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TRADITIONAL TRACES IN MODERN CHINESE EDUCATION: REVIVAL OF CONFUCIAN EDUCATION

Year 2023, Volume: 32 Issue: 1, 313 - 327, 27.04.2023
https://doi.org/10.35379/cusosbil.1259073

Abstract

Many philosophers who emerged during the Warring States Period of China have affected the Chinese education model and methods with their thoughts and approaches towards education. Their influence also extends to the formation and shaping of the modern education system in China. The ancient Chinese educational training approach was developed concurrently with traditional culture. The educational thought of Confucianism which is fed by traditional culture, is the inheritance of ancient Chinese education. Confucius’s educational training model based on moral education has greatly affected China’s educational training model, method, curriculum and promotion of moral values. Since the 21st century, many Chinese parents sending their children to schools that teach Confucius Classics, is an indication of the revival of Confucian education in the modern era. Therefore, this study aims to examine the evolutionary effects of Confucian education on ancient and modern Chinese education systems and the traces of Confucian education in the understanding of education in the modern era by discussing the history of Chinese education from ancient times to the present day and Confucius’s educational training approach.

References

  • Abe, H. (1987). Borrowing from Japan: China’s first modern educational system. R. Hayhoe ve M. Bastid (Ed.). China’s education and the industrialized world içinde. Ontario Institute for Studies in Education.
  • Aktaş, Ş. (2022). Tang Hanedanlığı ve Türk Kağanlığı ilişkileri bağlamında Xueyantuo (Sir-Tarduş-Seyanto; 薛延陀) Hanlığı. History Studies. 14(3), 489-513.
  • Bahtilla, M. & Xu, H. (2021). The influence of Confucius’s educational thoughts on China’s educational system. Open Access Library Journal. 1-8. https://doi.org/10.4236/oalib.1107370.
  • Bielenstein, H. (1980). The bureaucracy of Han times. Cambridge University Press.
  • Billiloud, S. (2021). Confucianism in Chinese society in the first two decades of the 21st century. K. Paramore (Ed.). The Cambridge history of Confucianism içinde (s. 1-16). Cambridge University Press.
  • Billiloud, S. & Thoraval, J. (2015). The Sage and the people: The Confucian revival in China. Oxford University Press.
  • Billioud, S. (2011). Confucian revival and the emergence of “Jiaohua organizations”. Modern China, 37(3), 286- 314.
  • Chang, C. (1955). The Chinese Gentry: studies on their role in nineteenth century Chinese society. University of Washington Press.
  • Creel, H. G. (1970). The origins of statecraft in China. University of Chicago Press.
  • Gao, M. (1999). Zhongguo jiaoyu zhidu shilun. Lianjing Chuban Shiye Gongsi.
  • Gökenç Gülez, S. (2022). Çin Yazısı’nın temeli Jiaguwen’da Çince kavramların gösterimi. M. Kotuk (Ed.). 7th International Zeugma Conference on Scientific Research, The Book Full Papers (s.369-377).
  • Gökenç Gülez, S. (2022). Geleneksel değerler üzerinden Çin toplumundaki aile kavramına bakış. Şarkiyat Mecmuası. 41, 387-402.
  • Gu, M. (2016). An analysis of the impact of traditional Chinese culture on Chinese education, Front. Education China. 2: 169−190.
  • Hansen, M. (2015). Educating the Chinese individual. University of Washington Press.
  • Hu, M. (1995). Zhongguo jiaoyu shi. Renwen Shike.
