Faz Değiştiren Malzemelerin Bina Kabuğunda Kullanımı

Year 2021, Volume: 12 Issue: 2, 355 - 371, 30.03.2021

Deniz Saylam Canım , Sibel Macka Kalfa

https://doi.org/10.24012/dumf.779147

Abstract

Günümüzde binalarda, bina kabuğunun ısıl kütlesini artırarak enerji tasarrufu sağlayan ve enerjiyi ısıl kütlede gizli ısı olarak depolayan faz değiştiren malzemelerin (FDM) kullanımı gittikçe yaygınlaşmaktadır. Ancak bu malzemelerin özellikle bina kabuğunda kullanımı ile ilgili literatürde mevcut olan teorik, uygulama ve deneysel çalışma sayısı yeterli değildir ve bu konu ile ilgili bilgi eksikliği yapılan çalışmaların sonuçlarını etkilemektedir. Bu çalışma ile bina kabuğunda kullanılmaya yeni başlanmış olan faz değiştiren malzemelerin son yıllarda yapılmış olan tez, makale, kitap ve araştırma projeleri üzerinden farklı kategorilerde incelenmesi ve yapılan incelemeler sonucunda FDM ile ilgili literatür özetinin okuyucuya sunularak bu konudaki gündeme ışık tutulması hedeflenmektedir. Bu hedefler doğrultusunda son yıllarda yapılmış olan yaklaşık 50 bilimsel çalışma; FDM’nin kullanıldığı bina kabuklarının farklı iklim bölgelerinde kullanımı, FDM' nin kullanıldığı yapı elemanı, kullanılan FDM çeşitleri, FDM ile birleştirme teknikleri, çalışma tipi ve kullanılan simülasyon programı başlıkları altında değerlendirilerek tablolar ve görsellerle ifade edilmiştir. Farklı tipteki FDM' lerin ısıl performans özellikleri, avantaj- dezavantajları ve uygulama yöntemleri karşılaştırılarak gerekli önerilerde bulunulmuş ve bu konuda çalışacak olan araştırmacıların izlemesi gereken süreç bir diyagram üzerinde gösterilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda, FDM’ler üzerine yapılmış birçok çalışma olmasına rağmen bu konudaki mühendislik bilgisinin yetersiz olduğu, deneysel çalışma sayısısın artırılması gerekliliği saptanmış ve en önemlisi FDM’lerin her iklim koşulunda bina kabuğunda kullanıma uygun, düşük maliyetli ve sürdürülebilir bir malzeme olarak geliştirilmesinin büyük önem arz ettiği belirtilmiştir.

Keywords

faz değiştiren malzemeler, bina kabuğu, trombe duvar, parafin, yağ asidi

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