Determination of alkaloids and oxalates in some selected food samples in Nigeria. African Journal of Biotechnology, 8(1),110-112.
  • Adeyeye, S. A., Oloruntola, O. D., Ayodele, S. O., Falowo, A. B., & Agbede, J. O. (2020). Wild sunflower and goat weed composite-mix supplementation in broiler chicken: effects on performance, health status and meat. Acta Fytotechnica et Zootechnica, 23(4), 205-212. http://dx.doi.org/10.15414/afz.2020.23.04.205-212
  • Agbafor, K. N., & Nwachukwu, N. (2011). Phytochemical Analysis and Antioxidant Property of Leaf Extracts of Vitex doniana and Mucuna pruriens, Biochemistry Research International, 1-4. https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/459839
  • Aiyeloja, A. A. & Bello, O. A. (2006). Ethnobotanical potentials of common herbs in Nigeria: A case study of Enugu State, Educational Research and Review, 1(1), 16–22. http://www.academicjournals.org/ERR
  • Alagawany, M., Elnesr, S. S., Farag, M. R., Abd El-Hack, M. E., Barkat, R. A., Gabr, A. A., Foda, M. A., Noreldin, A. E., Khafaga, A. F., El-Sabrout, K., Elwan, H. A. M., Tiwari, R., Yatoo, M. I, Michalak I, Cerbo A. D., & Dhama, K. (2021). Potential role of important nutraceuticals in poultry performance and health - A comprehensive review, Research in Veterinary Science, 137(2021), 9-29, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rvsc.2021.04.009
  • Anwar. S., Almatroudi, A., Allemailem, K. S., Joseph, R. J., Khan, A. A., & Rahmani, A. H. (2020). protective effects of ginger extract against glycation and oxidative stress-induced health complications: an in vitro study. Processes, 8, 448-468. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr8040468
  • AOAC. (2010). Official Methods of Analysis of Association of Offical Analytical Chemists. 18th Edition, Washington DC.
  • Aryapak, S., & Ziarati, P. (2014). Nutritive value of Persian walnut (Juglans regia L.) Orchards. American-Eurasian Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Science, 14(11), 1228-1235. https://doi.org/ 10.5829/idosi.aejaes.2014.14.11.12438
  • Bajpai, V. K., Park Y., & Agrawal, P. (2015). Studies on phytochemical analysis, antioxidant and lipid peroxidation inhibitory effects of a medicinal plants, Coleus forskohlii. Frontiers in Life Science, 8(2), 139-147. https://doi.org/10.1080/21553769.2014.998777
  • Benderitter, M., Maupoli, V., Vergely, C., Dalloz, F., Briot, F., & Rochette, L. (1998). Studies by electron paramagnetic resonance of the importance of iron in the hydroxyl scavenging properties of ascorbic acid in plasma: Effects of iron chelators. Fundamental Clinical Pharmacology, 12(5),510-516. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1472-8206.1998.tb00979.x
  • Benzie, I. F., & Strain, J. J. (1996). The ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) as measurement of “antioxidant power” The FRAP assay. Analytical Biochemistry, 239, 70-76. https://doi.org/10.1006/abio.1996.0292
  • Biswas, A., Dey, S., Li, D., Yiu, L., Zhang, J., Huang, S., Pan, G., & Deng, Y. (2020). Comparison of Phytochemical Profile, Mineral Content, and in Vitro Antioxidant Activities of Corchorus capsularis and Corchorus olitorius Leaf Extracts from Different Populations. Journal of Food Quality, 2020, 2020(9). https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/2931097
  • Boulfia, M., Lamchouri, F., & Toufik, H. (2021). Mineral analysis, in vitro evaluation of alpha-amylase, alpha-glucosidase, and beta-galactosidase inhibition, and antibacterial activities of Juglans regia L. bark extracts, BioMed Research International, 2021,1-14. https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/1585692
  • Dej-adisai, S., & Pitakbut, T. (2015). Determination of α-glucosidase inhibitory activity from selected Fabaceae plants. Pakistan Journal of Pharmacological Science, 28(5), 1679-1683. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26408887
  • Derosa, G., & Maffioli, P. (2012). α-Glucosidase inhibitors and their use in clinical practice. Archives of Medical Science, 8(5), 899-906. https://doi.org/10.5114/aoms.2012.31621
  • Gong, L., Feng, D., Wang, T., Ren, Y., Liu, Y., & Wang, J. (2020). Inhibitors of α-amylase and α-glucosidase: Potential linkage for whole cereal foods on prevention of hyperglycemia. Food Science & Nutrition, 8(12),6320-6337. https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.1987
  • Gulati, O. P., Ottaway, P. B., & Coppens, P. (2014). Chapter 14 - Botanical Nutraceuticals, (Food Supplements, Fortified and Functional Foods) in the European Union with Main Focus on Nutrition and Health Claims Regulation, Editor(s): Debasis Bagchi, In Food Science and Technology, Nutraceutical and Functional Food Regulations in the United States and Around the World (Second Edition), Academic Press, Pp. 221-256, https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-405870-5.00014-1
  • Gupta, R. C. (2016). Nutraceuticals: efficacy, safety and toxicity. In: Gupta RC (ed) Academic Press/Elsevier, Amsterdam, p 1022. https://doi.org/10.1016/C2014-0-01870-9
  • He, J., Wu, Z. Y., Zhang, S., Zhou, Y., Zhao, F., Peng, Z. Q., Hu, Z. W. (2014). Optimisation of microwave‐assisted extraction of tea saponin and its application on cleaning of historic silks. Journal of Surfactants and Detergents, 17(5), 919-928. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11743-013-1523-8
  • Iqbal, S., & Bhanger, M. (2006). Effect of season and production location on antioxidant activity of Moringa oleifera leaves grown in Pakistan. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 19, 544–551. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfca.2005.05.001
  • Janick, J. & Paul, R. E. (2008). The encyclopedia of fruits and nuts, Cab International England, Oxfordshire. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9780851996387.0000
  • Kabiri, G., Bouda, S., Elhansali, M., & Haddioui, A. (2019). Biochemical characterization and antioxidant activity of walnut kernel (Juglans regia L.) of accessions from Middle and High Atlas in Morocco. Acta Scientiarum. Biological Sciences, 41, e46411. https://doi.org/10.4025/actascibiolsci.v41i1.46411
  • Khattak, K. F., & Rahman, T. R. (2015). Effect of geographical distributions on the nutrient composition, phytochemical profile and antioxidant activity of Morus nigra. Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Science, 28(5), 1671-1678.
