<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.4 20241031//EN"
        "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/1.4/JATS-journalpublishing1-4.dtd">
<article  article-type="research-article"        dtd-version="1.4">
            <front>

                <journal-meta>
                                                                <journal-id>cujse</journal-id>
            <journal-title-group>
                                                                                    <journal-title>Cankaya University Journal of Science and Engineering</journal-title>
            </journal-title-group>
                                        <issn pub-type="epub">2564-7954</issn>
                                                                                            <publisher>
                    <publisher-name>Cankaya University</publisher-name>
                </publisher>
                    </journal-meta>
                <article-meta>
                                        <article-id/>
                                                                <article-categories>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="en">
                                                            <subject>Engineering</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="tr">
                                                            <subject>Mühendislik</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                    </article-categories>
                                                                                                                                                        <title-group>
                                                                                                                        <article-title>Renal İskemi-Reperfüzyonu Sırasında Sıçan Böbreğinde Oluşan Oksidatif Stres Hasarına Silimarin Etkisi</article-title>
                                                                                                                                        </title-group>
            
                                                    <contrib-group content-type="authors">
                                                                        <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Şentürk</surname>
                                    <given-names>Hakan</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                    <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Kolankaya</surname>
                                    <given-names>Dürdane</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                    <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Şahin</surname>
                                    <given-names>Yalçın</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                                                </contrib-group>
                        
                                        <pub-date pub-type="pub" iso-8601-date="20100201">
                    <day>02</day>
                    <month>01</month>
                    <year>2010</year>
                </pub-date>
                                        <volume>7</volume>
                                        <issue>1</issue>
                                                
                        <history>
                                    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="20100513">
                        <day>05</day>
                        <month>13</month>
                        <year>2010</year>
                    </date>
                                            </history>
                                        <permissions>
                    <copyright-statement>Copyright © 2009, Cankaya University Journal of Science and Engineering</copyright-statement>
                    <copyright-year>2009</copyright-year>
                    <copyright-holder>Cankaya University Journal of Science and Engineering</copyright-holder>
                </permissions>
            
                                                                                                <abstract><p>Renal ischemia reperfusion injury is the most common causes of acute renalfailure. Silybum marianum L. Gaertn. (milk thistle) is a plant which belongs to Asteraceaefamily. Silymarin is a plant derived flavonoid which is extracted from the seeds of the S.marianum L. In this study, we investigated the protective effect of silymarin during theexperimental renal ischemia reperfusion injury in rats histologically and biochemically.</p></abstract>
                                                                                    
