Abstract
It is important to determine the sediment amount transported at streams for calculation of dead storage of dams safely. The average sediment amount is determined by measuring the sediment at certain cross-section of stream. The sediment data recorded at neighbor basins has been used for prediction of sediment amount at un-gauged basins. It is proposed that the hydrological homogenous regions should be used for this aim. In this study, Kmeans method, called non-hierarchical clustering method, was used for defining of hydrological homogenous sub-regions and classification of sediment amount and concentration recorded at Turkey basins. The K-means clustering method, which is the simplest and commonly used clustering method, divides a data set into clusters by minimizing the sum of the Euclidean distance between each feature vector and its closest cluster center. The annual sediment amount and concentration records and longitude, latitude and altitude values obtained of stations operated by the General Directorate of Electrical Power Resources Survey and Development Administration (EIE) throughout Turkey were considered for clustering analysis. The number of clusters was determined as 6
References
- Mosley M.P. 1981. Delimitation of New Zealand Hydrologic Regions, Journal of Hydrology, 49: 173–192.
- Acreman M.C., Sinclair C. D. 1986. Classification of Drainage Basins According to Their Physical Characteristics, An Application for Flood Frequency Analysis in Scotland. Journal of Hydrology, 84(3-4): 365-380.
- Burn D.H. 1989. Cluster Analysis as Applied to Regional Flood Frequency, Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management, 115: 567–582.
- Burn D. H. 1997. Catchment Similarity for Regional Flood Frequency Analysis using Seasonality Measures. Journal of Hydrology, 202: 212–230.
- Lecce S.A. 2000. Spatial Variations in the Timing of Annual Floods in the Southeastern United States, Journal of Hydrology, 235: 151–169.
- Burn D.H., Goel N.K. 2000. The Formation of Groups for Regional Flood Frequency Analysis. Hydrological Sciences Journal, 45(1): 97–112.
- Burn D. H., Zrinji Z., Kowalchulk M. 1997. Regionalization of Catchments for Regional Flood Frequency Analysis. Journal of Hydrologic Engineering, 2(2): 76–82.
- Guttman N.B. 1993. The use of L-Moments in the Determination of Regional Precipitation Climates. Journal of Climate, 6: 2309–2325.
- Soltani S., Modarres R. 2006. Classification of Spatio-Temporal Pattern of Rainfall in Iran Using A Hierarchical and Divisive Cluster Analysis, Journal of Spatial Hydrology, 6(2): 1-12.
- Demirel M.C. 2004. Cluster Analysis of Streamflow Data over Turkey. İstanbul Technical University,Master of Science Thesis, 119p., İstanbul.
- Turan A. 2005. Türkiye Akarsu Verimlerinin Küme Analizi ile Sınıflandırılması. Sakarya Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, 155s., Sakarya.
- Kahya E., Demirel M.C., Piechota T.C. 2007. Spatial Grouping of Annual Streamflow Patterns in Turkey. Hydrology Days, 169-176.
- Demirel M.C., Mariano A.J., Kahya E. 2007. Performing K-Means Analysis to Drought Principal Components of Turkish Rivers. Hydrology days, 145-151.
- Isik S., Singh V.P. 2009. Hydrologic Regionalization of Watersheds in Turkey. Journal of Hydrologic Engineering, 13(9): 824-834.
- Yonarlar, A. 2006. Türkiye Akarsu Sediment Verimlerinin Küme Analizi Yöntemi ile Sınıflandırılması. Sakarya Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, 118s, Sakarya.
- Lin G-F., Chen L-H. 2006. Identification of Homogeneous Regions for Regional Frequency Analysis using the Self-Organizing Map. Journal of Hydrology, 324, 1-9.
- Rao A., Srivinas V.V. 2006. Regionalization of Watersheds by Fuzzy Cluster Analysis, Journal of Hydrology, 318, 57-79.
- Hall M.J., Minns A.W. 1999. The Classification of Hydrologically Homogeneous Regions, Hydrological Sciences Journal, 44(5): 693–704.
- Cannarozzo M., Noto L.V., Viola, F., La Loggia, G., 2009. Annual Runoff Regional Frequency Analysis in Sicily, Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, 34: 679–687.
- Lim Y.H., Voeller D.L. 2009. Regional Flood Estimations in Red River using L-Moment-Based Index-Flood and Bulletin 17B Procedures, Journal of Hydrologic Engineering, 14(9): 1002-1016.
