Energy Consumption Forecasting with Artificial Intelligence Models

Year 2025, Volume: 8 Issue: 6, 1780 - 1793, 15.11.2025

İlker Karadağ , Kaan Sağtaş

https://doi.org/10.34248/bsengineering.1758772

Abstract

Artificial intelligence (AI) currently enjoys significant preference and popularity among researchers, representing a highly sought-after research domain. It is envisaged that in the foreseeable future, numerous tasks traditionally executed by humans will be executed with greater efficiency, reliability and cost-effectiveness through the utilization of advanced AI techniques and applications. AI finds extensive application across various domains, including classification, prediction, generation and control. One notable application within the realm of production planning and control is demand forecasting. In this paper, the estimation of electricity energy demand is conducted by leveraging AI models, which involved the evaluation of weather data alongside various parameters. For this real-life application, a dataset sourced from Spain, obtained from an open data-sharing platform, is utilized as the primary input. Throughout the study, AI models such as Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), LightGBM and transformers are deployed to generate predictions. The findings generally indicated that all models demonstrated efficacy in predicting both increasing and decreasing values. Nonetheless, the LightGBM AI model emerged as the most competent demand forecasting model, boasting a Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) value of 8.76%.

Keywords

Energy consumption estimation , Artificial intelligence , AI model , LightGBM

Ethical Statement

Ethics committee approval was not required for this study because there was no study on animals or humans.

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