THE BACTERIAL SPECIES FOUND IN THE FECAL MATTER OF EUROPEAN BROWN RABBIT (Lepus europaeus Pallas,1778)

Year 2017, Issue: 038, 45 - 52, 30.06.2017

Ahmet Selçuk Özen , Zeynep Maide Ercan Barış Ayhan Yılmaz

Abstract

This study is based on the detection of
bacterial species found in the fecal matter of European Brown rabbit (Lepus europaeus). The laboratory
analysis of fecal matters are performed in two different periods. As a result,
total nine bacterial species as Gram positive (+) ; Kocuira rosea , Aerococcus viridans , Staphylococcus warneri ,
Staphylococcus saprophyticus and
Bacillus cereus and as Gram negative (-); Rhizobium radiobacter , Klebsiella pneumoniae , Klebsiella oxytoca and
Echerichia coli were detected. Basillus cereus, among these nine
species, was the only one forming endospores. This study states that the
detected eight  bacterial species was
noticed for  the relationship between
rabbit and human because of their shared oppurtinistic behaviors both in
rabbits and humans.

Keywords

Lepus europaeus, European brown rabit, fecal matter, bacteria

AVRUPA KAHVERENGİ TAVŞANI (Lepus europaeus Pallas,1778)’NIN DIŞKISINDA BULUNAN BAKTERİ TÜRLERİ

Abstract

Bu çalışma, Avrupa Kahverengi tavşanının (Lepus
europaeus) dışkısında bulunan bakteri türlerinin tespitine dayanmaktadır.
Dışkıların laboratuvar analizi iki farklı periyotta gerçekleştirilmiştir.
Sonuçta, Gram positifler (+) olarak Kocuira rosea, Aerococcus viridans,
Staphylococcus warneri, Staphylococcus saprophyticus ile Bacillus cereus ve
Gram negatif (-) olarak Rhizobium radiobacter, Klebsiella pneumoniae,
Klebsiella oxytoca ve Echerichia coli olarak toplam dokuz bakteri türü tespit edilmiştir.
Bu dokuz tür arasından Bacillus cereus, endosporlar oluşturan tek türdür. Bu
çalışma, tavşanlar ile insanların ortak olarak sahip oldukları fırsatçı
davranışlarından dolayı tavşan ve insan arasındaki ilişkiye dikkat çeken sekiz
bakteri türünün tespit edildiğini belirtmektedir. 

