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            <front>

                <journal-meta>
                                    <journal-id></journal-id>
            <journal-title-group>
                                                                                    <journal-title>Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi</journal-title>
            </journal-title-group>
                            <issn pub-type="ppub">2147-4958</issn>
                                        <issn pub-type="epub">2147-4419</issn>
                                                                                            <publisher>
                    <publisher-name>Dokuz Eylul University</publisher-name>
                </publisher>
                    </journal-meta>
                <article-meta>
                                        <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.69878/deuefad.1816591</article-id>
                                                                <article-categories>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="en">
                                                            <subject>Medieval European History</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="tr">
                                                            <subject>Ortaçağ Avrupa Tarihi</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                    </article-categories>
                                                                                                                                                        <title-group>
                                                                                                                                                            <trans-title-group xml:lang="tr">
                                    <trans-title>ORTAÇAĞ AVRUPASI’NDA TEMİZLİK KÜLTÜRÜ</trans-title>
                                </trans-title-group>
                                                                                                                                                                                                <article-title>THE CULTURE OF CLEANLINESS IN MEDIEVAL EUROPE</article-title>
                                                                                                    </title-group>
            
                                                    <contrib-group content-type="authors">
                                                                        <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7614-4428</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Karaimamoğlu</surname>
                                    <given-names>Tolgahan</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>MERSİN ÜNİVERSİTESİ</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                                                </contrib-group>
                        
                                        <pub-date pub-type="pub" iso-8601-date="20260429">
                    <day>04</day>
                    <month>29</month>
                    <year>2026</year>
                </pub-date>
                                        <volume>13</volume>
                                        <issue>1</issue>
                                        <fpage>175</fpage>
                                        <lpage>188</lpage>
                        
                        <history>
                                    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="20251103">
                        <day>11</day>
                        <month>03</month>
                        <year>2025</year>
                    </date>
                                                    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="20260202">
                        <day>02</day>
                        <month>02</month>
                        <year>2026</year>
                    </date>
                            </history>
                                        <permissions>
                    <copyright-statement>Copyright © 2011, Dokuz Eylül University Journal of Humanities</copyright-statement>
                    <copyright-year>2011</copyright-year>
                    <copyright-holder>Dokuz Eylül University Journal of Humanities</copyright-holder>
                </permissions>
            
                                                                                                                        <trans-abstract xml:lang="tr">
                            <p>Ortaçağ Avrupası genellikle temizlikten uzak, kirli bir dönem olarak tasvir edilse de bu yargı tartışmaya açık durumdadır. Modern film ve kitapların etkisiyle güçlenen bu olumsuz imajın aksine, dönemin insanları mevcut koşullar içinde temiz kalmaya özen göstermişlerdir. Banyo yapmak, saç ve tırnak bakımı ile diş temizliği gibi alışkanlıklar hem aristokratlar hem de halk arasında mevcuttur. Nehirlerde yıkanmaya çalışan insanların varlığı, çamaşırcı kadınların faaliyetleri ve temizlik malzemelerinin ticareti, temizlik kültürünün gündelik yaşamın bir parçası olduğunu göstermektedir. Özellikle kraliyet çevreleri ve soylular, banyo ve kişisel bakım hizmetlerini daha sistemli biçimde sürdürmüşlerdir. Bununla birlikte, şehirlerin genel temizliği büyük bir sorun olmaya devam etmiştir. Kanalizasyon altyapısının yetersizliği, sokakların ve su kaynaklarının kirlenmesine yol açmıştır. Nüfus artışı çevresel baskıları artırmış, frenginin yayılmasıyla birlikte hamam kültürü gerilemiştir. Buna karşılık, üst sınıflar arasında temiz kıyafetler, hoş kokular ve dış görünüşe verilen önem giderek hijyenin yerini almıştır. Bu çalışma, Ortaçağ Avrupa toplumunda temizliğin rolünü, kültürel temelleri ve dönemin algıları çerçevesinde ele almaktadır.</p></trans-abstract>
                                                                                                                                    <abstract><p>Although Medieval Europe is generally depicted as a period distant from cleanliness and dirty, this judgment is open to debate. Contrary to the negative image reinforced by modern films and literature, people of the period took care to maintain cleanliness within the limits of their circumstances. Practices such as bathing, hair and nail care, and dental hygiene were observed among both the aristocracy and the common people. The presence of individuals bathing in rivers, the activities of washerwomen, and the trade of cleaning products all indicate that cleanliness was an integral part of daily life. In particular, the royal court and the nobility maintained more systematic bathing and personal care routines. However, urban sanitation remained a significant problem. The inadequacy of sewer infrastructure led to the pollution of streets and water sources. Population growth increased environmental pressures, and with the spread of syphilis, the bathhouse culture declined. In response, among the upper classes, the emphasis on clean clothing, pleasant scents, and outward appearance gradually replaced the earlier focus on hygiene. This study examines the role of cleanliness in Medieval European society within the framework of its cultural foundations and contemporary perceptions.</p></abstract>
                                                            
            
                                                                                                                    <kwd-group>
                                                    <kwd>England</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  cleanliness</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  public bath</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  soap</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  rivers.</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                            
                                                                            <kwd-group xml:lang="tr">
                                                    <kwd>İngiltere</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  temizlik</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  hamam</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  sabun</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  nehirler</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                                                                                                        </article-meta>
    </front>
    <back>
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