Doğuş Üniversitesi Dergisi 1308-6979 Dogus University SAĞLIK HARCAMALARININ EKONOMİK BÜYÜME ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİ: OECD ÜLKELERİ ÜZERİNE BİR PANEL REGRESYON ANALİZİ THE EFFECT OF HEALTH EXPENDITURES ON ECONOMIC GROWTH: A PANEL REGRESSION ANALYSIS ON OECD COUNTRIES Çetin Murat Bozok Üniversitesi İİBF, İktisat Bölümü Ecevit Eyyup Bozok Üniversitesi İİBF, İktisat Bölümü 07 01 2010 11 2 166 182 Copyright © 2000, Dogus University Journal 2000 Dogus University Journal

Son yıllarda, ekonomik büyüme literatürüne yapılan teorik ve ampirik katkılar, ekonomik büyüme sürecinde beşeri sermayenin rolünü vurgulamaktadır. Ampirik çalışmaların büyük bir kısmı, genellikle eğitim ile ekonomik büyüme arasındaki ilişki üzerinde yoğunlaşmaktadır. Bu çalışmada ise, sağlığın ekonomik büyüme üzerindeki etkisi bir panel veri analizi ile test edilmektedir. Çalışma, 15 OECD ülkesine ilişkin 1990-2006 dönemi yıllık verilerini içerir. Analizlerde, diğer açıklayıcı değişkenlerin yanı sıra, kamu sağlık harcamalarının toplam sağlık harcamaları içindeki payı kullanılmıştır. Sağlık harcamaları ile ekonomik büyüme arasındaki ilişki, Havuzlanmış Regresyon Modeli çerçevesinde panel OLS metodu ile tahmin edilmiştir. Ampirik sonuçlara göre, sağlık harcamaları ile ekonomik büyüme arasında istatistikî olarak anlamlı bir ilişki tespit edilememiştir.

In recent years, theoretical and empirical studies in the economic growth literature emphasize the role of human capital in the process of economic growth. In general, most of the empirical studies have centered on the relation between education and economic growth. In this study, the effect of health on economic growth has been tested by a panel data analysis. This study consists of annual data of 15 OECD countries for the period from 1990 to 2006. In the analyses, the share of public health expenditures in total health expenditures as well as other explanatory variables has been employed. The relationship between health expenditures and economic growth was estimated in Pooled Regression Model by the panel OLS method. As a result, we haven’t found any statistically significant relationship between health expenditures and economic growth

