<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.4 20241031//EN"
        "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/1.4/JATS-journalpublishing1-4.dtd">
<article  article-type="research-article"        dtd-version="1.4">
            <front>

                <journal-meta>
                                    <journal-id></journal-id>
            <journal-title-group>
                                                                                    <journal-title>darulfunun ilahiyat</journal-title>
            </journal-title-group>
                                        <issn pub-type="epub">2651-5083</issn>
                                                                                            <publisher>
                    <publisher-name>Istanbul University</publisher-name>
                </publisher>
                    </journal-meta>
                <article-meta>
                                        <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26650/di.2020.31.2.799877</article-id>
                                                                <article-categories>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="en">
                                                            <subject>Religious Studies</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="tr">
                                                            <subject>Din Araştırmaları</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                    </article-categories>
                                                                                                                                                        <title-group>
                                                                                                                        <trans-title-group xml:lang="en">
                                    <trans-title>Messianic Judaism as a Syncretic Movement</trans-title>
                                </trans-title-group>
                                                                                                                                                                                                <article-title>Senkretik Bir Hareket Olarak Mesihi Yahudilik</article-title>
                                                                                                    </title-group>
            
                                                    <contrib-group content-type="authors">
                                                                        <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0517-8495</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Arslan</surname>
                                    <given-names>Hatice</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>Balıkesir Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                                                </contrib-group>
                        
                                        <pub-date pub-type="pub" iso-8601-date="20201225">
                    <day>12</day>
                    <month>25</month>
                    <year>2020</year>
                </pub-date>
                                        <volume>31</volume>
                                        <issue>2</issue>
                                        <fpage>435</fpage>
                                        <lpage>456</lpage>
                        
                        <history>
                                    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="20200925">
                        <day>09</day>
                        <month>25</month>
                        <year>2020</year>
                    </date>
                                                    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="20201207">
                        <day>12</day>
                        <month>07</month>
                        <year>2020</year>
                    </date>
                            </history>
                                        <permissions>
                    <copyright-statement>Copyright © 1925, darulfunun ilahiyat</copyright-statement>
                    <copyright-year>1925</copyright-year>
                    <copyright-holder>darulfunun ilahiyat</copyright-holder>
                </permissions>
            
                                                                                                <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
                            <p>Messianic Judaism is a new religion movement that emerged as a result of the Christianization activity of Protestant missionaries. Converted Jews claimed that it was possible to maintain their religious and national values and to believe Jesus (Yeshua) as the divine son. They established various associations within the framework of this view. Syncretizing two essential beliefs such as Judaism and Christianity, emerging in the modern age, the historical development of Messianic Judaism and belief and religious practices are the subject of this article. In this context, firstly, the position of Messianic Judaism among other Jewish Christian groups and the main factors that affect the emergence of the movement will be tried to be determined. At the same time, I will discuss the historical process of the emergence of the movement and the breaking point of the Jews in the Christianization process. Finally, information will be given about the beliefs and practices of the Messianic Jews.</p></trans-abstract>
                                                                                                                                    <abstract><p>Mesihi Yahudilik, Protestan misyonerlerin Yahudilere yönelik Hıristiyanlaştırma faaliyeti sonucunda din değiştiren Yahudilerin zamanla kendi dini ve milli değerlerinden vazgeçmeden İsa’nın (Yeşua) tanrısal oğul ve beklenen Mesih olduğuna inanmanın mümkün olduğunu savunmaları ve bu görüş çerçevesinde çeşitli birlikler oluşturmaları ile ortaya çıkan yeni bir dini harekettir. Yahudilik ve Hıristiyanlık gibi iki köklü inancı senkretize ederek modern dönemde ortaya çıkan Mesihi Yahudiliğin tarihsel gelişimi ile inanç ve dini uygulamaları bu makalenin konusunu oluşturmaktadır. Bu çerçevede öncelikle Mesihi Yahudiliğin diğer Yahudi Hıristiyan gruplar arasındaki konumu ve hareketin doğuşuna etki eden temel faktörler tespit edilmeye çalışılacaktır. Aynı zamanda hareketin ortaya çıkışının tarihsel süreci kronolojik olarak incelenerek Yahudilerin Hıristiyan olma sürecindeki kırılma noktalarına ışık tutulacaktır. Son olarak Mesihi Yahudilerininanç ve uygulamaları hakkında bilgi verilecektir.</p></abstract>
                                                            