Keywords

Lepus europaeus, Avrupa kahverengi tavşanı, dışkı, bakteriler

References

• [1] Kurtonur, C., Albayrak, İ., Kıvanç, E., Kefelioğlu, H., and Özkan, B., Türkiye Omurgalılar (Memeliler) Tür Listesi, Nurol Matbaacılık A.Ş. , Ankara. (in Turkish), (1996).
• [2] Demirbaş, Y., Albayrak, İ., The taxonomic status and geographic distribution of the European hare (Lepus europaeus Pallas , 1778) in Turkey (Mammalia : Lagomorpha), Turk J. Zool 38, 1-12, (2014).
• [3] Wilson, D.E. and Reeder, D.M., Mammals Species of the World : A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference , 3rd ed. The Johns Hopkins University Press , Baltimore, (2005).
• [4] Kumerloeve, H. , Die Sövgetiere (Mammalia) der Türkei. Veröff. Zool. Staatssamml. 18, 69 – 158 (in German), (1975).
• [5] Demirbaş, Y., A study on the Ecology of Brown Hare (Lepus europaeus Pallas , 1778) in Turkey, Fırat Üniv. Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 25 (2), 115-120, (2013).
• [6] Demirbaş, Y., Albayrak, İ., Türkiye Yaban Tavşanının Bugünkü Durumu , Türk Bilimsel Derlemeler Dergisi, 6 (1),192-194,(2013).
• [7] Oğurlu, İ., Habitat Use and Food Habits of Brown Hare (Lepus europaeus Pallas) in a Woodland, Doğa-Tr. J. of Zool., 21:4, 381-398, (1997).
• [8] Demirbaş, Y., Aşan, N., Albayrak, İ., Cytogenetic study on the European Brown hare (Lepus europaeus Pallas,1778) (Mammalia:Lagomorpha) in Turkey,Turk J.Biol 34,247-252,(2010).
• [9] Arslan, A., Cytogenetic Studies on European Brown Hare, Lepus europaeus Pallas, 1778 (Lagomorpha:Leporidae) in Turkey, Kafkas Üniv. Vet. Fak. Derg., 16 (2), 319:322,(2010).
• [10] Agneew, A.D.Q., Flux, C., Plant Dispersal by Hares (Lepus capensis L.) in Kenya, Ecology, 51(4), 735-737, (1970).
• [11] Smith, A.T., Johnston, C.H., Lepus europaeus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, (2008), Version 2014. 3 www.iucnredlist.org.
• [12] Anonym, 2013-2014 Av Dönemi Merkez Av Komisyon Kararı, T.C. Resmi Gazetesi, 28658, (2013).
• [13] Posautz, A., Kübber-Heiss, A., Loncaric, I., Faecal flora of captive European Brown hares (Lepus europaeus), Agriculture and Agricultural Science Procedia 10: 358-363, (2016).
• [14] Dotis, J., Printza, N., Papachristou, F., Perit. İnt. Dial., 32(5); 577-578,(2012).
• [15] Kaya, K.E., Kurtoğlu, Y., Cesur, Bulut, C., Irmak, H.E., Demiröz, A.P., Karakoç, E., Mikrobiyol Bul, 43 (2), 335-337, (2009).
• [16] Keith, I.R., Paterso, W.D., Airdrie, D., Boston, L.D., Defence mechanisms of the American lobster (Homarus americanus): vaccination provided protoction against gaffkemia infecctions in laboratory and field trials, Fish & Shellfish Immunology, 2(2),109-119, (1992).
• [17] Stewart, J.E., Cornick, J.W., Spears, D.J., Incidence of Gaffkaya homari in natural lobster (Homarus americanus) populations of the Atlantic region of Canada , J. Fish. Res. Bd. Can. 23, 325-1330,(1996).
• [18] Kamath, U., Carol, S., Isenberg, H.D., Clinical Signatificance of Staphylococcus warneri Bacteremia, J. of Clinical Mic. 30(2), 261-264, (1992).
• [19] Wood, C.A., Sevell, D.L., Strausbaugh, L.J., Vertebral osteomyelitis and native valve endocarditis caused by Staphylococcus warneri, Diagn. Microbiyol. Infect. Dis.12, 261-263, (1989).
• [20] Espino, L., Bermudez, R., Fidalgo , L.E. , Gonzales, A., Mino”, N. , Quiroga , M.L. , Meningoencepalitis associated with Staphylococcus warneri in a dog, J. Small Anim. Pract. 47 (10), 598-602, (2006).
• [21] Barigye, R., Schaan , L., Gibbs, P.S, Scamber, E., Dyer , N.W., Diagnostic evidence of Staphylococcus warneri as a posible cause of bovine abortion, J.Vet. Diagn. İnvest,19 (6), 694-696, (2007).
• [22] Susan, A., Mehnert-Kay , M.D., Diagnosis and Management of Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infections, American Family Physician , 1;72 (3), 451-456,(2005).
• [23] Johara, S.T., Paul, S., Urinary Tract Infections Caused by Staphylococcus saprophyticus and their antimicrobial sensitivity pattern in Young Adult Women, Bangladesh J. Med. Microbiol, 05 (01), 21-25, (2011).
• [24] Kotiranta, A., Lounatmaa, K., Haapsalo, M., Epidomiology and phatogenesis of Bacillus cereus infections, Microbes Enfect., 2 (2), 189-198, (2000).
• [25] Kaya, A., Kaya, S., Durmuş, M. Cicioğlu-Arıdoğan, B., Bardak,Y., Bacillus cereus Endoftalmisi : Olgu sunumu, Türk Mikrobiyol.Cem. Derg, 33 , 361-364, (2003).
• [26] Le Saux, N., Harding, G.K., Bacillus cereus endophthalmitis, Can. J. Surg., 30:28, (1987).
• [27] Banargee, C., Bustamante, C.I., Wharton, R., Talley, E.,Wade, J.C, Bacillus infections in patiens with cancer , Arc. Intern, Med.,148 (8), 1769-1974, (1988).
• [28] Chen, C.Y., Hansen, K.S., Hansen, L.K, Rhizobium radiobacter as an oportunistic pathojen in central venous catheter-associated bloodstream infection : case report and review, J. Hosp. Infect.,68( 3), 203-207, (2008).
• [29] Amaya, R.A., Edmonds, M.S., Agrobacterium radiobacter in pediatric patients : case report and review, pediatr. Infect. Dis. J., 22, 183-186, (2003).
• [30] Ryan, K.J., Ray, C.G.(ed), Sherris Medical Microbyolog, (4th pres.). McGraw Hill. ISBN 0-8385-8529-9, (2004).
• [31] Işıkay, S., Ertekin, V., Klebsiella pneumoniae pnömonisi : Bir Vaka Sunumu, Çocuk Enf. Derg., 2, 27-29, (2008).
• [32] Özbilge, H., Zeyrek, F.Y., Mızraklı, A.V., İnanç, Y., İdrar Örneklerinden İzole Edilen Klebsiella Suşlarının Çeşitli Antibiyotiklere Direnç Durumu , Hr. Ü. Tıp Fak. Derg.1, 24-28, (2004).
• [33] Zollner-Schwetz, I., Högenauer, C., Joainig, M., Weberhofter, P., Gorkiewicz, G., Valentin, T., Hinterleitner, T.A., Krause, R., Role of Klebsiella oxytoca in antibiotic-associated diarrhea, Clin. Infect. Dis. Nov.,1; 47 (9) : e, 74-e 78, (2008).
• [34] Çetin, H., Öktem, F., Örmeci, A.R., Yorgancıgil, B., Yaylı, G., Çocukluk çağı idrar yolu enfeksiyonlarında Echerichia coli ve antibiyotik direnci , S.D.Ü. Tıp Fak. Derg.,13 (2), 12-16, (2006).
• [35] Çetin, M., Ocak, S., Görür, S., Avunduk, G., Semptomatik Üriner Sistemi Enfeksiyonlarında Üropatojenler ve İzole Edilen Echerichia coli Suşlarının Antibiyotik Duyarlılığı, ANKEM Derg., 20(3), 169-172, (2006).