<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.4 20241031//EN"
        "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/1.4/JATS-journalpublishing1-4.dtd">
<article  article-type="research-article"        dtd-version="1.4">
            <front>

                <journal-meta>
                                    <journal-id></journal-id>
            <journal-title-group>
                                                                                    <journal-title>Bingöl Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi</journal-title>
            </journal-title-group>
                            <issn pub-type="ppub">1309-6672</issn>
                                        <issn pub-type="epub">2618-6322</issn>
                                                                                            <publisher>
                    <publisher-name>Bingol University</publisher-name>
                </publisher>
                    </journal-meta>
                <article-meta>
                                        <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29029/busbed.1689112</article-id>
                                                                <article-categories>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="en">
                                                            <subject>British and Irish Language, Literature and Culture</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="tr">
                                                            <subject>İngiliz ve İrlanda Dili, Edebiyatı ve Kültürü</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                    </article-categories>
                                                                                                                                                        <title-group>
                                                                                                                        <trans-title-group xml:lang="tr">
                                    <trans-title>GRAHAM GREENE’İN SESSİZ AMERİKALI ADLI ESERİNDE ORYANTALİZM</trans-title>
                                </trans-title-group>
                                                                                                                                                                                                <article-title>ORIENTALIMS IN GRAHAM GREENE’S THE QUIET AMERICAN</article-title>
                                                                                                    </title-group>
            
                                                    <contrib-group content-type="authors">
                                                                        <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6251-9380</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Aybay</surname>
                                    <given-names>Erdem</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>Bitlis Eren üniversitesi</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                                                </contrib-group>
                        
                                        <pub-date pub-type="pub" iso-8601-date="20260428">
                    <day>04</day>
                    <month>28</month>
                    <year>2026</year>
                </pub-date>
                                                    <issue>31</issue>
                                        <fpage>362</fpage>
                                        <lpage>370</lpage>
                        
                        <history>
                                    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="20250501">
                        <day>05</day>
                        <month>01</month>
                        <year>2025</year>
                    </date>
                                                    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="20260426">
                        <day>04</day>
                        <month>26</month>
                        <year>2026</year>
                    </date>
                            </history>
                                        <permissions>
                    <copyright-statement>Copyright © 2011, Bingöl University Journal of Social Sciences Institute</copyright-statement>
                    <copyright-year>2011</copyright-year>
                    <copyright-holder>Bingöl University Journal of Social Sciences Institute</copyright-holder>
                </permissions>
            
                                                                                                <trans-abstract xml:lang="tr">
                            <p>Modern Batı bakış açısına göre dünya yalnızca coğrafi olarak değil, kültürel, ekonomik, politik ve hatta dilbilimsel olarak da ikiye ayrılmış durumdadır. Bu iki farklı alan genellikle Doğu ve Batı olarak adlandırılır. Bu ikilik bağlamında Edward Said, Oryantalizm kavramını ortaya koymuştur. Said, Doğu ile Batı arasındaki farkı yalnızca bir coğrafya meselesi olarak değil, her şeyden önce bu iki bölgedeki insanların dünya görüşleri arasındaki bir karşıtlık olarak kavramsallaştırır. Ayrıca Batı’nın Doğu üzerinde hakimiyet kurma arzusunu vurgulayarak bu ilişkinin özünde dengesiz olduğunu belirtir. Bu durum, Doğu ile Batı arasında temelden eşit olmayan bir ilişkiye yol açmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, 20. yüzyıl İngiliz yazarı Graham Greene’in Sessiz Amerikalı adlı romanında Doğu-Batı ilişkileri temasını incelemektir. Greene’in eseri aşk, kişisel ilişkiler, savaş ve sömürgecilik gibi dinamikleri ele alarak Doğu ile Batı arasındaki etkileşimlerin doğasını ortaya koyar. Bu anlatıdan çıkan temel sonuç, Batı tarafından kurgulanmış bir Doğu imajının varlığıdır ve Edward Said bu imajı Oryantalizm olarak adlandırmaktadır. Graham Greene’in Sessiz Amerikalı adlı eseri, Doğu-Batı ilişkilerinin, çağdaş politik çatışmaların ve oryantalist düşüncenin bir araya geldiği unutulmaz bir edebi eserdir.</p></trans-abstract>
                                                                                                                                    <abstract><p>According to the modern Western perspective, the world is divided into two parts—not only geographically, but also culturally, economically, politically, and even linguistically. These two distinct spheres are commonly referred to as the East and the West. In relation to this dichotomy, Edward Said introduced the concept of Orientalism. Said conceptualizes the differences between East and West not merely as a matter of geography, but primarily as a contrast in worldviews between the people of both regions. Moreover, he emphasizes the West’s desire to dominate the East, reflecting an inherent imbalance of power. This leads to a fundamentally unequal relationship between the two. The study’s objective is to explore the theme of East-West relations in The Quiet American, a novel by twentieth-century British author Graham Greene. Greene’s work portrays the dynamics of love, personal relationships, war, and colonialism, ultimately revealing the nature of interactions between the East and the West. What emerges from this narrative is a critique of the constructed image of the East by the West—an image that Edward Said defines as Orientalism. Graham Greene’s The Quiet American is a memorable literary work that intertwines the themes of East-West relations, contemporary political conflicts, and Orientalism, offering a nuanced depiction of cultural and imperial entanglements.</p></abstract>
                                                            
            
                                                                                        <kwd-group>
                                                    <kwd>Orientalism</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Said</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  East</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Graham Greene</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  The Quiet American</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                            
                                                <kwd-group xml:lang="tr">
                                                    <kwd>Oryantalizm</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Said</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Doğu</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Graham Greene</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Sessiz Amerikalı</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                                                                                                        </article-meta>
    </front>
    <back>
                            <ref-list>
                                    <ref id="ref1">
                        <label>1</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Bhabha, H. K. (1994). The location of culture. Routledge.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref2">
                        <label>2</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Güven, F. (2019). Criticism to Edward W. Said’s Orientalism. RumeliDE Journal of Language and Literature Studies, 15, 418–430. https://doi.org/10.29000/rumelide.580700</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref3">
                        <label>3</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Güven, F. (2024). Liminal margins and the appropriation of the inherited codes and imposed patterns in Abdulrazak Gurnah’s The Last Gift. Journal of Narrative and Language Studies, 12(26), 391–405. https://doi.org/10.59045/nalans.2024.69</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref4">
                        <label>4</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Greene, G. (2004). The quiet American. Penguin Books.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref5">
                        <label>5</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Said, E. W. (2003). Orientalism. Penguin Books.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref6">
                        <label>6</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Yeğenoğlu, M. (1998). Colonial fantasies: Towards a feminist reading of Orientalism. Cambridge University Press.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                            </ref-list>
                    </back>
    </article>