  • Kiskini, A., Vissers, A., Vincken, J. P., Gruppen, H., & Wierenga, P. A. (2016). Effect of Plant Age on the Quantity and Quality of Proteins Extracted from Sugar Beet (Beta vulgaris L.) Leaves. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 64(44), 8305-8314. https://doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b03095
  • Kumar, S., Narwal, S., Kumar, V., & Prakash, O. (2011). α-glucosidase inhibitors from plants: A natural approach to treat diabetes. Pharmacognosy Reviews, 5(9),19-29. https://doi.org/10.4103/0973-7847.79096
  • Lim, Y. Y., Lim, T. T, & Tee, J. J. (2007). Antioxidant properties of several tropical fruits: A comparative study, Food Chemistry, 103(3), 1003-1008. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2006.08.038
  • Macakova, K., Afonso, R., Saso, L. & Mladenka, P. (2019). The influence of alkaloids on oxidative stress and related signaling pathways. Free Radical Biology and Medicine, 134,429-444. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.01.026
  • Madhu, M., Sailaja, V., Satyadev, T. N. V. S. S., & Satyanarayana, M. V. (2016). Quantitative phytochemical analysis of selected medicinal plant species by using various organic solvent. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 5(2), 25-29. https://www.phytojournal.com/archives/2016/vol5issue2/PartA/5-1-31.pdf
  • Martinez, M. L., & Maestri, D. (2008). Oil chemical variation in walnut (Juglans regia L.) genotypes grown in Argentina. European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology, 110, 1183–1189. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejlt.200800121
  • Mo, R., Zheng, Y., Ni, Z., Shen, D & Liu, Y. (2022). The phytochemical components of walnuts and their application for geographical origin based on chemical markers. Food Quality and Safety. 6(1), fyac052, https://doi.org/10.1093/fqsafe/fyac052
  • Niki, E., & Noguchi, N. (2000). Evaluation of antioxidant capacity. What capacity is being measured by which method? IUBMB Life, 50(2000), 323–329. https://doi.org/10.1080/713803736
  • Niki, E., Yoshida, Y., Saito, Y., & Noguchi, N. (2005). Lipid peroxidation: Mechanisms, inhibition, and biological effects. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 338(1), 668-676. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.08.072
  • Nwachoko, N. & Jack, I. R. (2015). ‘Phytochemical screening and anti-diarrhea activities of Tetracarpidium conophorum induced in albino rats’, Sky Journal of Biochemistry Research, 4(4), 21–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.33545/26174693.2022.v6.i2b.139
  • Nwauzoma, A. B., & Dappa, M. S. (2013). ‘Ethnobotanicals studies of Port Harcourt metropolis, Nigeria’, ISRN Botany 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/829424
  • Oloruntola, O. D. (2021). Proximate, phytochemical, mineral composition and antioxidant activity of Anacardium occidentale L. leaf powder. DYSONA - Life Science, 2 (2021),39-49. https://doi.org/10.30493/DLS.2021.290718
  • Oloruntola, O. D., & Ayodele, S. O. (2022). Phytochemical, proximate and mineral composition, antioxidant and antidiabetic properties evaluation and comparison of mistletoe leaves from moringa and kolanut trees. Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology, 10(8), 1524-1531. https://doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v10i8.1524-1531.5134
  • Osman, N. I. Sidik, N. J., Awal, A., Adam, N. A. & Rezali, N. I. (2016). In vitro xanthine oxidase and albumin denaturation inhibition assay of Barringtonia racemosa L. and total phenolic content analysis for potential anti-inflammatory use in gouty arthritis. Journal of Intercultural Ethnopharmacology, 5(4), 343-349. https://doi.org/10.5455/jice.20160731025522
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  • Osum, F. I., Okonkwo, T. M., & Okafor, G. I. (2013). Effect of processing methods on the chemical composition of Vitex doniana leaf and leaf products. Food Science and Nutrition, 1(3), 241-245. https://doi: 10.1002/fsn3.31
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Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Chemical Engineering, Food Engineering, Veterinary Surgery
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Olugbenga David Oloruntola 0000-0002-2175-1490

Project Number -
Early Pub Date December 29, 2022
Publication Date December 31, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 31 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Oloruntola, O. D. (2022). Juglans regia kernel meal; a prospective nutraceutical feed supplement. Biotech Studies, 31(2), 87-94. https://doi.org/10.38042/biotechstudies.1222785


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