            
                                                            <kwd-group>
                                                    <kwd>Ischemia-reperfusion</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  kidney</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  silymarin</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  rat</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                        
                                                                                                                                                    </article-meta>
    </front>
    <back>
                            <ref-list>
                                    <ref id="ref1">
                        <label>1</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">[1] O. Aruoma, H. Kaur, and B. Halliwell, Oxygen free radicals and human diseases, The Journal of the Royal Society for the Promotion of Health 111 (1991), 172–177.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref2">
                        <label>2</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">[2] N. A. Porter, Chemistry of lipid peroxidation, Methods in Enzymology 105 (1984), 273–282.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref3">
                        <label>3</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">[3] P. A. Southorn and G. Powis, Free radicals in medicine. I, Chemical nature and biologic reactions, Mayo Clin. Proc. 63 (1988), 381–389.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref4">
                        <label>4</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">[4] T. Ding, S. Tian, Z. Zhang, D. Gu, Y. Chen, Y. Shi, and Z. Sun, Determination of active component in silymarin by RP-LC and LC/MS, J. Pharmacol. Biomed. Anal. 26 (2001), 155–161.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref5">
                        <label>5</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">[5] C. Nencini, G. Giorgi, and L. Micheli, Protective effect of silymarin on oxidative stress in rat brain, Phytomedicine 14 (2007), 129–135.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref6">
                        <label>6</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">[6] H. De Groot and U. Rauen, Tissue injury by reactive oxigen species and the protective effect of flavanoids, Fundam. Clin. Pharmacol. 12 (1998), 249–255.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref7">
                        <label>7</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">[7] A. Valenzuela, M. Aspillaga, S. Vial, and R. Guerra, Selectivity of silymarin on the increase of the glutathione content in different tissues of the rat, Planta Med. 55 (1989), 420–422.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref8">
                        <label>8</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">[8] J. Zhao, M. Lahiri-Chatterjee, Y. Sharma, and R. Agarwal, Inhibitory effect of a flavonoid antioxidant silymarin on benzoyl peroxide-induced tumor promotion, oxidative stres and inflammatory responses in SENCAR Mouse skin, Carcinogenesis 21 (2000), 811–816.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref9">
                        <label>9</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">[9] E. Bosisio, C. Benelli, and O. Pirola, Effect of flavanoligans of Silybum marianum L. on lipid peroxidation in rat liver microsomes and freshly isolated hepatocytes, Pharmacol. Res. 25 (1992), 147–154.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref10">
                        <label>10</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">[10] V. Kˇren and D. Walterov´a, Silybin and silymarin-new effects and new applications, Biomedical 149 (2005), 29–41.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref11">
                        <label>11</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">[11] J. Sonnenbichler, F. Sacelera, I. Sonnenbichler, and R. Weyhenmeyer, Stimulatory effects of silibinin and silicristin from the milk thistle Silybum marianum on kidney cells, The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics 290 (1999), 1375–1383.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref12">
                        <label>12</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">[12] H. B. Waynforth and P. A. Flecknell, Experimental and surgical technique in the rat, 2 nd ed., Academic Press Limited, London 1994.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref13">
                        <label>13</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">[13] G. S¸ener, E. S¸ener, O. S¸ehirli, A. V. ¨ O˘g¨un¸c, S¸. C¸ etinel, N. Gedik and A. Sakarcan, Ginkgo ¨ biloba extract ameliorates ischemia-reperf¨usion-induced injury in rats, Pharmacological Research 52 (2005), 216–222.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref14">
                        <label>14</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">[14] Y. Kaya, E. Aral, T. Co¸skun, N. Erkasap, and A. Var, Increased intraabdominal pressure impairs liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy in rats, Journal of Surgical Research 108 (2002), 250–257.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref15">
                        <label>15</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">[15] N. Sanz, C. D. Fernandez, L. F. Simon, A. Alvez, and M. Cascalez, Necrogenic and regenerative responses of liver of newly weaned rats against a subnetal dose of thioacetamid, Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 1384 (1998), 66–78.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref16">
                        <label>16</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">[16] G. Aktay, D. Deliorman, E. Ergun, F. Ergun, E. Ye¸silada, and C. C¸ evik, Hepatoprotective effects of Turkish folk remedies on experimental liver injury, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 73 (2000), 121–129.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref17">
                        <label>17</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">[17] K. Fruta, A. Kakita, T. Takahashi, T. Tomiya and K. Fujiwara, Experimental study on liver regeneration after simultenous partial hepatectomy and pancreatectomy, Hepatology Research 17 (2000), 223–236.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref18">
                        <label>18</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">[18] H. Okhawa, N. Ohishi, and K. Yagi, Assay for lipid peroxides by thiobarbituric acid reaction, Anal. Biochem. 95 (1979), 351–358.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref19">
                        <label>19</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">[19] J. Sedlack and H. R. Lindsay, Estimation of total, Protein- Bound and nonprotein sulfhydryl groups in tissue with Ellman’s reagent, Anal. Biocem. 25 (1968), 192–205
.
[20] O .H. Lowry, N. J. Rosebrough, A. L. Farr, and R. J. Randall, Protein Measurementwith the Folin Phenol Reagent, Journal of Biological Chemistry 193 (1951), 265–275.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref20">