  • Kipnis, A. (2001). Subjectification and education for quality in China. Economy and Society, 40(2), 289–306.
  • Kipnis, A. (2006). Suzhi: A Keyword Approach. The China Quarterly, 186, 295–313.
  • Körkem Akçay, C. (2023). Çin eğitim sistemi ve Hukou Sistemi’nin eğitime etkileri. F. E. Ceylan ve G. Varoğlu (Ed.). Doğu Asya çalışmaları içinde. (s.1-15). Nevşehir Hacı Bektaş Veli Üniversitesi Yayınları.
  • Küçükali, R., Kahveci, K., Ada, Ş., Çakır, R. Kadan, G. (2021). Eğitim felsefesi. Anı Yayıncılık.
  • Lee, T. H. C. (2000). Education in traditional China. A History. Brill.
  • Li, H. (1997). Minguo jiaoyushi (The history of education through the Republic of China. Shanghai Education Press.
  • Li, J. (2012). Cultural foundations of learning: East and West. Cambridge University Press.
  • Li, M. (2011). Changing ideological-political orientations in Chinese moral education. Journal of Moral Education, 40(3), 387–395. Lin, F. (1991). Tang Liu Dian. Beijing: Zhonghua.
  • Lin, Q. (2009). Civilising citizens in post-Mao China: Understanding the rhetoric of Suzhi (Yayınlanmış Doktora Tezi). Griffith University/School of Humanities, Australia.
  • Liu, M. & An, G. (2017). Six arts as ancient curriculum of China. Science Innovation. 5(6): 398-402.
  • Lou, J. (2011). Suzhi, relevance and the new curriculum. Chinese Education & Society, 44(6), 73–86.
  • M. Kalkan, Ç. & Y. Şaşmaz, A. (2021). Çin çeviri tarihinde batı etkisi ve modernleşme girişimleri: “Tongwen Guan (同文館)” çeviri okulu örneği. RumeliDE Dil ve Edebiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi. (25), 892-909.
  • Mao, L. & Shen, G. (1986). Zhongguo jiaoyu tongshi: Di yi juan. Jinan: Shandong Jiaoyu Chubanshe.
  • Murphy, R. (2004). Turning peasants into modern Chinese citizens. The China Quarterly. 177. 1–20.
  • Pei, G. (2015). Risen from chaos: The development of modern education in China, 1905-1948. The London
  • Sun, P. (1991). Zhongguo jiaoyu shi. Huadong Shifan Daxue Chubanshe.
  • Twitchett, D. (2008). The Cambridge history of China, Vol III Sui and Tang China. Cambridge University Press.
  • Wang, C. (2014). Dujing ershi nian, two decades of Classics reading education. Zhonghua Shuju.
  • Wang, C. (2022). Resurgence of Confucian education in contemporary China: Parental involvement, moral anxiety, and the pedagogy of memorization. Journal of Moral Education.
  • Wang, C. & Billiloud, S. (2022). Reinventing Confucian education in contemporary China: New ethnographic explorations. China Perspectives.
  • Wang, F. (Ed.). (1994). Minguoshi dang’an ziliao huibian - Jiaoyu (The collection of archive material for Republic of China Education). The Second Historical Archive of China. Phoenix Publishing House.
  • Wang, G. (1976). Han Wei boshi kao. Taiwan Shangwu Yinshuguan.
  • Wang, W. (1988). Xunzi jijie. Zhonghua Shuju.
  • Wu, C. (1997). Tangdai guoji yanjiu. Shenyang: Liaoning Daxue.
  • Yi, L. (2011). Turning rurality into modernity. The China Quarterly. 206. 313–330.
  • Zhou, Y. H. (2013). Chuantong wenhua yu jiaoshi de jiaoyu. Fudan Daxue Chubanshe.
  • http://library.chinausfocus.com/article-1534.html (Erişim tarihi: 17.12.2022).
  • https://www.globaltimes.cn/content/883309.shtml (Erişim tarihi: 17.12.2022).
  • http://www.chinese.cn/page/#/pcpage/projectlist (Erişim tarihi: 15.01.2023).

MODERN ÇİN EĞİTİM SİSTEMİNDE GELENEKSEL İZLER: KONFUÇYÜSÇÜ EĞİTİMİN YENİDEN CANLANMASI

Year 2023, Volume: 32 Issue: 1, 313 - 327, 27.04.2023
https://doi.org/10.35379/cusosbil.1259073