Hiyerarşik Olmayan Kümeleme Yöntemi ile Türkiye Akarsularındaki Askı Maddesi Konsantrasyonu ve Miktarının Sınıflandırılması
Abstract
Barajlarda ölü hacimlerinin güvenilir şekilde hesaplanması için akarsularda taşınan katı madde miktarının belirlenmesi oldukça önemlidir. Akarsuların belli kesitlerinde yapılan sediment ölçümleri ile ortalama sediment miktarları belirlenmektedir. Gözlem değeri olmayan ya da eksik olan havzalarda ise genellikle komşu havzalarda yapılan ölçümlerden faydalanılmaktadır. Ancak bunun için hidrolojik olarak homojen yapıya sahip bölgelerin kullanılması önerilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, K-Ortalamalar yöntemi ile Türkiye akarsularında taşınan askı madde konsantrasyonunun ve miktarının sınıflandırılması ve homojen bölgelerin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. En basit ve en çok uygulanan kümeleme yöntemi olan K-Ortalamalar yöntemi; her bir özellik vektörü ile ona en yakın merkez arasındaki Öklid mesafesinin toplamını en küçükleyerek veri setini kümelere ayırmaktadır. Kümeleme analizi için Türkiye genelinde Elektrik İşleri Etüt İdaresi (EİE) tarafından işletilen katı madde gözlem istasyonlarından alınan askı maddesi, drenaj alanı, enlem ve boylam gibi veriler dikkate alınmıştır. Kümeleme analizi sonunda küme sayısı 5 olarak belirlenmiştir.
References
- Mosley M.P. 1981. Delimitation of New Zealand Hydrologic Regions, Journal of Hydrology, 49: 173–192.
- Acreman M.C., Sinclair C. D. 1986. Classification of Drainage Basins According to Their Physical Characteristics, An Application for Flood Frequency Analysis in Scotland. Journal of Hydrology, 84(3-4): 365-380.
- Burn D.H. 1989. Cluster Analysis as Applied to Regional Flood Frequency, Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management, 115: 567–582.
- Burn D. H. 1997. Catchment Similarity for Regional Flood Frequency Analysis using Seasonality Measures. Journal of Hydrology, 202: 212–230.
- Lecce S.A. 2000. Spatial Variations in the Timing of Annual Floods in the Southeastern United States, Journal of Hydrology, 235: 151–169.
- Burn D.H., Goel N.K. 2000. The Formation of Groups for Regional Flood Frequency Analysis. Hydrological Sciences Journal, 45(1): 97–112.
- Burn D. H., Zrinji Z., Kowalchulk M. 1997. Regionalization of Catchments for Regional Flood Frequency Analysis. Journal of Hydrologic Engineering, 2(2): 76–82.
- Guttman N.B. 1993. The use of L-Moments in the Determination of Regional Precipitation Climates. Journal of Climate, 6: 2309–2325.
- Soltani S., Modarres R. 2006. Classification of Spatio-Temporal Pattern of Rainfall in Iran Using A Hierarchical and Divisive Cluster Analysis, Journal of Spatial Hydrology, 6(2): 1-12.
- Demirel M.C. 2004. Cluster Analysis of Streamflow Data over Turkey. İstanbul Technical University,Master of Science Thesis, 119p., İstanbul.
- Turan A. 2005. Türkiye Akarsu Verimlerinin Küme Analizi ile Sınıflandırılması. Sakarya Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, 155s., Sakarya.
- Kahya E., Demirel M.C., Piechota T.C. 2007. Spatial Grouping of Annual Streamflow Patterns in Turkey. Hydrology Days, 169-176.
- Demirel M.C., Mariano A.J., Kahya E. 2007. Performing K-Means Analysis to Drought Principal Components of Turkish Rivers. Hydrology days, 145-151.
- Isik S., Singh V.P. 2009. Hydrologic Regionalization of Watersheds in Turkey. Journal of Hydrologic Engineering, 13(9): 824-834.
- Yonarlar, A. 2006. Türkiye Akarsu Sediment Verimlerinin Küme Analizi Yöntemi ile Sınıflandırılması. Sakarya Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, 118s, Sakarya.
- Lin G-F., Chen L-H. 2006. Identification of Homogeneous Regions for Regional Frequency Analysis using the Self-Organizing Map. Journal of Hydrology, 324, 1-9.
- Rao A., Srivinas V.V. 2006. Regionalization of Watersheds by Fuzzy Cluster Analysis, Journal of Hydrology, 318, 57-79.
- Hall M.J., Minns A.W. 1999. The Classification of Hydrologically Homogeneous Regions, Hydrological Sciences Journal, 44(5): 693–704.
- Cannarozzo M., Noto L.V., Viola, F., La Loggia, G., 2009. Annual Runoff Regional Frequency Analysis in Sicily, Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, 34: 679–687.
- Lim Y.H., Voeller D.L. 2009. Regional Flood Estimations in Red River using L-Moment-Based Index-Flood and Bulletin 17B Procedures, Journal of Hydrologic Engineering, 14(9): 1002-1016.
Details
| Primary Language | Turkish |
|---|---|
| Journal Section | Articles |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | June 1, 2013 |
| Submission Date | January 5, 2015 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2013 Volume: 2 Issue: 1 |