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Voleybol Antrenörlerine Uygulanan Önleyici Ses Terapisi Etkililiğinin Belirlenmesi

Year 2024, Volume: 7 Issue: 3, 257 - 276, 31.12.2024
https://doi.org/10.58563/dkyad-2024.73.1

Abstract

Amaç: Voleybol antrenörlerinin; maçlarda ve antrenmanlarda arka plan gürültüsü varlığında seslerini duyurabilmek amacıyla seslerini yüksek şiddette ve kontrolsüzce kullandıkları gözlenmektedir. Bu durum, voleybol antrenörlerinin ses bozuklukları açısından risk altında olduğunu göstermektedir. Alanyazında sporcuların ve antrenörlerin ses farkındalığı, ses kullanımı ve sese ilişkin bilgileri üzerine benzer araştırmalar mevcut olsa da sınırlıdır. Bu araştırma; voleybol antrenörlerinin ses sorunlarını belirlemeyi, mevcut bir ses bozukluğu durumunda onlara uygulanan Vokal Fonksiyon Egzersizlerinin ve Vokal Hijyenin önleyici etkililiğinin belirlenmesini amaçlamaktadır.

Yöntem: Bu araştırma tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel terapi etkililiği çalışmasıdır. Bu araştırma İstanbul’da yaşayan voleybol antrenörleri ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmaya; 15 sağlıklı katılımcı (7 kadın, 8 erkek; yaş ortalaması 26.22±4.86), dahil edilmiştir. Araştırmanın verileri Ses Handikap Endeksi-10 (SHE-10) ve Ses Yorgunluğu Ölçeği (SYÖ) ile toplanmıştır. Buna ek olarak akustik ve algısal ses analizi yapılmıştır. Kapsamlı bir değerlendirmenin ardından katılımcılara 4 haftalık süre boyunca vokal hijyen uygulamaları ve vokal fonksiyon egzersizleri uygulanmıştır.

Bulgular: Vokal fonksiyon egzersizleri ve vokal hijyen uygulamaları sonucunda SHE-10 (p=0.010), Ses Yorgunluğu Ölçeğinin sesteki yorgunluk (p=0.004) ve fiziksel rahatsızlık (p=0.004) alt testleri, maksimum fonasyon süresi (p=0.031), jitter (p=0.036) ve NHR (p=0.001) parametreleri açısından gruplar arasında farklılık belirlenmiştir. Sağlıklı erkek katılımcılarda SYÖ’nün fiziksel rahatsızlık, maksimum fonasyon süresi, jitter değişkenlerinde anlamlı farklılık bulunmuştur. Sağlıklı kadın katılımcılarda ise terapi öncesi ve sonrası karşılaştırıldığında yalnızca sesteki yorgunluk değişkeni anlamlı farklılık göstermiştir.

Sonuç: Ses bozukluklarının önlenmesi veya mevcut sorunların çözülmesi için ses profesyonellerinin ses hijyenine önem vermeleri ve farkındalıklarını arttırmaları büyük önem taşımaktadır. Voleybol antrenörlerinin ses farkındalıklarına ve antrenörlerin ses terapisinden sağladıkları faydaya yönelik çalışmalar sınırlıdır. Çalışmaya katılan voleybol antrenörlerinin terapi öncesinde verdikleri yanıtlara göre sese ilişkin farkındalıklarının ve bilgilerinin düşük olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bu çalışmanın bulguları göz önüne alındığında, konuyu daha detaylı bir şekilde ele almak için daha büyük örneklem büyüklüğü ve çeşitli spor antrenörleri ile yeni araştırmalar dizayn edilebilir.