 Kamu Sağlık Harcamaları Ekonomik Büyüme Havuzlanmış Regresyon Modeli Panel Veri Analizi Public Health Expenditures Economic Growth Pooled Regression Model Panel Data Analysis ATUN, R., FITZPATRICK, S. (2005). Advancing economic growth: investing in health, A summary of the issues discussed at a Chatham House conference held on 22–23 June, 2005. BALTAGI, B. H. (2005). Econometric analysis of panel data, 3rd ed., John Wiley and Sons Ltd. BARRO, R. (1996). Three models of health and economic growth, Unpublished Manuscript, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University. BHARGAVA, A., JAMISON, D.T., LAU, L. (2000). Modeling the effects of health on economic growth. GPE Discussion Paper Series, 33, 1-33. ss. BLOOM, D.E., CANNING, D. (2000). The health and wealth of nations, Science, 287, 1207- 1209. ss. BLOOM, D.E., CANNING, D., SEVILLA, J. (2001). The effect of health on economic growth: theory and evidence, National Bureau of Economic Research Working Paper, no. 8587. BREITUNG J. (2000). The local power of some unit root tests for panel data, Advances in Econometrics, 15, 161-177. ss. DREGER, C., REIMERS H. E. (2005). Health care expenditures in OECD countries: a panel unit root and cointegration analysis, IZA Discussion Paper, 1469, 1-20. ss. ECEVİT, E., ÇİFTCİ, F. (2008). The relationship between health and economic growth in terms of cointegration and causality tests: the case of Turkey, 1960-2005, International Sustainable Development Strategies, Baie Mare North University, 17-19 September. ERDIL, E., YETKINER, H. (2004). A panel data approach for ıncome-health causality, [Erişim adresi: <http://ideas.repec.org/p/sgc/wpaper/47.html>, Erişim Tarihi: 08.03.2010]. GROSSMAN, M. (1972). On the concept of health capital and the demand for health, Journal of Political Economy, 80, 223-255. ss. GUJARATI, D. N. (2004). Basic econometrics, 4th ed., The McGraw-Hill Companies. GYIMAH, K.B., WILSON, M. (2004). Health human capital and economic growth in Sub- Saharan African and OECD countries, The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, 44(2), 296-320. ss. HADRI, K. (2000). Testing for stationarity in heterogeneous panel data, Econometrics Journal, 3, 148-161. ss. HAMOUDI, A.A., SACHS, J. (1999). Economic consequences of health status: a review of the evidence, CID Working Papers Series, No. 30. HESHMATI, A. (2001). On the causality between GDP and health care expenditure in augmented solow growth model, SSE/EFI Working Paper Series in Economics and Finance, 423, 1-19. ss. IM, K.S., PESARAN, M.H., SHIN, Y. (2003). Testing for unit roots in heterogeneous panels, Journal of Econometrics, 115, 53-74. ss. JOHNSTON, J., DINARDO, J. (1997). Econometric methods, 4th ed., McGraw-Hill. KAR, M., AĞIR, M. (2003). Human capital and economic growth in Turkey: causality test, II: National Information, Economy and Management Congress Announcement Book, Derbent- İzmir, 181-190. ss. KOYING, C., YOUNG-HSIANG, Y. (2006). Economic growth, human capital investment, and health expenditure : a study of OECD countries, Hitotsubashi Journal of Economics, 47(1), 1-16. ss. KÖK, R., ŞİMŞEK, N. (2009). Panel veri analizi, [Erişim adresi: <www.deu.edu.tr/ userweb/recep.kok/ dosyalar/panel2.pdf>, Erişim tarihi: 20.02.2009]. LEVIN, A., LIN, C-F., CHU, C-S. J. (2002). Unit root tests in panel data: asymptotic and finite- sample properties, Journal of Econometrics, 108, 1-24. ss. LUCAS, R. E. (1988). On the mechanics of economic development, Journal of Monetary Economics, 22(1), 3-42. ss. LUSTING, N. (2004). Investing in health for economic development, 1st ed., Mexico. MANKIW, N.G., ROMER, D., WEIL, D. (1992). A contribution to the empirics of economic growth, Quarterly Journal of Economics, 107(2), 407-437. ss. MUSHKIN, S.J. (1962). Health as an investment. Journal of Political Economy, 70, 129-157. ss. OECD (1998). Human capital investment: an international comparison, Paris: OECD. PAZARLIOĞLU, V., GÜRLER, Ö.K. (2007). Telekomünikasyon yatırımları ve ekonomik büyüme: panel veri yaklaşımı. Finans, Politik-Ekonomik Yorumlar, 44(508), 35-43. ss. REINHART, V.R. (1999). Death and taxes: their implications for Endogenous growth, Economics Letters, 92, 339-345. ss. ROMER, P.M. (1986). Increasing returns and long run growth, Journal of Political Economy, 94, 1002-1037. ss. ROMER, P.M. (1990). Endogenous technological change, Journal of Political Economy, 98(5), 71-102. ss. SACHS, J.D. (2001). Macroeconomics and health: investing in health for economic development, report of the commission on macroeconomics and health, World Health Organization, Switzerland. SORKIN, A.L. (1977). Health economics in developing countries, Lexington, MA: Lexington Books. STRAUSS, J., THOMAS, D. (1998). Health, nutrition and economic development, Journal of Economic Literature, 36, 766-817. ss. TABAN, S. (2005). Türkiye’de sağlık ve ekonomik büyüme ilişkisi: nedensellik testi, [Erişim adresi: <http://iibf.ogu.edu.tr/kongre/bildiriler/01-01.pdf>, Erişim tarihi: 19.06.2009]. TEMİZ, D., KORKMAZ, S. (2007). Türkiye’de sağlık ve ekonomik büyüme ilişkisi: 1965- 2005, TUIK 16’ncı İstatistik Araştırmaları Sempozyumu, Ankara, 266-278. ss. WEILL, D.N. (2006). Accounting for the effect of health on economic growth, NBER Working. Paper, 11455, 1-58. ss. WOOLDRIDGE, J.M. (2003). Econometric analysis of cross section and panel data, The MIT Press., Cambridge. WORLD BANK (1993), World development report: investing in health. New York: Oxford University Press.