Effect of High Cholesterol Diet and α-Tocopherol Supplementation on Endoplasmic Retüculum Stress and Apoptosis in Hippocampus Tissue

Year 2022, Volume: 12 Issue: 2, 439 - 444, 30.06.2022

Erdi Sozen Tugce Demırel-yalcıner Aslı Ece Alper Ismıcoglu Nesrin Kartal Özer

https://doi.org/10.33808/clinexphealthsci.972222

Abstract

Objective: Neurodegenerative diseases are life-threatening disorders that occur when cells in peripheral nervous system or brain lose function over time and ultimately die. Our study aimed to establish a high cholesterol fed rabbit model to investigate the status of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, proteasome activity and apoptosis as well as the beneficial role of α-tocopherol on hippocampus.

Methods: Hypercholesterolemic rabbit model was established by feeding on 2% cholesterol diet for 8 weeks, and α-tocopherol supplementation was applied with intramuscular injections. Alterations of Grp78, Grp94, Bax, Bcl-2 and BACE1 levels in hippocampus tissue were determined by western blotting, while proteasome activity was measured by fluorometric detection.

Results: Cholesterol containing diet for 8 weeks increased well-known parameters of ER stress and apoptosis, together with no chance in proteasome activity. On the other hand, α-tocopherol supplementation in rabbits fed two percent cholesterol containing diet significantly down-regulated certain ER stress and apoptosis parameters along with an increase in proteasome activity.
Conclusion: Our results underline a novel function of α-tocopherol in reducing cholesterol induced ER stress and apoptosis by increasing proteasome activity in the hippocampus.

Keywords

Hypercholesterolemia, Endoplasmic reticulum stress, Proteasome, Apoptosis, Hippocampus

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