Deregulation of Cancer-Associated Genes in Odontogenic Cysts

Year 2019, , 268 - 275, 09.09.2019

Bilal Ege Önder Yumrutaş İbrahim Bozgeyik

https://doi.org/10.7126/cumudj.543875

Abstract

Objectives: The
aim of the present study was to demonstrate the key role of differential
expression levels of RB1, TP53, XIAP, BCL2 AIFM3, BAX, CASP3 and CASP9 genes in
odontogenic cysts.

Materials and Methods:
A total number of 15 patients who diagnosed with odontogenic cyst were enrolled
for the present study. For the quantitative gene expression analysis, cyst and
adjacent gingival healthy tissues of patients were collected during surgical assessments.
Quantitative analysis of gene expression levels RB1, TP53, XIAP, BCL2 AIFM3,
BAX, CASP3 and CASP9 were achieved real-time PCR method. For the optimization
of gene expression levels GAPDH reference gene was used.

Results:
Expression of both RB1 and TP53 genes were markedly diminished in odontogenic
cysts tissues as compared to healthy tissues (p<0.05). Likewise, levels of
CASP3 and CASP9 genes were found to be significantly reduced in odontogenic
cysts tissues compared to healthy tissues (p<0.05). In contrast, expression levels
of XIAP was significantly elevated (p<0.05). Although BCL2, AIFM3, and BAX
genes were also differentially expressed in odontogenic cysts tissues, these variations
were statistically insignificant (p>0.05). 

Conclusions:
The findings of the present study indicates that RB1, TP53, XIAP, CASP3 and
CASP9 genes might have chief roles in formation odontogenic cysts and
responsible for the increased cell proliferation in these tissues.

Keywords

Gene expression, odontojenic cysts, tumor suppressor gene

References

• 1. Nuñez-Urrutia S, Figueiredo R, Gay-Escoda C. Retrospective clinicopathological study of 418 odontogenic cysts. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2010; 15: e767-773.
• 2.Scholl RJ, Kellett HM, Neumann DP, Lurie AG. Cysts and cystic lesions of the mandible: clinical and radiologic-histopathologic review. Radiographics. 1999; 19: 1107-1124.
• 3.Xiong J, Gronthos S, Bartold PM. Role of the epithelial cell rests of Malassez in the development, maintenance and regeneration of periodontal ligament tissues. Periodontology 2000. 2013; 63: 217-233.
• 4.Benn A, Altini M. Dentigerous cysts of inflammatory origin: a clinicopathologic study. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 1996; 81: 203-209.
• 5.Zhang L, Yang R, Zhang L, Li W, MacDonald-Jankowski D, Poh C. Dentigerous cyst: a retrospective clinicopathological analysis of 2082 dentigerous cysts in British Columbia, Canada. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2010; 39: 878-882.
• 6.Boffano P, Ruga E, Gallesio C. Keratocystic odontogenic tumor (odontogenic keratocyst): preliminary retrospective review of epidemiologic, clinical, and radiologic features of 261 lesions from University of Turin. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2010; 68: 2994-2999.
• 7.Johnson NR, Batstone MD, Savage NW. Management and recurrence of keratocystic odontogenic tumor: a systematic review. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol. 2013; 116: e271-276.
• 8.Shear M. The aggressive nature of the odontogenic keratocyst: is it a benign cystic neoplasm? Part 1. Clinical and early experimental evidence of aggressive behaviour. Oral oncology. 2002; 38: 219-226.
• 9.Titinchi F, Nortje CJ. Keratocystic odontogenic tumor: a recurrence analysis of clinical and radiographic parameters. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol. 2012; 114: 136-142.
• 10.Bozgeyik E, Bayraktar E, Chavez-Reyes A, Rodriguez-Aguayo C . OncoLncs: Long Non-Coding RNAs with Oncogenic Functions. Mol Biol. 2016; 5:162.
• 11.Hanahan D, Weinberg RA. Hallmarks of Cancer: The Next Generation. Cell. 2011; 144: 646-674.
• 12.Fatemeh M, Sepideh A, Sara BS, Nazanin M. P53 Protein Expression in Dental Follicle, Dentigerous Cyst, Odontogenic Keratocyst, and Inflammatory Subtypes of Cysts: An Immunohistochemical Study. Oman Med J. 2017; 32: 227-232.
• 13.Ibrahim N, Nazimi AJ, Ajura AJ, Nordin R, Latiff ZA, Ramli R. The Clinical Features and Expression of bcl-2, Cyclin D1, p53, and Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen in Syndromic and Nonsyndromic Keratocystic Odontogenic Tumor. J Craniofac Surg. 2016; 27: 1361-1366.
• 14.Kaczmarzyk T, Kisielowski K, Koszowski R, Rynkiewicz M, Gawełek E, Babiuch K, et al. Investigation of clinicopathological parameters and expression of COX-2, bcl-2, PCNA, and p53 in primary and recurrent sporadic odontogenic keratocysts. Clin Oral Investig. 2018; 5: 1-10.
• 15.Gadbail AR, Patil R, Chaudhary M. Co-expression of Ki-67 and p53 protein in ameloblastoma and keratocystic odontogenic tumor. Acta Odontol Scand. 2012; 70: 529-535.
• 16.Gurgel CA, Ramos EA, Azevedo RA, Sarmento VA, da Silva Carvalho AM, dos Santos JN. Expression of Ki-67, p53 and p63 proteins in keratocyst odontogenic tumours: an immunohistochemical study. J Mol Histol. 2008; 39: 311-316.
• 17.da Costa NMM, de Siqueira AS, Ribeiro ALR, da Silva Kataoka MS, Jaeger RG, de Alves-Júnior SM, et al. Role of HIF-1 alpha and CASPASE-3 in cystogenesis of odontogenic cysts and tumors. Clin Oral Investig. 2018; 22: 141-149.
• 18.Sreedhar G, Raju MV, Metta KK, Manjunath S, Shetty S, Agarwal RK. Immunohistochemical analysis of factors related to apoptosis and cellular proliferation in relation to inflammation in dentigerous and odontogenic keratocyst. J Nat Sci Biol Med. 2014; 5: 112-115.
• 19.Tenório J, Santana T, Queiroz S, Queiroz L. Apoptosis and cell cycle aberrations in epithelial odontogenic lesions: An evidence by the expression of p53, Bcl-2 and Bax. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2018; 23: e120-125.
• 20.Efeyan A, Serrano M. p53: Guardian of the genome and policeman of the oncogenes. Cell Cycle. 2007; 6: 1006-1010.
• 21.Nylander K, Nilsson P, Mehle C, Roos G. P53 Mutations, Protein Expression and Cell-Proliferation in Squamous-Cell Carcinomas of the Head and Neck. Br J Cancer. 1995; 71: 826-830.
• 22.Elmore S. Apoptosis: A review of programmed cell death. Toxicol Pathol. 2007; 35: 495-516.
• 23.Miyashita T, Krajewski S, Krajewska M, Wang HG, Lin HK, Liebermann DA, et al. Tumor-Suppressor P53 Is a Regulator of Bcl-2 and Bax Gene-Expression in-Vitro and in-Vivo. Oncogene. 1994; 9: 1799-1805.