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ENDOMETRİAL KANSER SAPTANAN OLGULARDA OPERASYON SONUÇLARININ VE BAZI PROGNOSTİK FAKTÖRLERİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ

Year 2015, Volume: 5 Issue: 1, 18 - 24, 27.02.2015

Abstract

ÖZET
Amaç: Endometriyum kanseri dünyada kadınlar arasında dördüncü sırada görülmekte, jinekolojik kan-
serlerin ise yaklaşık yarısını oluşturmaktadır. Amacımız kliniğimizdeki endometriyum kanserli olguların
cerrahi tedavi sonuçları ve prognozlarını paylaşmaktır.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: 2010- 2013 yılları arasında endometrium kanseri tanısı alıp opere edilen 42
hastanın  dosyaları  retrospektif  olarak  incelenip,  hastaların  klinik  özellikleri,  operasyon  tipleri,  his-
topatolojik özellikleri ve prognostik faktörleri ile ilgili sonuçlar değerlendirilmiştir. Serviks kanserinden
ayrımı yapılamayan olgular veya tip 3 histerektomi yapılmak zorunda kalınan olgular çalışmaya dahil
edilmemiştir.
Bulgular: American Joint Committee on Cancer’in belirlediği sınıflama sistemine göre 29 hasta (% 69)
evre 1, 5 hasta evre 2 (% 12), 4 hasta evre 3 (% 9) ve 4 hasta (% 10) evre 4 olarak bulunmuştur. Evre 1’de
bulunan hastaların yaklaşık yarısında n=14 (% 48,2) tümör endometriumda sınırlı, myometrial invazyon
< ½ veya grade 1 olarak rapor edilmiş ve total abdominal histerektomi ve bilateral salpingo-ooforektomi
uygulanmıştır. Kalan hastalara TAH+BSO ilave olarak pelvik paraaortik lenf nodu diseksiyonu (PPLND),
omentektomi ve appendektomi ilave edilmiştir. PPLND uygulanan 28 hastada ortalama olarak 41,14
lenf nodu çıkarılmıştır. Hastalardan 14’ünde (% 33,3) lenfovasküler stromal invazyon (LVSI) bulunmuştur.
TAH+BSO yapılan olguların birinde yara yeri enfeksiyonu ve evisserasyon; lenf nodu diseksiyonu eklenen
hastaların üçünde yara yeri enfeksiyonu, birinde atelektazi, birinde üreter yaralanması ve bir tanesinde
pulmoner emboli gelişmiştir. Hastaların yaş dağılımı incelendiğinde erken evredeki hastaların yaşlarının
daha düşük olduğu buna karşın evre ilerledikçe yaş dağılımının arttığı bulunmuştur.
Sonuç: Endometrial kanserli olgular, diğer jinekolojik kanserlere göre daha erken bulgu vermesi sebe-
biyle erken evrelerde yakalanabilmektedir. Hastaların evresi ve genel durumuna göre tedavi şekilleri
değişmesine rağmen cerrahi standart bir tedavi olmuştur.
Anahtar kelimeler: Endometriyum kanseri; Prognoz; Cerrahi tedavi

ABSTRACT
Purpose: Endometrial cancer is the fourth leading cancer among women in the world and consists of
nearly half of all gynecological cancers. Our aim was to report surgical results and prognosis of endome-
trial cancer diagnosed in our clinic.
Methods: Fourty two endometrial cancer patients diagnosed and treated surgically between 2010 and
2013 were analyzed retrospectively. Clinical and surgical data of the patients, histopathological and
prognostic parameters related to outcomes were evaluated. The patients undergone type 3 hysterec-
tomy or the patients who couldn’t be differentially diagnosed from cervical cancer were excluded.
Results: According to the American Joint Committee on Cancer classification, 29 patients (69%) were
found to have in stage 1, 5 patients in stage 2 (12%), 4 patients in stage 3 (9%) and 4 patients (10%) in
stage 4 respectively. Approximately half of the patients (n = 14) (48.2%) in stage 1 had endometrially
limited tumor with myometrial invasion of <1/2, or grade 1 tumor and all were undergone TAH+BSO.
The rest of patients in stage 1 were additionally undergone pelvic para-aortic lymph node dissection
(PPLND), omentectomy and appendectomy. Mean number of removed lymph nodes 41.14. Stromal
lymphovascular invasion (LVS) were found in 14 patients (33.3%). Wound infection and evisceration was
developed in one patient. Three wound infection, one atelectasis, one ureter injury and one pulmonary
embolism were developed in patients with PPLND. Age of patients in the earlier stages was lower. The
age distribution of patients was found to increase with increase in the stage of the tumor.
Conclusion: Endometrial cancers can be diagnosed in earlier stages Due to early clinic symptoms com-
pared to other gynecological cancers. Although the treatment modalities can change in accordance with
stage of tumor and patients’ health status, surgery appears as the standard treatment modality.
Key words: Endometrial cancer; Prognosis; Operative therapy