                        <label>20</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">[21] E. Beutler, Red cell metabolism, A Manual of Biochemical Methods, 3 rd ed., NY: Grune &amp; Stratton, Inc., New York, 1985.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref21">
                        <label>21</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">[22] C. C. Winterborn, R. E. Hawkins, M. Brain, and R. W. Carrell, The estimation of red cell superoxide dismutase activity, J. Lab. Clin. Med. 85 (1975), 337–341.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref22">
                        <label>22</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">[23] J. M. Thurman, Triggers of inflammation after renal ischemia/reperfusion, Clinical Immunology 123 (2007), 7–13.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref23">
                        <label>23</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">[24] S. Ba¸say, O. Adsan, G. ¨ ˙Inal, ve M. C¸ etinkaya, Verapamil ve alfa-tokoferol¨un rat b¨obre˘gindeki deneysel reperf¨uzyon hasarı ¨uzerine kar¸sıla¸stırmalı etkileri, T¨urk Uroloji Dergisi ¨ 29 (2003),</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref24">
                        <label>24</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">[25] D. K. Das, and N. Maulik, Antioksidant effectiveness in ischemia-reperfusion tissue injury, Methods in Enzymology, 233 (1994), 601–611.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref25">
                        <label>25</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">[26] I. T. Mark and W. B. Weglicki, Antioksidan activity of calcium channel blocking drugs, Methods in Enzymology 234 (1994), 620–630.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref26">
                        <label>26</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">[27] E. L. Da Silva, M. Piskula, and J. Terao, Enhancement of antioxidative ability of rat plasma by oral administration of (-)- epicatechin, Free Radical Biology &amp; Medicine 24 (1998), 1209–1216.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref27">
                        <label>27</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">[28] D. N. Granger, and R. J. Korthuis, Physiological mechanisms of postischemic tissue injury, Annu. Rev. Physiol. 57 (1995), 311–332.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref28">
                        <label>28</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">[29] B. J. Zimmerman, M. B. Grisham, and D. N. Granger, Role of oxidants in ischemia/reperfusion-induced granulocyte infiltration, Am. J. Physiol. 258 (1990), 185–190.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref29">
                        <label>29</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">[30] H. Senturk, S. Kabay, G. Bayramoglu, H. Ozden, F. Yaylak, M. Yucel, E. Gurlek Olgun, and A. Kutlu, Silymarin attenuates the Renal Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury-Induced Morphological Changes in the Rat Kidney, World Journal of Urology 26 (2008), 401–407.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref30">
                        <label>30</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">[31] G. Karimi, M. Ramezani, and Z. Tahoonian, Cisplatin nephrotoxicity and protection by milk thistle extract in rats, Evid. Based Complement. Alternat. Med. 2 (2005), 383–386.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref31">
                        <label>31</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">[32] C. Thiemermann, S. A. Patel, E. O. Kvale, G. W. Cockerill, A. J. Brown, K. N. Stewart, S. Cuzzocrea, D. Britti, and H. Mota-Filipe, P. K. Chatterjee, High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) reduces renal ischemia/reperfusion injury, J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 14 (2003), 1833–1843.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref32">
                        <label>32</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">[33] P. K. Chatterjee, S. Cuzzocrea, P. A. J. Brown, K. Zacharowski, K. N. Stewart, H. Mota-Filipe, and C. Thiemermann, Tempol, a membrane-permeable radical scavenger, reduces oxidant stress-mediated renal dysfunction and injury in the rat, Kidney Int. 58 (2000), 658–673.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref33">
                        <label>33</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">[34] S. Feilleux-Duche, M. Garlatti, M. Aggerbeck, M. Poyard, J. Bouguet, J. Hanoune, and R. Barouki, Cell specific regulation of cytosolic aspartate aminotransferase by glucocorticoids in the rat kidney, Am. J. Physiol. 265 (1993), C1298–C1305.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref34">
                        <label>34</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">[35] O. Kwon, B. A. Molitoris, M. Pescovits, and J. K. Kelly, Urinary actin, interleukin-6, and interleukin-8 may predict sustained arf after ischemic injury in renal allografts, American Journal of Kidney Diseases 41 (2003), 1074–1087.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref35">
                        <label>35</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">[36] C. A. Roncal, W. Mu, B. Croker, S. Reungjui, X. Ouyang, I. Tabah-Fisch, J. R. Johnson, A. A. Ejaz, Effect of elevated serum uric acid on cisplatin-induced acute renal failure, Am. J. Physiol. Renal Physiol. 292 (2006), 116–122.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref36">
                        <label>36</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">[37] J. Kanellis, S. Watanabe, J. H. Li, D. H. Kang, P. Li, T. Nakagawa, A. Wamsley, D. SheikhHamad, H. Y. Lan, L. Feng, and R. J. Johnson, Uric acid stimulates monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 production in vascular smooth muscle cells via mitogen-activated protein kinase and cyclooxygenase- 2, Hypertension 41 (2003), 1287–1293.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref37">
                        <label>37</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">[38] J. M. Mccord and I. Fridovich, The utility of superoxide dismutase in studying free radical reactions. I. Radicals generated by the interaction of sulfite, dimethyl sulfoxide, and oxygen, J. Biol. Chem. 244 (1969), 6056–6063.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref38">
                        <label>38</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">[39] A. Meister and M. E. Anderson, Glutathione, Annu. Rev. Biochem. 52 (1983), 711–760.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref39">
                        <label>39</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">[40] G. F. Gaetani, S. Galiano, L. Canepa, A. M. Ferraris and H. N. Kirkman, Catalase and glutathione peroxidase are equally active in detoxification of hydrogen peroxide in human erythrocytes, Blood 73 (1989), 334–339.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                            </ref-list>
                    </back>
    </article>
