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Examining The Experiences of Parents During The Pandemic: A Qualitative Study

Year 2022, Volume: 5 Issue: 9, 14 - 31, 30.06.2022
https://doi.org/10.36731/cg.1061800

Abstract

During social-isolation due to the Covid-19 pandemic, parents had to stay with their children at home as they had never experienced before. The present study was carried out to determine the experiences of parents at home with their children during social isolation and the support status of parents. In this context, case study, one of the qualitative research methods, was used in the study. The study group consists of 30 parents with children between the ages of 2-18. Data were collected through an interview form consisting of closed and open-ended questions from the parents. The data obtained using the content analysis method were analyzed via the Maxqda program. When considering the data obtained according to the experiences of parents with their children; It is observed that parents mostly enjoy playing games with their children and then do housework with their children. When parents are asked about a new situation that they started to do with their children during the pandemic, it is seen that the parents mostly started to do housework with their children. This is followed by games/activities they have never played before and preparing meals together in the kitchen. When the parents were asked what the most difficult situations with their children were during the pandemic, it was determined that the difficulties in setting rules and limits on the child, the child's inability to socialize and the child was bored. When parents are asked about their children's feelings about the pandemic, it is seen that children are mostly sad and afraid, according to the parents' report. When asked about the social supports that parents have in their lives, it was determined that the majority of them had social support for their children and related issues, and that they could reach these supports during the pandemic. During the pandemic, it is known that many parents sometimes experience difficulties in spending time at home while discovering new situations for their children. In this context, the existence of social support of parents is considered to be very important.