            
                                                                                        <kwd-group>
                                                    <kwd>Mesihi Yahudilik</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Yahudi-Hıristiyanlar</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Yeni Dini Hareketler</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Hıristiyanlık</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Yahudilik</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                            
                                                <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
                                                    <kwd>Messianic Judaism</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Jewish Christians</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Christianity</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Judaism</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  New Religious Movement</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                                                                                                        </article-meta>
    </front>
    <back>
                            <ref-list>
                                    <ref id="ref1">
                        <label>1</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Adıbelli, Ramazan. “İsa’nın ‘Meşiah’a Dönüşümü: Mesihi Yahudilikte Mesihlik Fenomeni”. İnsan ve Toplum Bilimleri Araştırmaları Dergisi, 5/2 (2016), 242-270.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref2">
                        <label>2</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Ariel, Yaakov. “A Different Kind of Dialogue? Messianic Judaism and Jewish Christian Relations”. CrossCurrents 62/3 (2012), 318–327.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref3">
                        <label>3</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Ariel, Yaakov. “Messianic Judaism”, The Jewish Annotated New Testament, Ed. Amy-Jill Levine and Marc Zvi Brettler, 756-759, New York: Oxford University Press, 2011.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref4">
                        <label>4</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Ariel, Yaakov. “Judaism and Christianity Unite! The Unique Culture of Messianic Judaism”. Introduction to New and Alternative Religions in America, ed. Eugene V. Gallagher, W. Michael Ashcraft, 2/191-221.  London: Greenwood Press, 2006.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref5">
                        <label>5</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Ariel, Yaakov. Evangelizing the Chosen People. London: The University of North Caroline Press, 2000.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref6">
                        <label>6</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Cohen, Akiya. “Messianic Jews in the Land of Israel”. Introduction to Messianic Judaism: Its Ecclesial Context and Biblical Foundations, ed. David Rudolph &amp; Joel Willits, 107-120 Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2013.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref7">
                        <label>7</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Cohn-Sherbok, Dan. “Modern Hebrew Christianity and Messianic Judaism”. The Image of the Judaeo-Christians in Ancient Jewish and Christian Literature. ed. Peter J. Tomson &amp; Doris Lambers-Petry, 287-298. Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2003, 287-298.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref8">
                        <label>8</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Cohn-Sherbok, Dan. Messianic Judaism, London and New York: Continuum, 2000.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref9">
                        <label>9</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Curtis, Rodney. “Evangelical Anglican missionaries and the London Jews Society: Palestine Place at Bethnal Green and related developments, 1813–1895”. Jewish Historical Studies 50/1 (2018), 69-100.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref10">
                        <label>10</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Darby, Michael R. The Emergence of the Hebrew Christian Movement in Nineteenth-Century Britain. Leiden: Brill, 2010.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref11">
                        <label>11</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Gidney, W. T. The History of the London Society for Promoting Christianity Amongst the Jews from 1809 to 1908. London: London Society for Promoting Christianity Amongst the Jews, 1908.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref12">
                        <label>12</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Greisiger, Lutz. “Israel in the Church and the Church in Israel: The Formation of Jewish Christian Communities as a Proselytising Strategy Within and Outside The German Pietist Mission to the Jews of the Eighteenth Century”. Pietism and Community in Europe and North America, 1650-1850. ed. Jonathan Strom. 129-153. Leiden, Boston: Brill, 2010.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref13">
                        <label>13</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Güngör, Ali İsra. Evanjelikler. İstanbul: İlgi Kültür Sanat Yayıncılık, 2016.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref14">
                        <label>14</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Hansen, Kai Kjær. &amp; Skjøtt, Bodil F. “Facts &amp; Myths About the Messianic Congregations in Israel”, Mishkan 30-31 (1999).</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref15">
                        <label>15</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Hansen, Kai Kjær. “Ben-Meir and Poljak About Operation Mercy”. Mishkan 61 (2009), 12-20.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref16">
                        <label>16</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Kinzer, Mark S.“Twenty-First Century Messianic Judaism: Evangelical and Post EvangelicalTrajectories”. Hebrew Studies 57, 2016, 359-366.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref17">
                        <label>17</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Kvarme, Ole Chr. M.  “Hebrew Christianity in the Holy Land from 1948 to the Present”, Mishkan 28 (1998), 43-54.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref18">
                        <label>18</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Nerel, Gershon. “ ‘Messianic Jews’ in Eretz-Israel (1917-1967) Trends and Changes in Shaping Self Identity”. Mishkan 27 (1997), 11-25.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref19">
                        <label>19</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Nerel, Gershon. “A ‘Messianic Jewish Church’ in Eretz-Israel?”. Mishkan 29 (1998), 44-58.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref20">
                        <label>20</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Nerel, Gershon. “Attempts to Establish a ‘Messianic Jewish Church’ in Eretz-Israel”. Mishkan 28 (1998), 28-35.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref21">
                        <label>21</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Nerel, Gershon. “Haim (Haimoff) Bar David: Restoring Apostolic Authority”. Mishkan 37 (2002), 58-77.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref22">
                        <label>22</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Nerel, Gershon. “Messianic Jews and the Modern Zionist Movement”. Israel and Yeshua, ed. Torleif Elgvin, 75-84. Jerusalem: Caspari Center for Biblical and 
Jewish Studies, 1993.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref23">
                        <label>23</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Rudolph, David. “Messianic Judaism in Antiquity and in the Modern Era”. Introduction to Messianic Judaism: Its Ecclesial Context and Biblical Foundations, ed. David Rudolph &amp; Joel Willits, 21-36, Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2013.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                            </ref-list>
                    </back>
    </article>
