Formulation and Control of a Topical Emulsion, Containing Algerian Vitis vinifera.L Leaves Extract

Year 2022, Volume: 5 Issue: 1, 36 - 49, 30.06.2022

Selka Adil Amel Chenafa Mohamed Yacine Achouri Bellifa Nazım

https://doi.org/10.38093/cupmap.1118538

Abstract

Topical emulsions find their applications in wrinkle reduction (skin aging), acne treatment and, sebum secretions regulation. For various dermatological affections, many topical formulations like sunscreens and anti-aging creams are prepared using plant-based ingredients
The objective of this study was to formulate an emulsion containing Vitis vinifera. L leaves extract, and to evaluate its stability and antioxidant activity in vitro.A spectrophotometric assay of the main phenolic groups for 10 Vitis vinifera. L leave samples was performed.O/W emulsions were prepared using a nonionic surfactant polysorbate 80.1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl assay was performed to evaluate plant extracts and emulsions antioxidant activity.
The Physical stability of the emulsions stored at 25 ºC and 40 ºC for 60 days was assessed based on various physico-chemical characteristics including color, creaming, liquefaction, centrifugation pH, and electrical conductivity.
The emulsions showed good physical properties and pharmaceutical stability. The polyphenol-rich-plant-derived extract and the emulsion showed good antioxidant activities.
this research allowed the development of an emulsion based on Vitis vinifera. L extract, which can be proposed for topical use. However, in vivo studies are recommended to confirm the antioxidant action of this cream.