References

  • Amakiri, P. C., Chude, C. F., Oradiegwu, S. U., Ipsita Pramanik, I., Anoka, C. F. ve Ezeoke, A. Q. (2020). Psychological effect of pandemic COVID-19 on families of health care professionals. British Journal of Psychology Research, 8(2), 1–7.
  • Aydın, A. F. (2020). Post-Truth Dönemde Sosyal Medyada Dezenformasyon: Covid-19 (Yeni Koronavirüs) Pandemi Süreci. Asya Studies, 4(12), 76–90. https://doi.org/10.31455/asya.740420
  • Brooks, S. K., Webster, R. K., Smith, L. E., Woodland, L., Wessely, S., Greenberg, N. ve Rubin, G. J. (2020, March 14). The psychological impact of quarantine and how to reduce it: rapid review of the evidence. The Lancet, Vol. 395, pp. 912–920. Lancet Publishing Group. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30460-8
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş., Kılıç Çakmak, E., Akgün, Ö. E., Karadeniz, Ş. ve Demirel, F. (2020). Eğitimde Bilimsel Araştırma Yöntemleri . Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
  • Cellini, N., Canale, N., Mioni, G. ve Costa, S. (2020). Changes in sleep pattern, sense of time and digital media use during COVID‐19 lockdown in Italy. Journal of Sleep Research, 29(4), e13074.
  • Demirbaş, N. K. ve Koçak, S. S. (2020). 2-6 Yaş Arasında Çocuğu Olan Ebeveynlerin Bakış Açısıyla Covid-19 Salgın Sürecinin Değerlendirilmesi. Avrasya Sosyal ve Ekonomi Araştırmaları Dergisi, 7(6), 328–349.
  • di Giorgio, E., di Riso, D., Mioni, G. ve Cellini, N. (2020). The interplay between mothers’ and children behavioral and psychological factors during COVID-19: an Italian study. European Child ve Adolescent Psychiatry, 1–12.
  • El-Zoghby, S. M., Soltan, E. M. ve Salama, H. M. (2020). Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health and social support among adult Egyptians. Journal of Community Health, 45, 689–695.
  • Erol, M. ve Erol, A. (2020). Koronavirüs Pandemisi Sürecinde Ebeveynleri Gözünden İlkokul Öğrencileri. Milli Eğitim, 49(1), 529–551.
  • Eyimaya, A. O. ve Irmak, A. Y. (2021). Relationship between parenting practices and children’s screen time during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Turkey. Journal of Pediatric Nursing, 56, 24.
  • Guan, H., Okely, A. D., Aguilar-Farias, N., del Pozo Cruz, B., Draper, C. E., el Hamdouchi, A., … Kontsevaya, A. (2020). Promoting healthy movement behaviours among children during the COVID-19 pandemic. The Lancet Child ve Adolescent Health, 4(6), 416–418.
  • Jiao, W. Y., Wang, L. N., Liu, J., Fang, S. F., Jiao, F. Y., Pettoello-Mantovani, M. ve Somekh, E. (2020). Behavioral and emotional disorders in children during the COVID-19 epidemic. The Journal of Pediatrics, 221, 264.
  • Karahan, S., Yıldırım Parlak, Ş., Demiröz, K., Kaya, M. ve Kayhan, N. (2020). Experiences of the Mothers to Cope with the Problem Behaviors of the Children with Special Needs during Coronavirus (COVID-19) Process. Journal of Qualitative Research in Education, 9(25). https://doi.org/10.14689/enad.25.4
  • Lakey, B. ve Orehek, E. (2011). Relational regulation theory: a new approach to explain the link between perceived social support and mental health. Psychological Review, 118(3), 482.
  • Lebow, J. L. (2020). Family in the age of COVID‐19. Family Process, 59(2), 1–4.
  • Liu, J. J., Bao, Y., Huang, X., Shi, J. ve Lu, L. (2020). Mental health considerations for children quarantined because of COVID-19. The Lancet Child ve Adolescent Health, 4(5), 347–349.
  • Liu, Q., Zhou, Y., Xie, X., Xue, Q., Zhu, K., Wan, Z., … Song, R. (2021). The prevalence of behavioral problems among school-aged children in home quarantine during the COVID-19 pandemic in china. Journal of Affective Disorders, 279, 412–416.
  • Mazza, C., Ricci, E., Biondi, S., Colasanti, M., Ferracuti, S., Napoli, C. ve Roma, P. (2020). A nationwide survey of psychological distress among Italian people during the COVID-19 pandemic: immediate psychological responses and associated factors. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(9), 3165.
  • Miho, A. ve Thévenon, O. (2020). Treating all children equally?: Why policies should adapt to evolving family living arrangements.
  • Orgilés, M., Morales, A., Delvecchio, E., Mazzeschi, C. ve Espada, J. P. (2020). Immediate psychological effects of the COVID-19 quarantine in youth from Italy and Spain. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 2986.
  • Özçevik, D. ve Ocakçı, A. F. (2020). COVID-19 ve Ev Hapsindeki Çocuk: Salgının Psikolojik Etkileri ve Hafifletme Yolları. Ankara Sağlık Hizmetleri Dergisi, 19(1), 13–17.
  • Prasso, S. (2020). China’s divorce spike is a warning to rest of locked-down world. Bloomberg Businessweek, 31.
  • Russell, B. S., Hutchison, M., Tambling, R., Tomkunas, A. J. ve Horton, A. L. (2020). Initial challenges of caregiving during COVID-19: Caregiver burden, mental health, and the parent–child relationship. Child Psychiatry ve Human Development, 51(5), 671–682.
  • Sönmez, V. ve A. F. G. (2016). Örneklendirilmiş Bilimsel Araştırma Yöntemleri. Ankara: Anı Yayıncılık.
  • Spinelli, M., Lionetti, F., Pastore, M. ve Fasolo, M. (2020). Parents’ stress and children’s psychological problems in families facing the COVID-19 outbreak in Italy. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 1713.
  • Toran, M., Sak, R., Xu, Y., Şahin-Sak, İ. T. ve Yu, Y. (2020). Parents and children during the COVID-19 quarantine process: Experiences from Turkey and China. Journal of Early Childhood Research.
  • Wang, G., Zhang, Y., Zhao, J., Zhang, J. ve Jiang, F. (2020). Mitigate the effects of home confinement on children during the COVID-19 outbreak. The Lancet, 395(10228), 945–947.
  • Xiang, M., Zhang, Z. ve Kuwahara, K. (2020). Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on children and adolescents’ lifestyle behavior larger than expected. Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases.
  • Zhu, N., Zhang, D., Wang, W., Li, X., Yang, B., Song, J., … Lu, R. (2020). A novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in China, 2019. New England Journal of Medicine.

Ebeveynlerin Pandemi Sürecindeki Deneyimlerinin İncelenmesi: Nitel Bir Çalışma

Year 2022, Volume: 5 Issue: 9, 14 - 31, 30.06.2022
https://doi.org/10.36731/cg.1061800

