Effect of geothermal water composition and pretreatment on the product water for boron-sensitive crops

Year 2021, Volume: 6 Issue: 3, 316 - 325, 30.09.2021

Enver Güler

https://doi.org/10.30728/boron.843259

Abstract

The membrane filtration is an effective way to produce water for human consumption, industrial use, or irrigation purpose. In this study, the potential of a brackish water reverse osmosis (BWRO) membrane was practically investigated to obtain water with irrigation quality from geothermal water. The quality of the produced water was analyzed to understand the applicability of water in the agricultural use for boron-sensitive crops. The effects of the feed solution composition and pretreatment by microfiltration were studied. Results showed that the ionic content was effective in reduction of permeate flux. However, the rejections of salt and silica did not change significantly by the change in the feed water composition and they were successfully removed from the geothermal water by more than 95% rejection. Pretreatment of the geothermal water with a microfiltration (MF) membrane having a pore-size of 0.8 µm provided higher flux than the one having a pore size of 5 µm. The higher rejections of boron were only achieved with increased pH in the pretreatment. The pH of 9.5 in the geothermal water provided a rejection of boron as 75% with a permeate boron concentration of 2.4 mg/L when 15 bar of operating pressure was employed. This level of boron concentration in the irrigation water was found to be allowable only for some boron resistant and semi-sensitive crops.

Keywords

boron, boron-sensitive crops, geothermal water, irrigation water, membrane filtration

Thanks

The author is grateful to Prof.Dr. Nalan Kabay, Ege University for her valuable help to use the laboratory facilities and run the membrane tests. Furthermore, the author would like to acknowledge Izmir Geothermal Energy Co. for providing geothermal water samples.

Besleme suyu bileşiminin ve ön arıtmanın bora duyarlı mahsuller için sulama suyuna etkisi

Abstract

Beşeri tüketim, endüstriyel kullanım veya sulama suyu eldesinde membran filtrasyon etkili bir yöntemdir. Bu çalışmada, jeotermal sudan sulama kalitesinde su elde etmek için acı su ters ozmoz membranının kullanılma potansiyeli irdelenmiştir. Bora duyarlı mahsullerin tarımsal sulanmasına uygunluğunu belirlemek amacıyla üretilen suyun kalitesi analiz edilmiştir. Bu çalışmada, besleme suyu bileşiminin ve mikrofiltrasyon ile ön arıtmanın etkileri incelenmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar, iyonik içeriğin süzüntü akısının azalmasında etkili olduğunu göstermiştir. Bununla birlikte, tuz ve silikanın alıkonulma oranı, besleme suyu bileşimindeki değişim ile önemli ölçüde değişmemiş ve jeotermal sudan % 95'in üzerinde bir giderim oranına ulaşılmıştır. Jeotermal suyun 0,8 µm gözenek boyutuna sahip bir mikrofiltrasyon membranı ile ön arıtılması, 5 µm gözenek boyutuna sahip olandan daha yüksek akı sağlamıştır. Yüksek seviyelerde bor giderimi ancak ön işlemde arttırılan pH ile elde edilebilmiştir. Jeotermal sudaki 9,5 pH seviyesi, 15 bar çalışma basıncı, 2,4 mg/L süzüntü bor derişimi ile % 75 oranında bor giderimini sağlamıştır. Sulama suyundaki bu bor derişiminin sadece bazı mahsuller için kullanılacak sulama suyunda uygun olduğu görülmüştür.

Keywords

bor, bora duyarlı mahsuller, jeotermal su, sulama suyu, membran filtrasyon

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