Keywords

Plant, emulsio, antioxidant, stability, parameters

References

• Abdulbaqi MR, Rajab N. (2020). Apixaban ultrafine O/W nano emulsion transdermal drug delivery system: formulation, in vitro and ex vivo characterization. Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy. 11(2):82-94. 82-94. https://doi:10.5530/srp.2020.2.14
• Al-Achi A. (2020). A brief review of pharmaceutics. Journal of Drug Discovery, Development and Delivery. 6(1):1036. https://doi.org/10.33513/PPPS/1901-10
• Baydar NG, Özkan G, Sağdiç O. (2004). Total phenolic contents and antibacterial activities of grape (Vitis vinifera L.) extracts. Food control. 15(5):335-339. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0956-7135(03)00083-5
• Benmeziane F, Djamai R, Cadot Y, Seridi R. (2014). Optimization of extraction parameters of phenolic compounds from Algerian fresh table grapes,(Vitis Vinifera). International Food Research Journal. 21(3). http://www.ifrj.upm.edu.my/21%20(03)%202014/31%20IFRJ%2021 %20(03)%202014%20Benmeziame%20357.pdf.
• Brossard D, Charrueau C, Chaumeil JC, Crauste-Manciet S, Hir AL. (2016). Pharmacie galénique: Bonnes pratiques de fabrication des médicaments [Galenic Pharmacy: Good drug manufacturing practices]. Paris : Elsevier Health Sciences.
• Colucci G, Santamaria-Echart A, Silva SC, Fernandes IP, Sipoli CC, Barreiro MF. (2020). Development of water-in-oil emulsions as delivery vehicles and testing with a natural antimicrobial extract. Molecules. 25(9):2105. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25092105
• French Pharmacopoeia, 10th edition. 2014. [accessed 2020 Feb 12].http://dev4-afssaps-marche2017.integra.fr/var/ansm_site/storage/original/application/aeaa1b4d72f30799f1206dd00f925c07.pdf
• González S, Fernández-Lorente M, Gilaberte-Calzada Y. (2008). The latest on skin photoprotection. Clinics in dermatology. 26(6):614-626. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clindermatol.2007.09.010
• Güler A, Candemir A. (2014). Total Phenolic and Flavonoid Contents, Phenolic Compositions and Color Properties of Fresh Grape Leaves. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Natural Sciences. 1:778-82. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/142176.
• Huma S, Khan HMS, Sohail M, Akhtar N, Rasool F, Majeed F, Daniyal M. (2020). Development, in-vitro characterization and assessment of cosmetic potential of Beta vulgaris extract emulsion. Journal of Herbal Medicine. 23:100372. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hermed.2020.100372
• International Organisation of Vine and Wine.2017 [accessed 2017 OCT 22]. https://www.oiv.int/js/lib/pdfjs/web/viewer.html?file=/public/medias/5479/oiv-en-bilan-2017.pdf,2017
• Julkunen-Tiitto R. (1985). Phenolic constituents in the leaves of northern willows: methods for the analysis of certain phenolics. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry. 33(2):213-217. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00062a013
• Katalinic V, Mozina SS, Generalic I, Skroza D, Ljubenkov I, Klancnik A. (2013). Phenolic profile, antioxidant capacity, and antimicrobial activity of leaf extracts from six Vitis vinifera L. varieties. International journal of food properties. 16(1):45-60. https://doi.org/10.1080/10942912.2010.526274
• Khan BA, Akhtar N, Khan H, Braga VdA. (2013). Development, characterization and antioxidant activity of polysorbate based O/W emulsion containing polyphenols derived from Hippophae rhamnoides and Cassia fistula. Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. 49(4):763-773. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1984-82502013000400016
• Król A, Amarowicz R, Weidner S. (2014). Changes in the composition of phenolic compounds and antioxidant properties of grapevine roots and leaves (Vitis vinifera L.) under continuous of long-term drought stress. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum. 36:1491-1499. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11738-014-1526-8
• Lambers H, Piessens S, Bloem A, Pronk H, Finkel P. (2006). Natural skin surface pH is on average below 5, which is beneficial for its resident flora. International Journal of Cosmetic Science. 28. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-2494.2006.00344.
• Lim H, Jo M, Ban C, Choi YJ. (2020). Interfacial and colloidal characterization of oil-in-water emulsions stabilized by interface-tunable solid lipid nanoparticles. Food chemistry. 306:125619. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.125619
• Lu GW, Gao P. (2010). Emulsions and microemulsions for topical and transdermal drug delivery. Handbook of non-invasive drug delivery systems. Elsevier; p. 59-94. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-8155-2025-2.10003-4
• Manach C, Scalbert A, Morand C, Rémésy C, Jiménez LV. (2004). Polyphenols: food sources and bioavailability. The American journal of clinical nutrition. 79 5:727-747. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/79.5.727
• Noon J, Mills TB, Norton IT. (2020). The use of antioxidant rutin hydrate Pickering particles to combat lipid oxidation in O/W emulsions. Journal of Food Engineering. 274:109830. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2019.109830
• Orhan DD, Orhan N, Ozcelik B, Ergun F. (2009). Biological activities of Vitis vinifera L. leaves. Turk J Biol. 33:341-348. https://doi.org/10.3906/biy-0806-17
• Pandey KB, Rizvi SI. (2009). Plant polyphenols as dietary antioxidants in human health and disease. Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity. 2(5):270-278. https://doi.org/ 10.4161/oxim.2.5.9498
• Pastrana-Bonilla E, Akoh CC, Sellappan S, Krewer G. (2003). Phenolic content and antioxidant capacity of muscadine grapes. J Agric Food Chem. 51(18):5497-5503. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf030113c
• Ralla T, Salminen H, Braun K, Edelmann M, Dawid C, Hofmann T, Weiss J. (2020). Investigations into the structure-function relationship of the naturally-derived surfactant glycyrrhizin: Emulsion stability. Food Biophysics. 15(3):288-296. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11483-020-09624-0
• Rasul A, Akhtar N. (2012). Anti-aging potential of a cream containing milk thistle extract: Formulation and in vivo evaluation. African Journal of Biotechnology. 11(6):1509-1515. https://doi.org/10.5897/AJB11.2678
• Salager JL.(2000). Emulsion properties and related know-how to attain them. Pharmaceutical emulsions and suspensions, 105: 73-125. https://doi.org/10.1201/b14005-4
• Sánchez-Moreno C. (2002). Methods used to evaluate the free radical scavenging activity in foods and biological systems. Food science and technology international. 8(3):121-137. https://doi.org/10.1106/108201302026770
• Seiller M, Martini MC. (1996). Formes pharmaceutiques pour application locale. Paris : Tec & Doc Lavoisier.
• Selka M, Achouri M, Chenafa A, Toumi H. (2019). The study of polyphenolic compounds profile and antioxidant activity of vitis vinifera l. leaves from western regions of Algeria. IJP Algeria. 6(1):20-29. https://doi.org 10.13040/IJPSR.0975-8232.IJP.
• Selka M, Chenafa A, Achouri M, Aoued L, Tareb S, Nourredine M, Toumi H. (2016). Activité antimicrobienne et antioxydante des feuilles de Vitis vinifera L. Phytothérapie. 14(6):363-369. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10298-016-1036-5
• Sharif A, Akhtar N, Khan MS, Menaa B, Khan BA, Menaa F. (2014). Development and Optimization of Dimethicone-based Cream Containing Muscat Hamburg Grape Extract: In-vitro Evaluation. Journal of Pharmaceutical Care & Health Systems. 1:1-6. https://doi.org/10.4172/2376-0419.1000107
• Smaoui S, Hlima HB, Chobba IB, Kadri A. (2017). Development and stability studies of sunscreen cream formulations containing three photo-protective filters. Arabian Journal of Chemistry. 10:S1216-S1222. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arabjc.2013.02.020
• Taware PB, Dhumal K, Oulkar DP, Patil SH, Banerjee K. (2010). Phenolic alterations in grape leaves, berries and wines due to foliar and cluster powdery mildew infections. International journal of pharma and bio sciences. 1:1-14. https://doi.org/10.22376/ijpbs
• Ushikubo F, Cunha R. (2014). Stability mechanisms of liquid water-in-oil emulsions. Food Hydrocolloids. 34:145-153. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodhyd.2012.11.016
• Wehrlé P. (2012). Pharmacie galénique: formulation et technologie pharmaceutique [Galenic pharmacy: formulation and pharmaceutical technology]. Paris : Maloine
• Xia E-Q, Deng G-F, Guo Y-J, Li H-B. (2010). Biological activities of polyphenols from grapes. International journal of molecular sciences. 11(2):622-646. https://doi.org 10.3390/ijms11020622
• Ying C, Wan D. (2012). Quantitative determination of total and individual flavonoids in stems and leaves of Buddleja davidii and Buddleja albiflora. Pharmacognosy Magazine. 8(32):273. https://doi.org/10.4103/0973-1296.103651
• Yu Q-M, Lim EJ, Choi S-K, Seo J-S. (2014). Antioxidant effect of grapevine leaf extract on the oxidative stress induced by a high-fat diet in rats. Food Science and Biotechnology. 23:849-857. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10068-014-0114-4
• Zhao X, Debeli DK, Shan G. (2020). A novel drug loading and release from a thermoresponsive hydrogel formed in situ emulsion polymerization. Journal of Applied Polymer Science. 137(19):48669. https://doi.org/10.1002/app.48669
• Zillich O, Schweiggert‐Weisz U, Eisner P, Kerscher M. (2015). Polyphenols as active ingredients for cosmetic products. International journal of cosmetic science. 37(5):455-464. https://doi.org/10.1111/ics.12218.