Abstract

Covid-19 pandemisi nedeniyle yaşanan izolasyon sürecinde ebeveynler çocuklarıyla evde daha önce hiç deneyimlemedikleri bağlamlar içerisinde kalmak durumunda olmuşlardır. Mevcut çalışma ebeveynlerin bu süreçte çocukları ile evde yaşadıkları deneyimleri ve ebeveynlerin sahip oldukları destek durumlarının belirlenmesi amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu kapsamda çalışmada, nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden durum çalışması kullanılmıştır. Çalışma grubunu, 2-18 yaş arası çocuğu olan 30 ebeveyn oluşturmaktadır. Ebeveynlerden kapalı ve açık uçlu sorulardan oluşan bir görüşme formu aracılığıyla veriler toplanmıştır. İçerik analizi yöntemi kullanılarak elde edilen veriler, Maxqda programında analiz edilmiştir. Ebeveynlerin çocukları ile yaşadıkları deneyimlere göre elde edilen verilere bakıldığında; ebeveynlerin en fazla çocuklarıyla oyun oynamaktan keyif aldıkları, daha sonra çocuklarıyla birlikte ev işleri yaptıkları görülmektedir. Ebeveynlere pandemi sürecinde çocuklarıyla yapmaya başladıkları yeni bir durum sorulduğunda ise en fazla ebeveynlerin çocuklarıyla ev işlerini yapmaya başladıkları görülmektedir. Bunun devamında ise daha önce oynamadıkları oyun/etkinlikler ve mutfakta birlikte yemek hazırlamak gelmektedir. Ebeveynlere pandemi sürecinde çocuklarıyla en zorlandıkları durumların ne olduğu sorulduğunda ise çocuğa kural ve sınır koymayla ilgili güçlükler, çocuğun sosyalleşememesi ve çocuğun sıkılması olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ebeveynlere çocuklarının pandemiyle ilgili duyguları sorulduğunda ise ebeveynlerin bildirimine göre çocuklarda en fazla üzülme ve korkma olduğu görülmektedir. Ebeveynlerin hayatlarında sahip olduğu sosyal destekler sorulduğunda ise çoğunluğunun çocukları konusunda ve kendileriyle ilgili konularda sosyal desteklerinin olduğu ve bu desteklere pandemi sürecinde de ulaşabildikleri belirlenmiştir. Pandemi sürecinde birçok ebeveyn çocuklarıyla ilgili yeni durumları keşfederken bazen evde zaman geçiriyor olmaya yönelik güçlük yaşadıkları bilinmektedir. Bu bağlamda ebeveynlerin sahip oldukları sosyal desteklerinin varlığının oldukça önemli düşünülmektedir.