References

  • Arffa, R. E., Krishna, P., Gartner-Schmidt, J., & Rosen, C. A. (2012). Normative values for the Voice Handicap Index-10. Journal of Voice, 26(4), 462–465. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.04.006
  • Aronson, A. E., & Bless, D. M. (2009). Clinical voice disorders (4th ed.). Thieme Medical Publishers.
  • Andriollo, D. B., Bastilha, G. R., Frigo, L. F., & Cielo, C. A. (2020). Vocal characteristics of athletes from an American football team. Research, Society and Development, 9(4). https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i4.2813
  • Awan, S. N., & Frenkel, M. L. (1994). Improvements in estimating the harmonics-to-noise ratio of the voice. Journal of Voice, 8(3), 255–262.
  • Behlau, M., Madazio, G., Pacheco, C., Vaiano, T., Badaró, F., & Barbara, M. (2023). Coaching strategies for behavioral voice therapy and training. Journal of Voice, 37(2), 295.e1–295.e10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.12.039
  • Buckley, K. L., O’Halloran, P. D., & Oates, J. M. (2014). Occupational vocal health of elite sports coaches: An exploratory pilot study of football coaches. Journal of Voice, 29(4), 476–483. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2014.09.017
  • Child, D. R., & Johnson, T. S. (1991). Preventable and nonpreventable causes of voice disorders. Seminars in Speech and Language, 12(1), 1–13.
  • Eckel, F. C., & Boone, D. R. (1981). The S/Z ratio as an indicator of laryngeal pathology. The Journal of Speech and Hearing Disorders, 46(2), 147–149. https://doi.org/10.1044/jshd.4602.147
  • Fellman, D., & Simberg, S. (2017). Prevalence and risk factors for voice problems among soccer coaches. Journal of Voice, 31(1), 121.e9–121.e15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.02.003
  • Fernandes, J. F. T., Freitas, D., Junior, A. C., & Teixeira, J. P. (2023). Determination of harmonic parameters in pathological voices—Efficient algorithm. Applied Sciences, 13(4), 2333. https://doi.org/10.3390/app13042333
  • Finger, L. S., Cielo, C. A., & Schwarz, K. (2009). Acoustic vocal measures in women without voice complaints and with normal larynxes. Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology, 75(3), 432–440. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1808-8694(15)30663-7
  • Fontan, L., Fraval, M., Michon, A., Déjean, S., & Gieussue, W. M. (2017). Vocal problems in sports and fitness instructors: A study of prevalence, risk factors, and need for prevention in France. Journal of Voice, 31(2), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.04.014
  • Güven, A., & Cangökçe, Ö. (2009). Sağlıklı Yetişkinlerde Cinsiyet ve Eğitim Düzeyinin Maksimum Fonasyon Süresi Üzerindeki Etkisi. Journal of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 22(1), 12-17.
  • Jacobson, B.H., Johnson, A., Grywalski, C., Silbergleit, A., Jacobson, G., Benninger, M.S. and Newman, C.W. (1997) The Voice Handicap Index (VHI): Development and Validation. American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 6, 66-70. https://doi.org/10.1044/1058-0360.0603.66
  • Kaufmann, T. J., & Johnson, T. S. (1991). An exemplary preventative voice program for educators. Seminars in Speech and Language, 12(1), 40–48.
  • Kent, R. D., Kent, J. F., & Rosenbek, J. C. (1987). Maximum performance tests of speech production. The Journal of Speech and Hearing Disorders, 52(4), 367–387. https://doi.org/10.1044/jshd.5204.367
  • Khalaf, Z., Zaky, E., Fatah, S. A. E., El-Hakeem, W. H. A., & Wahab, M. A. E. (2022). The effect of sport performance in voice disorders in athletes. Minia Journal of Medical Research, 33(1), 19–23. https://doi.org/10.21608/mjmr.2022.255598
  • Kılıç, M. A., Okur, E., YıIdırım, İ., Öğüt, F., Denizoğlu, İ., & Kızılay, A. (2008). Ses Handikap Endeksi (Voice Handicap Index) Türkçe versiyonunun güvenilirliği ve geçerliliği. Kulak Burun Bogaz Ihtisas Dergisi, 18(3), 139–147.
  • Kılıç, M. A. (2019). Objektif ses analizi. In E. N. Özüdoğru (Ed.), Ses bozukluklarına güncel yaklaşım (pp. 33–39). Türkiye Klinikleri.
  • Kılıç, M. A. (2021). Ses bozukluklarında değerlendirme yöntemleri. In F. Öz, H. Coşkun, & S. Şirin (Eds.), Her Yönüyle Larengoloji (pp. 70–80). Ankara Nobel Tıp Kitabevleri.
  • Mehta, D. D., & Hillman, R. E. (2008). Voice assessment: updates on perceptual, acoustic, aerodynamic, and endoscopic imaging methods. Current opinion in otolaryngology & head and neck surgery, 16(3), 211–215. https://doi.org/10.1097/MOO.0b013e3282fe96ce
  • Nanjundeswaran, C., Jacobson, B. H., Gartner-Schmidt, J., & Verdolini Abbott, K. (2015). Vocal fatigue index (VFI). Journal of Voice, 29(4), 433–440. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2014.09.012
  • Rosen, C. A., Lee, A. S., Osborne, J., Zullo, T., & Murry, T. (2004). Development and validation of the voice handicap index-10. The Laryngoscope, 114(9), 1549–1556. https://doi.org/10.1097/00005537-200409000-00009
  • Roy, N., Merrill, R. M., Thibeault, S., Parsa, R. A., Gray, S. D., & Smith, E. M. (2004). Prevalence of voice disorders in teachers and the general population. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 47(2), 281–293.
  • Sataloff, R. T., & Kost, K. M. (2020). The effects of age on the voice, part 2. Journal of Singing, 77(2), 205–213.
  • Solomon, N. P. (2008). Vocal fatigue and its relation to vocal hyperfunction. International Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 10(4), 254–266. https://doi.org/10.1080/14417040701730990
  • Stemple J.C, & Hapner, E.R (2014). Voice therapy: Clinical case studies (4th ed.). San Diego (CA): Plural Publishing.
  • Stemple, J. C., Lee, L., D'Amico, B., & Pickup, B. (1994). Efficacy of vocal function exercises as a method of improving voice production. Journal of voice, 8(3), 271-278.
  • Stemple, J. C., Roy, N., & Klaben, B. K. (2020). Clinical voice pathology: Theory and management (6th ed.). San Diego, CA: Plural Publishing, Inc.
  • Şirin, S. (2019). Türkçe Ses Yorgunluğu Ölçeği’nin geçerlilik ve güvenilirliği. Ege Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Yüksek Lisans Tezi.
  • Van Houtte, E., Van Lierde, K., Wuyts, F., & Claeys, S. (2011). The impact of voice disorders among teachers: Vocal complaints, treatment-seeking behavior, knowledge of vocal care, and voice-related absenteeism. Journal of Voice, 25(5), 570–575. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2010.04.008
  • Verdolini, K., & Ramig, L. O. (2001). Occupational risks for voice problems. Logopedics Phoniatrics Vocology, 26(1), 37-46.
  • Vincent, I., & Emm, M. J. (2023). The effects of collegiate sports coaching on the male voice: Pilot data. Journal of Voice, 37(1), 145.e7–145.e18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.11.021
  • Weston, Z., & Schneider, S. L. (2023). Demystifying vocal hygiene: Considerations for professional voice users. Current Otorhinolaryngology Reports, 11(4), 387–394.