References

  • Greenlee RT, Murray T, Bolden S. Cancer statistic; 2000. CA Cancer J Clin. 2000;50(1):7-33.
  • Atasü T, Şahmay S. Jinekoloji (Kadın Hastalıkları). In: Atasü T, Şahmay S, eds. 2. Baskı. İstanbul: Nobel Tıp Kitapevi. 2001:299-314.
  • Bokhman JV. Two pathogenetic types of endometrial carcinoma. Gynecol Onco1. 1983;15(1):10-7.
  • Lurain JR, Rice BL, Rademaker AW. Prognostic factors associated with recurrence in clinical stage 1 adenocarcinoma of the endometrium. Obstet Gynecol. 1991;78(1):63-9.
  • Kurman RJ, Zaino RJ, Norris HJ. Endometrial carcinoma. In: Kurman RJ, ed. Blaustein’s Pathology of the Female Genital Tract. New York: Springer-Verlag. 1994:439-86.
  • Creasman W. Revised FIGO staging for carcinoma of the endometrium. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2009;105(2):109.
  • Guyatt GH, Akl EA, Crowther M. Executive summary: Antithrombotic Therapy and Prevention of Thrombosis, 9th ed: American College of Chest Physicians Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines. Chest. 2012;141(1):7-47.
  • Prevention of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. ACOG Practice Bulletin No. 84. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Obstet Gynecol. 2007;110(2):429-40.
  • American Joint Committee on Cancer. Corpus Uteri. In Edge S, Byrd DR, Compton CC, Fritz AG, Greene FL, Trotti A, (eds). AJCC Staging Manual, 7th. edition. New York. Springer. 2010. p. 403.
  • Çiçek MN, Akyürek C, Çelik Ç, Haberal A. Korpus Uterinin Premalign ve Malign Hastalıkları. In: Özgünen T, ed. Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum Bilgisi. Ankara. 2. Baskı. Güneş Kitapevi. 2004. p. 1179-205.
  • Kars B, Ünal Ö, Kalender HS. Endometrial Kanser Operasyon Sonuçlarının ve Bazı Prognostik Faktörlerin Değerlendirilmesi Türk Jinekolojik Onkoloji Dergisi. 2010;13(2):36-42.
  • Kösebay D, Beşe T, Erkün E. Endometrium kanserinde sağ kalım ve hastalıksız yaşam süresine etki eden prognostik faktörlerin değerlendirilmesi. Türkiye Klinikleri Jinekoloji ve Obstetrik Dergisi. 1996;6(4):259-69.
  • Chi DS, Barakat RR, Palayekar MJ. The incidence of pelvic lymph node metastasis by FIGO staging for patients with adequately surgically staged endometrial adenocarcinoma of endometrioid histology. Int J Gynecol Cancer. 2008;18(2):269-73.
  • Creasman WT, Morrow CP, Bundy BN. Surgical pathologic spread patterns of endometrial cancer: a Gynecologic Oncology Group study. Cancer 1987;60(8):2035-41.
  • Frumovitz M, Singh DK, Meyer L. Predictors of final histology in patients with endometrial cancer. Gynecol Oncol. 2004;95(3):463–8.
  • Mohan DS, Samuels MA, Selim MA. Long-term outcomes of therapeutic pelvic lymphadenectomy for stage I endometrial adenocarcinoma. Gynecol Oncol. 1998;70(2):165-71.
  • Doğan NU, Güngör T, Özgü E. Erken Evre Endometrium Kanserinde Lenfadenektominin Yeri. Türk Jinekolojik Onkoloji Dergisi. 2008;3(1):53-8.
  • Chan JK, Wu H, Cheung MK. The outcomes of 27063 women with unstaged endometrioid uterine cancer. Gynecol Oncol. 2007;106(2):282–8.
  • Ayhan A, Kart C, Guven S. The role of reoperation in the management of endometrial carcinoma found in simple hysterectomy. J Surg Oncol. 2006;93(5):373-8.
  • Euscher ED, Bassett R, Malpica A. Lymph node counts in endometrial cancer: expectations versus reality. Am J Surg Pathol. 2011;35(6):913-8.
  • Kadar N, Malfetano JH, Homesley HD. Determinants of survival of surgically staged patients with endometrial carci- noma histologically confined to the uterus: Implications for therapy. Obstet Gynecol. 1992; 80(4):655-9.
  • Mäkinen J, Johansson J, Tomas C. Morbidity of 10110 hysterectomies by type of approach. Hum Reprod. 2001;16(7):1473-8.
  • Härkki-Siren P, Sjöberg J, Kurki T. Major complicaıtions of laparoscopy: a follow-up Finnish study. Obstetrics and Gynecology. 1999;94(1):94-8.
  • Wattiez A, Soriano D, Cohen SB. The learning curve of to- tal laparoscopic hysterectomy: comparative analysis of 1647 cases. J Am Assoc Gynecol Laparosc. 2002;9(3):339-45.
  • Karacan T, Usta TA, Naki MM. Kliniğimizde Yapılan Yüz Kırk Yedi Total Laparoskopik Olgunun Analizi. İKSST Dergisi. 2014;6(1):6-13.
Year 2015, Volume: 5 Issue: 1, 18 - 24, 27.02.2015