References

  • Amakiri, P. C., Chude, C. F., Oradiegwu, S. U., Ipsita Pramanik, I., Anoka, C. F. ve Ezeoke, A. Q. (2020). Psychological effect of pandemic COVID-19 on families of health care professionals. British Journal of Psychology Research, 8(2), 1–7.
  • Aydın, A. F. (2020). Post-Truth Dönemde Sosyal Medyada Dezenformasyon: Covid-19 (Yeni Koronavirüs) Pandemi Süreci. Asya Studies, 4(12), 76–90. https://doi.org/10.31455/asya.740420
  • Brooks, S. K., Webster, R. K., Smith, L. E., Woodland, L., Wessely, S., Greenberg, N. ve Rubin, G. J. (2020, March 14). The psychological impact of quarantine and how to reduce it: rapid review of the evidence. The Lancet, Vol. 395, pp. 912–920. Lancet Publishing Group. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30460-8
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş., Kılıç Çakmak, E., Akgün, Ö. E., Karadeniz, Ş. ve Demirel, F. (2020). Eğitimde Bilimsel Araştırma Yöntemleri . Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
  • Cellini, N., Canale, N., Mioni, G. ve Costa, S. (2020). Changes in sleep pattern, sense of time and digital media use during COVID‐19 lockdown in Italy. Journal of Sleep Research, 29(4), e13074.
  • Demirbaş, N. K. ve Koçak, S. S. (2020). 2-6 Yaş Arasında Çocuğu Olan Ebeveynlerin Bakış Açısıyla Covid-19 Salgın Sürecinin Değerlendirilmesi. Avrasya Sosyal ve Ekonomi Araştırmaları Dergisi, 7(6), 328–349.
  • di Giorgio, E., di Riso, D., Mioni, G. ve Cellini, N. (2020). The interplay between mothers’ and children behavioral and psychological factors during COVID-19: an Italian study. European Child ve Adolescent Psychiatry, 1–12.
  • El-Zoghby, S. M., Soltan, E. M. ve Salama, H. M. (2020). Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health and social support among adult Egyptians. Journal of Community Health, 45, 689–695.
  • Erol, M. ve Erol, A. (2020). Koronavirüs Pandemisi Sürecinde Ebeveynleri Gözünden İlkokul Öğrencileri. Milli Eğitim, 49(1), 529–551.
  • Eyimaya, A. O. ve Irmak, A. Y. (2021). Relationship between parenting practices and children’s screen time during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Turkey. Journal of Pediatric Nursing, 56, 24.
  • Guan, H., Okely, A. D., Aguilar-Farias, N., del Pozo Cruz, B., Draper, C. E., el Hamdouchi, A., … Kontsevaya, A. (2020). Promoting healthy movement behaviours among children during the COVID-19 pandemic. The Lancet Child ve Adolescent Health, 4(6), 416–418.
  • Jiao, W. Y., Wang, L. N., Liu, J., Fang, S. F., Jiao, F. Y., Pettoello-Mantovani, M. ve Somekh, E. (2020). Behavioral and emotional disorders in children during the COVID-19 epidemic. The Journal of Pediatrics, 221, 264.
  • Karahan, S., Yıldırım Parlak, Ş., Demiröz, K., Kaya, M. ve Kayhan, N. (2020). Experiences of the Mothers to Cope with the Problem Behaviors of the Children with Special Needs during Coronavirus (COVID-19) Process. Journal of Qualitative Research in Education, 9(25). https://doi.org/10.14689/enad.25.4
  • Lakey, B. ve Orehek, E. (2011). Relational regulation theory: a new approach to explain the link between perceived social support and mental health. Psychological Review, 118(3), 482.
  • Lebow, J. L. (2020). Family in the age of COVID‐19. Family Process, 59(2), 1–4.
  • Liu, J. J., Bao, Y., Huang, X., Shi, J. ve Lu, L. (2020). Mental health considerations for children quarantined because of COVID-19. The Lancet Child ve Adolescent Health, 4(5), 347–349.
  • Liu, Q., Zhou, Y., Xie, X., Xue, Q., Zhu, K., Wan, Z., … Song, R. (2021). The prevalence of behavioral problems among school-aged children in home quarantine during the COVID-19 pandemic in china. Journal of Affective Disorders, 279, 412–416.
  • Mazza, C., Ricci, E., Biondi, S., Colasanti, M., Ferracuti, S., Napoli, C. ve Roma, P. (2020). A nationwide survey of psychological distress among Italian people during the COVID-19 pandemic: immediate psychological responses and associated factors. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(9), 3165.
  • Miho, A. ve Thévenon, O. (2020). Treating all children equally?: Why policies should adapt to evolving family living arrangements.
  • Orgilés, M., Morales, A., Delvecchio, E., Mazzeschi, C. ve Espada, J. P. (2020). Immediate psychological effects of the COVID-19 quarantine in youth from Italy and Spain. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 2986.
  • Özçevik, D. ve Ocakçı, A. F. (2020). COVID-19 ve Ev Hapsindeki Çocuk: Salgının Psikolojik Etkileri ve Hafifletme Yolları. Ankara Sağlık Hizmetleri Dergisi, 19(1), 13–17.
  • Prasso, S. (2020). China’s divorce spike is a warning to rest of locked-down world. Bloomberg Businessweek, 31.
  • Russell, B. S., Hutchison, M., Tambling, R., Tomkunas, A. J. ve Horton, A. L. (2020). Initial challenges of caregiving during COVID-19: Caregiver burden, mental health, and the parent–child relationship. Child Psychiatry ve Human Development, 51(5), 671–682.
  • Sönmez, V. ve A. F. G. (2016). Örneklendirilmiş Bilimsel Araştırma Yöntemleri. Ankara: Anı Yayıncılık.
  • Spinelli, M., Lionetti, F., Pastore, M. ve Fasolo, M. (2020). Parents’ stress and children’s psychological problems in families facing the COVID-19 outbreak in Italy. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 1713.
  • Toran, M., Sak, R., Xu, Y., Şahin-Sak, İ. T. ve Yu, Y. (2020). Parents and children during the COVID-19 quarantine process: Experiences from Turkey and China. Journal of Early Childhood Research.
  • Wang, G., Zhang, Y., Zhao, J., Zhang, J. ve Jiang, F. (2020). Mitigate the effects of home confinement on children during the COVID-19 outbreak. The Lancet, 395(10228), 945–947.
  • Xiang, M., Zhang, Z. ve Kuwahara, K. (2020). Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on children and adolescents’ lifestyle behavior larger than expected. Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases.
  • Zhu, N., Zhang, D., Wang, W., Li, X., Yang, B., Song, J., … Lu, R. (2020). A novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in China, 2019. New England Journal of Medicine.
There are 29 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Family and Household Studies, Developmental Psychology
Journal Section Araştırmalar
Authors

Pınar Bayhan 0000-0001-9455-6154

Sena Öz 0000-0003-3034-8481

Early Pub Date June 30, 2022
Publication Date June 30, 2022
Submission Date January 23, 2022
Acceptance Date May 23, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 5 Issue: 9

Cite

APA Bayhan, P., & Öz, S. (2022). Ebeveynlerin Pandemi Sürecindeki Deneyimlerinin İncelenmesi: Nitel Bir Çalışma. Çocuk Ve Gelişim Dergisi, 5(9), 14-31. https://doi.org/10.36731/cg.1061800