Abstract

Antik dönemde Çin’de yaşamış birçok düşünürün eğitim hakkındaki düşünceleri ve yaklaşımları Çin’in eğitim modeli ve yöntemini etkilemiş ve günümüz eğitim sisteminin oluşup şekillenmesinde etkili olmuştur. Çin’in antik dönem eğitim düşüncesi geleneksel kültür ile eş zamanlı olarak oluşmuştur. Geleneksel kültürden beslenen Konfuçyüs’ün öğretisi Konfuçyanizm’in eğitim düşüncesi ise antik dönem Çin eğitim düşüncesinin mirası niteliğindedir. Konfuçyüs’ün ahlak eğitimine dayalı olan eğitim modeli antik dönemden günümüze Çin’in eğitim yöntemi, öğretim içeriği, eğitim modeli ve ahlaki değerler eğitimini büyük ölçüde etkilemiştir. 21. yüzyıldan itibaren çoğu ebeveynin çocuklarını ahlak eğitimi ve kişinin kendini geliştirmesine odaklı Konfuçyüs klasiklerini okuma eğitimi veren okullara göndermesi ve çocuklarını klasikleri ezberlemeye yönlendirmesi modern dönemde Konfuçyüsçü eğitimin yeniden canlandığının bir göstergesidir. Bu bağlamda, bu çalışma antik dönemden günümüze Çin eğitim tarihini ve Konfuçyüs’ün eğitim yaklaşımını ve eğitim hakkındaki düşüncelerini ele alarak, Konfuçyüsçü eğitimin antik dönem ve modern dönem Çin eğitimi üzerindeki evrimsel etkilerini ve modern dönemdeki eğitim anlayışında Konfuçyüs eğitimin izlerini incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır.