Abstract

Purpose: Endometrial cancer is the fourth leading cancer among women in the world and consists of nearly half of all gyneco logical cancers. Our aim was to report surgical results and prognosis of endometrial cancer diagnosed in our clinic.Methods: Fourty two endometrial cancer patients diagnosed and treated surgically between 2010 and 2013 were analyzed retrospectively. Clinical and surgical data of the patients, histopathological and prognostic parameters related to outcomes were evaluated. The patients undergone type 3 hysterectomy or the patients who couldn’t be differentially diagnosed from cervical cancer were excluded.Results: According to the American Joint Committee on Cancer classification, 29 patients (69%) were found to have in stage 1, 5 patients in stage 2 (12%), 4 patients in stage 3 (9%) and 4 patients (10%) in stage 4 respectively. Approximately half of the patients (n = 14) (48.2%) in stage 1 had endometrially limited tumor with myometrial invasion of <1/2, or grade 1 tumor and all were undergone TAH+BSO. The rest of patients in stage 1 were additionally undergone pelvic para-aortic lymph node dissection (PPLND), omentec tomy and appendectomy. Mean number of removed lymph nodes 41.14. Stromal lymphovascular invasion (LVS) were found in 14 patients (33.3%). Wound infec tion and evisceration was developed in one patient. Three wound infection, one atelectasis, one ureter injury and one pulmonary embolism were developed in patients with PPLND. Age of patients in the earlier stages was lower. The age distribution of patients was found to increase with increase in the stage of the tumor.Conclusion: Endometrial cancers can be diagnosed in earlier stages Due to early clinic symptoms compared to other gynecological cancers. Al though the treatment modalities can change in accordance with stage of tumor and patients’ health status, surgery appears as the standard treatment modality

