Kaunos Demeter Sanctuary: Terracotta Findings

Year 2019, Volume: 7, 123 - 167, 30.06.2019

Mustafa Bulba

https://doi.org/10.13113/CEDRUS.201906

Abstract

The terracotta figurines unearthed in the Kaunos Demeter Sanctuary are
divided into three main groups as women, men and animals. While these find
groups are in part similar to the find groups in other Demeter Sacred Areas,
are partly different from them. Especially the richness and the number of male
species is remarkable. The finds are dated between the Late Archaic Period and
the Middle Hellenistic Period, and the great density of this finds belongs to
the Hecatom­nids Period. The most of the female figurines are the women who
bearing hydria, and they must be repre­sent­ing the adorants participating in
the ceremonies. Except from this type, bearing pigs and children figures are
other important groups. The standing young people in the male figurines are the
most numerous. In addition, male figu­rines bearing branches, oinochoe and pigs
also reach an important number. The number of lied down or crouch­ed figurines
called Tempelboys is also great. Apart from these, there are also many
different types of women and men heads. The average length of the figu­rines is
14-16 cm and they usually have low quality workmanship. The long lenght and
high quality figu­rines are very few in number. Most of the figures have a
light brown clay and this is their common features. These artefacts, which have
not been analyzed yet, are thought to have been produced in Kaunos. 

Keywords

Caunus, Terracotta, Demeter, Adorant, Cult

Kaunos Demeter Kutsal Alanı: Terakota Buluntular

Abstract

Kaunos
Demeter Kutsal Alanı’nda ele geçen terakota figürinler kadın, erkek ve
hayvanlar olmak üzere üç ana gruba ayrılmaktadırlar. Genel buluntu grupları
olarak kıs­men diğer Demeter Kutsal Alanları’ndaki buluntu kon­teks­leriyle
benzerlik gösterirken kısmen farklı­laş­mak­tadır. Özellikle erkeklere ait
tiplerin zenginliği ve sayıları­nın fazlalığı dikkat çekicidir. Buluntular Geç
Ar­ka­ik Dö­nem ile Orta Hellenistik Dönem arasına tarih­len­diril­mekle birlikte
buluntuların çok büyük yoğunluğu Heka­tomnidler Dönemi’ne aittir. Kadın
figürinleri içeri­sinde hydria taşıyanlar en büyük ağırlığı oluştur­maktadır ve
bunlar kutsal alanda törenlere katılan ado­rantları tem­sil ediyor
olmalıdırlar. Bu tipin dışında do­muz taşıyanlar ile çocuk taşıyanlar önemli
grupları temsil etmektedirler. Erkek figürinlerinde ağırlık ayakta duran çıplak
genç­ler­dedir. Ayrıca elinde dal, oinochoe ve domuz taşıyan er­kek figürinleri
de önemli bir sayıya ulaşmaktadır. Tem­pel­boys olarak adlandırılan uzanmış ya
da çömelmiş de­likanlı figürinlerinin sayısı da yüksek­tir. Bunların dışında
değişik tiplere ait çok sayıda kadın ve erkek başı da mev­cuttur. Figürinlerin
ortalama boyları 14-16 cm olup ge­nellikle düşük kaliteli bir işçiliğe sahip­tirler.
Büyük boya ve yüksek kaliteye sahip figürin sayısı çok düşüktür. De­vetüyü bir hamura sahip olmaları ortak
özellikleridir. He­nüz analiz­leri yapılmayan bu eserlerin Kaunos’da üretilmiş
olduk­ları düşünülmektedir.

Keywords

Kaunos, Terakota, Demeter, Adorant, Kült

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