Determining the Efficacy of Preventive Voice Therapy to Volleyball Coaches

Year 2024, Volume: 7 Issue: 3, 257 - 276, 31.12.2024
https://doi.org/10.58563/dkyad-2024.73.1

Abstract

ABSTRACT
Purpose: In the presence of background noise during matches and training sessions. volleyball coaches often have to raise their voices to a high and uncontrolled level in order to make themselves heard. Thus, they end up being at risk for voice disorders due to the incorrect use of their voices. Although there are studies in the literature on voice awareness, voice use and voice related knowledge of athletes and coaches, studies on this subject are limited. This research aims to identify voice problems in volleyball coaches and determine the effectiveness of vocal function exercises and vocal hygiene therapy if voice disorders are present. The study also aims to examine the differences in voice problems between female and male participants.

Method: This study is a descriptive, cross-sectional therapy efficacy study. The study was conducted with volleyball coaches residing in Istanbul. Turkey. The participants included 16 coaches, (7 female, 8 male; mean age 26,22±4,86). Data were collected using Voice Handicap Index-10 (VHI-10) and Voice Fatigue Scale (VFS). Additionally, acoustic and perceptual voice analyses were carried out. After comprehensive assessment, coaches received therapy consisting of vocal hygiene and vocal function exercises for a 4 week period. The same data collection process was repeated at the end of four weeks and participants’ pre-test and post-test scores were compared. The data was also analysed in terms of gender.

Results: The use of vocal function exercises and vocal hygiene therapy resulted in a significant difference between the pre- ant post-test scoresin terms of the Voice Handicap Index-10 (p = 0,007), Voice Fatigue Scale’s vocal fatigue (p=0,004) and physical discomfort (p=0.004) subtests, maximum phonation time (p=0,031), jitter (p = 0,036) and NHR (p=0,001). Significant differences were found the physical discomfort, MPT, and jitter variables of the VFS in healthy male participants. In healthy female participants, only the vocal fatigue variable showed a significant difference when pre- and post-test scores were compared

Conclusion: It is crucial for voice professionals to give priority to vocal hygiene and raise their awareness in order to prevent voice disorders or resolve present problems. There is a lack of research on volleyball coaches' vocal awareness and the benefits they derive from voice therapy. Prior to therapy the responses of the volleyball coaches who participated in the study were found to demonstrate limited awareness and knowledge related to voice in their responses. Given the findings of this study, further research can be designed with a larger sample size and including coaches of diverse sports to enhance knowledge on this topic.