References

  • Greenlee RT, Murray T, Bolden S. Cancer statistic; 2000. CA Cancer J Clin. 2000;50(1):7-33.
  • Atasü T, Şahmay S. Jinekoloji (Kadın Hastalıkları). In: Atasü T, Şahmay S, eds. 2. Baskı. İstanbul: Nobel Tıp Kitapevi. 2001:299-314.
  • Bokhman JV. Two pathogenetic types of endometrial carcinoma. Gynecol Onco1. 1983;15(1):10-7.
  • Lurain JR, Rice BL, Rademaker AW. Prognostic factors associated with recurrence in clinical stage 1 adenocarcinoma of the endometrium. Obstet Gynecol. 1991;78(1):63-9.
  • Kurman RJ, Zaino RJ, Norris HJ. Endometrial carcinoma. In: Kurman RJ, ed. Blaustein’s Pathology of the Female Genital Tract. New York: Springer-Verlag. 1994:439-86.
  • Creasman W. Revised FIGO staging for carcinoma of the endometrium. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2009;105(2):109.
  • Guyatt GH, Akl EA, Crowther M. Executive summary: Antithrombotic Therapy and Prevention of Thrombosis, 9th ed: American College of Chest Physicians Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines. Chest. 2012;141(1):7-47.
  • Prevention of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. ACOG Practice Bulletin No. 84. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Obstet Gynecol. 2007;110(2):429-40.
  • American Joint Committee on Cancer. Corpus Uteri. In Edge S, Byrd DR, Compton CC, Fritz AG, Greene FL, Trotti A, (eds). AJCC Staging Manual, 7th. edition. New York. Springer. 2010. p. 403.
  • Çiçek MN, Akyürek C, Çelik Ç, Haberal A. Korpus Uterinin Premalign ve Malign Hastalıkları. In: Özgünen T, ed. Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum Bilgisi. Ankara. 2. Baskı. Güneş Kitapevi. 2004. p. 1179-205.
  • Kars B, Ünal Ö, Kalender HS. Endometrial Kanser Operasyon Sonuçlarının ve Bazı Prognostik Faktörlerin Değerlendirilmesi Türk Jinekolojik Onkoloji Dergisi. 2010;13(2):36-42.
  • Kösebay D, Beşe T, Erkün E. Endometrium kanserinde sağ kalım ve hastalıksız yaşam süresine etki eden prognostik faktörlerin değerlendirilmesi. Türkiye Klinikleri Jinekoloji ve Obstetrik Dergisi. 1996;6(4):259-69.
  • Chi DS, Barakat RR, Palayekar MJ. The incidence of pelvic lymph node metastasis by FIGO staging for patients with adequately surgically staged endometrial adenocarcinoma of endometrioid histology. Int J Gynecol Cancer. 2008;18(2):269-73.
  • Creasman WT, Morrow CP, Bundy BN. Surgical pathologic spread patterns of endometrial cancer: a Gynecologic Oncology Group study. Cancer 1987;60(8):2035-41.
  • Frumovitz M, Singh DK, Meyer L. Predictors of final histology in patients with endometrial cancer. Gynecol Oncol. 2004;95(3):463–8.
  • Mohan DS, Samuels MA, Selim MA. Long-term outcomes of therapeutic pelvic lymphadenectomy for stage I endometrial adenocarcinoma. Gynecol Oncol. 1998;70(2):165-71.
  • Doğan NU, Güngör T, Özgü E. Erken Evre Endometrium Kanserinde Lenfadenektominin Yeri. Türk Jinekolojik Onkoloji Dergisi. 2008;3(1):53-8.
  • Chan JK, Wu H, Cheung MK. The outcomes of 27063 women with unstaged endometrioid uterine cancer. Gynecol Oncol. 2007;106(2):282–8.
  • Ayhan A, Kart C, Guven S. The role of reoperation in the management of endometrial carcinoma found in simple hysterectomy. J Surg Oncol. 2006;93(5):373-8.
  • Euscher ED, Bassett R, Malpica A. Lymph node counts in endometrial cancer: expectations versus reality. Am J Surg Pathol. 2011;35(6):913-8.
  • Kadar N, Malfetano JH, Homesley HD. Determinants of survival of surgically staged patients with endometrial carci- noma histologically confined to the uterus: Implications for therapy. Obstet Gynecol. 1992; 80(4):655-9.
  • Mäkinen J, Johansson J, Tomas C. Morbidity of 10110 hysterectomies by type of approach. Hum Reprod. 2001;16(7):1473-8.
  • Härkki-Siren P, Sjöberg J, Kurki T. Major complicaıtions of laparoscopy: a follow-up Finnish study. Obstetrics and Gynecology. 1999;94(1):94-8.
  • Wattiez A, Soriano D, Cohen SB. The learning curve of to- tal laparoscopic hysterectomy: comparative analysis of 1647 cases. J Am Assoc Gynecol Laparosc. 2002;9(3):339-45.
  • Karacan T, Usta TA, Naki MM. Kliniğimizde Yapılan Yüz Kırk Yedi Total Laparoskopik Olgunun Analizi. İKSST Dergisi. 2014;6(1):6-13.
There are 25 citations in total.