References

  • Abe, H. (1987). Borrowing from Japan: China’s first modern educational system. R. Hayhoe ve M. Bastid (Ed.). China’s education and the industrialized world içinde. Ontario Institute for Studies in Education.
  • Aktaş, Ş. (2022). Tang Hanedanlığı ve Türk Kağanlığı ilişkileri bağlamında Xueyantuo (Sir-Tarduş-Seyanto; 薛延陀) Hanlığı. History Studies. 14(3), 489-513.
  • Bahtilla, M. & Xu, H. (2021). The influence of Confucius’s educational thoughts on China’s educational system. Open Access Library Journal. 1-8. https://doi.org/10.4236/oalib.1107370.
  • Bielenstein, H. (1980). The bureaucracy of Han times. Cambridge University Press.
  • Billiloud, S. (2021). Confucianism in Chinese society in the first two decades of the 21st century. K. Paramore (Ed.). The Cambridge history of Confucianism içinde (s. 1-16). Cambridge University Press.
  • Billiloud, S. & Thoraval, J. (2015). The Sage and the people: The Confucian revival in China. Oxford University Press.
  • Billioud, S. (2011). Confucian revival and the emergence of “Jiaohua organizations”. Modern China, 37(3), 286- 314.
  • Chang, C. (1955). The Chinese Gentry: studies on their role in nineteenth century Chinese society. University of Washington Press.
  • Creel, H. G. (1970). The origins of statecraft in China. University of Chicago Press.
  • Gao, M. (1999). Zhongguo jiaoyu zhidu shilun. Lianjing Chuban Shiye Gongsi.
  • Gökenç Gülez, S. (2022). Çin Yazısı’nın temeli Jiaguwen’da Çince kavramların gösterimi. M. Kotuk (Ed.). 7th International Zeugma Conference on Scientific Research, The Book Full Papers (s.369-377).
  • Gökenç Gülez, S. (2022). Geleneksel değerler üzerinden Çin toplumundaki aile kavramına bakış. Şarkiyat Mecmuası. 41, 387-402.
  • Gu, M. (2016). An analysis of the impact of traditional Chinese culture on Chinese education, Front. Education China. 2: 169−190.
  • Hansen, M. (2015). Educating the Chinese individual. University of Washington Press.
  • Hu, M. (1995). Zhongguo jiaoyu shi. Renwen Shike.
  • Kipnis, A. (2001). Subjectification and education for quality in China. Economy and Society, 40(2), 289–306.
  • Kipnis, A. (2006). Suzhi: A Keyword Approach. The China Quarterly, 186, 295–313.
  • Körkem Akçay, C. (2023). Çin eğitim sistemi ve Hukou Sistemi’nin eğitime etkileri. F. E. Ceylan ve G. Varoğlu (Ed.). Doğu Asya çalışmaları içinde. (s.1-15). Nevşehir Hacı Bektaş Veli Üniversitesi Yayınları.
  • Küçükali, R., Kahveci, K., Ada, Ş., Çakır, R. Kadan, G. (2021). Eğitim felsefesi. Anı Yayıncılık.
  • Lee, T. H. C. (2000). Education in traditional China. A History. Brill.
  • Li, H. (1997). Minguo jiaoyushi (The history of education through the Republic of China. Shanghai Education Press.
  • Li, J. (2012). Cultural foundations of learning: East and West. Cambridge University Press.
  • Li, M. (2011). Changing ideological-political orientations in Chinese moral education. Journal of Moral Education, 40(3), 387–395. Lin, F. (1991). Tang Liu Dian. Beijing: Zhonghua.
  • Lin, Q. (2009). Civilising citizens in post-Mao China: Understanding the rhetoric of Suzhi (Yayınlanmış Doktora Tezi). Griffith University/School of Humanities, Australia.
  • Liu, M. & An, G. (2017). Six arts as ancient curriculum of China. Science Innovation. 5(6): 398-402.
  • Lou, J. (2011). Suzhi, relevance and the new curriculum. Chinese Education & Society, 44(6), 73–86.
  • M. Kalkan, Ç. & Y. Şaşmaz, A. (2021). Çin çeviri tarihinde batı etkisi ve modernleşme girişimleri: “Tongwen Guan (同文館)” çeviri okulu örneği. RumeliDE Dil ve Edebiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi. (25), 892-909.
  • Mao, L. & Shen, G. (1986). Zhongguo jiaoyu tongshi: Di yi juan. Jinan: Shandong Jiaoyu Chubanshe.
  • Murphy, R. (2004). Turning peasants into modern Chinese citizens. The China Quarterly. 177. 1–20.
  • Pei, G. (2015). Risen from chaos: The development of modern education in China, 1905-1948. The London
  • Sun, P. (1991). Zhongguo jiaoyu shi. Huadong Shifan Daxue Chubanshe.
  • Twitchett, D. (2008). The Cambridge history of China, Vol III Sui and Tang China. Cambridge University Press.
  • Wang, C. (2014). Dujing ershi nian, two decades of Classics reading education. Zhonghua Shuju.
  • Wang, C. (2022). Resurgence of Confucian education in contemporary China: Parental involvement, moral anxiety, and the pedagogy of memorization. Journal of Moral Education.
  • Wang, C. & Billiloud, S. (2022). Reinventing Confucian education in contemporary China: New ethnographic explorations. China Perspectives.
  • Wang, F. (Ed.). (1994). Minguoshi dang’an ziliao huibian - Jiaoyu (The collection of archive material for Republic of China Education). The Second Historical Archive of China. Phoenix Publishing House.
  • Wang, G. (1976). Han Wei boshi kao. Taiwan Shangwu Yinshuguan.
  • Wang, W. (1988). Xunzi jijie. Zhonghua Shuju.
  • Wu, C. (1997). Tangdai guoji yanjiu. Shenyang: Liaoning Daxue.
  • Yi, L. (2011). Turning rurality into modernity. The China Quarterly. 206. 313–330.
  • Zhou, Y. H. (2013). Chuantong wenhua yu jiaoshi de jiaoyu. Fudan Daxue Chubanshe.
  • http://library.chinausfocus.com/article-1534.html (Erişim tarihi: 17.12.2022).
  • https://www.globaltimes.cn/content/883309.shtml (Erişim tarihi: 17.12.2022).
  • http://www.chinese.cn/page/#/pcpage/projectlist (Erişim tarihi: 15.01.2023).
There are 44 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Sema Gökenç Gülez 0000-0002-1787-9328

Publication Date April 27, 2023
Submission Date March 2, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 32 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Gökenç Gülez, S. (2023). MODERN ÇİN EĞİTİM SİSTEMİNDE GELENEKSEL İZLER: KONFUÇYÜSÇÜ EĞİTİMİN YENİDEN CANLANMASI. Çukurova Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 32(1), 313-327. https://doi.org/10.35379/cusosbil.1259073