References

  • Arffa, R. E., Krishna, P., Gartner-Schmidt, J., & Rosen, C. A. (2012). Normative values for the Voice Handicap Index-10. Journal of Voice, 26(4), 462–465. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.04.006
  • Aronson, A. E., & Bless, D. M. (2009). Clinical voice disorders (4th ed.). Thieme Medical Publishers.
  • Andriollo, D. B., Bastilha, G. R., Frigo, L. F., & Cielo, C. A. (2020). Vocal characteristics of athletes from an American football team. Research, Society and Development, 9(4). https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i4.2813
  • Awan, S. N., & Frenkel, M. L. (1994). Improvements in estimating the harmonics-to-noise ratio of the voice. Journal of Voice, 8(3), 255–262.
  • Behlau, M., Madazio, G., Pacheco, C., Vaiano, T., Badaró, F., & Barbara, M. (2023). Coaching strategies for behavioral voice therapy and training. Journal of Voice, 37(2), 295.e1–295.e10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.12.039
  • Buckley, K. L., O’Halloran, P. D., & Oates, J. M. (2014). Occupational vocal health of elite sports coaches: An exploratory pilot study of football coaches. Journal of Voice, 29(4), 476–483. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2014.09.017
  • Child, D. R., & Johnson, T. S. (1991). Preventable and nonpreventable causes of voice disorders. Seminars in Speech and Language, 12(1), 1–13.
  • Eckel, F. C., & Boone, D. R. (1981). The S/Z ratio as an indicator of laryngeal pathology. The Journal of Speech and Hearing Disorders, 46(2), 147–149. https://doi.org/10.1044/jshd.4602.147
  • Fellman, D., & Simberg, S. (2017). Prevalence and risk factors for voice problems among soccer coaches. Journal of Voice, 31(1), 121.e9–121.e15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.02.003
  • Fernandes, J. F. T., Freitas, D., Junior, A. C., & Teixeira, J. P. (2023). Determination of harmonic parameters in pathological voices—Efficient algorithm. Applied Sciences, 13(4), 2333. https://doi.org/10.3390/app13042333
  • Finger, L. S., Cielo, C. A., & Schwarz, K. (2009). Acoustic vocal measures in women without voice complaints and with normal larynxes. Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology, 75(3), 432–440. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1808-8694(15)30663-7
  • Fontan, L., Fraval, M., Michon, A., Déjean, S., & Gieussue, W. M. (2017). Vocal problems in sports and fitness instructors: A study of prevalence, risk factors, and need for prevention in France. Journal of Voice, 31(2), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.04.014
  • Güven, A., & Cangökçe, Ö. (2009). Sağlıklı Yetişkinlerde Cinsiyet ve Eğitim Düzeyinin Maksimum Fonasyon Süresi Üzerindeki Etkisi. Journal of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 22(1), 12-17.
  • Jacobson, B.H., Johnson, A., Grywalski, C., Silbergleit, A., Jacobson, G., Benninger, M.S. and Newman, C.W. (1997) The Voice Handicap Index (VHI): Development and Validation. American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 6, 66-70. https://doi.org/10.1044/1058-0360.0603.66
  • Kaufmann, T. J., & Johnson, T. S. (1991). An exemplary preventative voice program for educators. Seminars in Speech and Language, 12(1), 40–48.
  • Kent, R. D., Kent, J. F., & Rosenbek, J. C. (1987). Maximum performance tests of speech production. The Journal of Speech and Hearing Disorders, 52(4), 367–387. https://doi.org/10.1044/jshd.5204.367
  • Khalaf, Z., Zaky, E., Fatah, S. A. E., El-Hakeem, W. H. A., & Wahab, M. A. E. (2022). The effect of sport performance in voice disorders in athletes. Minia Journal of Medical Research, 33(1), 19–23. https://doi.org/10.21608/mjmr.2022.255598