Details

Journal Section Original Research
Authors

Gökhan Açmaz This is me

Hüseyin Aksoy This is me

Başak Cıngıllıoğlu This is me

Yusuf Madendağ This is me

Ülkü Aksoy This is me

Sezin Özyurt This is me

Gülsüm Uysal This is me

Publication Date February 27, 2015
Published in Issue Year 2015 Volume: 5 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Açmaz, G., Aksoy, H., Cıngıllıoğlu, B., Madendağ, Y., et al. (2015). ENDOMETRİAL KANSER SAPTANAN OLGULARDA OPERASYON SONUÇLARININ VE BAZI PROGNOSTİK FAKTÖRLERİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ. Bozok Tıp Dergisi, 5(1), 18-24.
AMA Açmaz G, Aksoy H, Cıngıllıoğlu B, Madendağ Y, Aksoy Ü, Özyurt S, Uysal G. ENDOMETRİAL KANSER SAPTANAN OLGULARDA OPERASYON SONUÇLARININ VE BAZI PROGNOSTİK FAKTÖRLERİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ. Bozok Tıp Dergisi. February 2015;5(1):18-24.
Chicago Açmaz, Gökhan, Hüseyin Aksoy, Başak Cıngıllıoğlu, Yusuf Madendağ, Ülkü Aksoy, Sezin Özyurt, and Gülsüm Uysal. “ENDOMETRİAL KANSER SAPTANAN OLGULARDA OPERASYON SONUÇLARININ VE BAZI PROGNOSTİK FAKTÖRLERİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ”. Bozok Tıp Dergisi 5, no. 1 (February 2015): 18-24.
EndNote Açmaz G, Aksoy H, Cıngıllıoğlu B, Madendağ Y, Aksoy Ü, Özyurt S, Uysal G (February 1, 2015) ENDOMETRİAL KANSER SAPTANAN OLGULARDA OPERASYON SONUÇLARININ VE BAZI PROGNOSTİK FAKTÖRLERİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ. Bozok Tıp Dergisi 5 1 18–24.
IEEE G. Açmaz, “ENDOMETRİAL KANSER SAPTANAN OLGULARDA OPERASYON SONUÇLARININ VE BAZI PROGNOSTİK FAKTÖRLERİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ”, Bozok Tıp Dergisi, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 18–24, 2015.
ISNAD Açmaz, Gökhan et al. “ENDOMETRİAL KANSER SAPTANAN OLGULARDA OPERASYON SONUÇLARININ VE BAZI PROGNOSTİK FAKTÖRLERİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ”. Bozok Tıp Dergisi 5/1 (February 2015), 18-24.
JAMA Açmaz G, Aksoy H, Cıngıllıoğlu B, Madendağ Y, Aksoy Ü, Özyurt S, Uysal G. ENDOMETRİAL KANSER SAPTANAN OLGULARDA OPERASYON SONUÇLARININ VE BAZI PROGNOSTİK FAKTÖRLERİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ. Bozok Tıp Dergisi. 2015;5:18–24.
MLA Açmaz, Gökhan et al. “ENDOMETRİAL KANSER SAPTANAN OLGULARDA OPERASYON SONUÇLARININ VE BAZI PROGNOSTİK FAKTÖRLERİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ”. Bozok Tıp Dergisi, vol. 5, no. 1, 2015, pp. 18-24.
Vancouver Açmaz G, Aksoy H, Cıngıllıoğlu B, Madendağ Y, Aksoy Ü, Özyurt S, Uysal G. ENDOMETRİAL KANSER SAPTANAN OLGULARDA OPERASYON SONUÇLARININ VE BAZI PROGNOSTİK FAKTÖRLERİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ. Bozok Tıp Dergisi. 2015;5(1):18-24.
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