  • Kılıç, M. A., Okur, E., YıIdırım, İ., Öğüt, F., Denizoğlu, İ., & Kızılay, A. (2008). Ses Handikap Endeksi (Voice Handicap Index) Türkçe versiyonunun güvenilirliği ve geçerliliği. Kulak Burun Bogaz Ihtisas Dergisi, 18(3), 139–147.
  • Kılıç, M. A. (2019). Objektif ses analizi. In E. N. Özüdoğru (Ed.), Ses bozukluklarına güncel yaklaşım (pp. 33–39). Türkiye Klinikleri.
  • Kılıç, M. A. (2021). Ses bozukluklarında değerlendirme yöntemleri. In F. Öz, H. Coşkun, & S. Şirin (Eds.), Her Yönüyle Larengoloji (pp. 70–80). Ankara Nobel Tıp Kitabevleri.
  • Mehta, D. D., & Hillman, R. E. (2008). Voice assessment: updates on perceptual, acoustic, aerodynamic, and endoscopic imaging methods. Current opinion in otolaryngology & head and neck surgery, 16(3), 211–215. https://doi.org/10.1097/MOO.0b013e3282fe96ce
  • Nanjundeswaran, C., Jacobson, B. H., Gartner-Schmidt, J., & Verdolini Abbott, K. (2015). Vocal fatigue index (VFI). Journal of Voice, 29(4), 433–440. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2014.09.012
  • Rosen, C. A., Lee, A. S., Osborne, J., Zullo, T., & Murry, T. (2004). Development and validation of the voice handicap index-10. The Laryngoscope, 114(9), 1549–1556. https://doi.org/10.1097/00005537-200409000-00009
  • Roy, N., Merrill, R. M., Thibeault, S., Parsa, R. A., Gray, S. D., & Smith, E. M. (2004). Prevalence of voice disorders in teachers and the general population. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 47(2), 281–293.
  • Sataloff, R. T., & Kost, K. M. (2020). The effects of age on the voice, part 2. Journal of Singing, 77(2), 205–213.
  • Solomon, N. P. (2008). Vocal fatigue and its relation to vocal hyperfunction. International Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 10(4), 254–266. https://doi.org/10.1080/14417040701730990
  • Stemple J.C, & Hapner, E.R (2014). Voice therapy: Clinical case studies (4th ed.). San Diego (CA): Plural Publishing.
  • Stemple, J. C., Lee, L., D'Amico, B., & Pickup, B. (1994). Efficacy of vocal function exercises as a method of improving voice production. Journal of voice, 8(3), 271-278.
  • Stemple, J. C., Roy, N., & Klaben, B. K. (2020). Clinical voice pathology: Theory and management (6th ed.). San Diego, CA: Plural Publishing, Inc.
  • Şirin, S. (2019). Türkçe Ses Yorgunluğu Ölçeği’nin geçerlilik ve güvenilirliği. Ege Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Yüksek Lisans Tezi.
  • Van Houtte, E., Van Lierde, K., Wuyts, F., & Claeys, S. (2011). The impact of voice disorders among teachers: Vocal complaints, treatment-seeking behavior, knowledge of vocal care, and voice-related absenteeism. Journal of Voice, 25(5), 570–575. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2010.04.008
  • Verdolini, K., & Ramig, L. O. (2001). Occupational risks for voice problems. Logopedics Phoniatrics Vocology, 26(1), 37-46.
  • Vincent, I., & Emm, M. J. (2023). The effects of collegiate sports coaching on the male voice: Pilot data. Journal of Voice, 37(1), 145.e7–145.e18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.11.021
  • Weston, Z., & Schneider, S. L. (2023). Demystifying vocal hygiene: Considerations for professional voice users. Current Otorhinolaryngology Reports, 11(4), 387–394.
There are 34 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Speech Pathology
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Fenise Selin Karalı 0000-0003-1513-9219

Samet Tosun 0000-0002-9604-7430

Zeynep Özge Sara 0009-0008-3846-9951

Publication Date December 31, 2024
Submission Date July 4, 2024
Acceptance Date December 6, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 7 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Karalı, F. S., Tosun, S., & Sara, Z. Ö. (2024). Voleybol Antrenörlerine Uygulanan Önleyici Ses Terapisi Etkililiğinin Belirlenmesi. Dil Konuşma Ve Yutma Araştırmaları Dergisi, 7(3), 257-276. https://doi.org/10.58563/dkyad-2024.73.1