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            <front>

                <journal-meta>
                                                                <journal-id>dujof</journal-id>
            <journal-title-group>
                                                                                    <journal-title>Düzce Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Ormancılık Dergisi</journal-title>
            </journal-title-group>
                            <issn pub-type="ppub">2148-7871</issn>
                                        <issn pub-type="epub">2148-7855</issn>
                                                                                            <publisher>
                    <publisher-name>Duzce University</publisher-name>
                </publisher>
                    </journal-meta>
                <article-meta>
                                        <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.58816/duzceod.1509080</article-id>
                                                                <article-categories>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="en">
                                                            <subject>Watershed Management in Forestry</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="tr">
                                                            <subject>Ormancılıkta Havza Yönetimi</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                    </article-categories>
                                                                                                                                                        <title-group>
                                                                                                                        <trans-title-group xml:lang="tr">
                                    <trans-title>Düzce İli İklim Değişikliğinin Üç Farklı İklim Sınıflandırma Yöntemi Kullanılarak Belirlenmesi</trans-title>
                                </trans-title-group>
                                                                                                                                                                                                <article-title>Determination of Climatic Changes in Düzce Province Using Three Different Climate Classification Methods</article-title>
                                                                                                    </title-group>
            
                                                    <contrib-group content-type="authors">
                                                                        <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0260-7485</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Baş</surname>
                                    <given-names>Eren</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>Bartın Üniversitesi</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                    <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0223-6215</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Palta</surname>
                                    <given-names>Şahin</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>BARTIN ÜNİVERSİTESİ, BARTIN ORMAN FAKÜLTESİ</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                                                </contrib-group>
                        
                                        <pub-date pub-type="pub" iso-8601-date="20241228">
                    <day>12</day>
                    <month>28</month>
                    <year>2024</year>
                </pub-date>
                                        <volume>20</volume>
                                        <issue>2</issue>
                                        <fpage>206</fpage>
                                        <lpage>227</lpage>
                        
                        <history>
                                    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="20240702">
                        <day>07</day>
                        <month>02</month>
                        <year>2024</year>
                    </date>
                                                    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="20240930">
                        <day>09</day>
                        <month>30</month>
                        <year>2024</year>
                    </date>
                            </history>
                                        <permissions>
                    <copyright-statement>Copyright © 2005, Düzce University Faculty of Forestry Journal of Forestry</copyright-statement>
                    <copyright-year>2005</copyright-year>
                    <copyright-holder>Düzce University Faculty of Forestry Journal of Forestry</copyright-holder>
                </permissions>
            
                                                                                                <trans-abstract xml:lang="tr">
                            <p>Bu çalışmada, farklı iklim sınıflandırma sistemlerine göre Düzce ilinin iklim özelliklerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma Düzce ilinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. De Martonne, Köppen ve Thornthwaite yöntemleri kullanılarak iklim özellikleri ve iklimsel değişimler analiz edilmiştir. Çalışmada Meteoroloji Genel Müdürlüğü tarafından kaydedilen 60 yıllık yağış ve sıcaklık verileri kullanılmıştır. Veri analizleri beşer yıllık aralıklarla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Sonuçlara göre, Düzce ilinin yıllık ortalama sıcaklığı 1994 yılından itibaren artış göstermiş ve son 10 yılın ortalama yağış verileri 60 yıllık ortalamanın üzerine çıkmıştır. Yapılan basit doğrusal regresyon analizine göre hem ortalama sıcaklık hem de yıllık ortalama toplam yağış değerlerinde artış olduğu tespit edilmiştir. De Martonne iklim sınıflandırmasına göre il genel olarak yarı nemli iklim sınıfına girmektedir. Son 10 yıllık veriler incelendiğinde, Köppen-Trewartha iklim sınıflandırmasına göre, Cfak (yazları sıcak, kışları serin, subtropikal nemli iklim) iklim sınıfı içerisinde, Thornthwaite iklim sınıflandırmasına göre ise B1rB2&#039;b4&#039; (nemli, 2. derece mezotermal, su açığı olmayan, okyanusal iklim etkisine yakın koşullar) iklim sınıfı içerisinde yer aldığı tespit edilmiştir. Düzce ili için hem Köppen-Trewartha ve Thornthwaite sınıflandırmalarına göre iklim tiplerindeki değişim, hem de son yıllardaki sıcaklık ve yağış verilerindeki değişimler iklim değişikliğine işaret ediyor olabilir.</p></trans-abstract>
                                                                                                                                    <abstract><p>Aim of this study is to determine the climate characteristics of Düzce province referring to different climate classification systems. The study was carried out in Düzce province. Climate characteristics and climatic changes were analyzed by using De Martonne, Köppen, and Thornthwaite classification methods. The study utilized 60 years of precipitation and temperature data recorded by the General Directorate of Meteorology. Data analyses were conducted within five-year intervals.  According to the results, the average annual temperature of Düzce province has been on the rise since 1994, and the average precipitation data for the last 10 years exceeded the 60-year average. In the simple linear regression analysis, it was determined that there was an increase in both average temperature and annual average total precipitation values. According to De Martonne climate classification, the province lies within the semi-humid climate class. Examining the data of the last 10 years, it was determined to be within the Cfak (Hot summer, cool winters, subtropical humid climate) climate class according to the Köppen-Trewartha climate classification and within the B1rB2&#039;b4&#039; (Humid, second-degree mesothermal region with almost no water deficit, and under the influence of oceanic climate) climate class according to the Thornthwaite climate classification. For Düzce province, both the change in climate types according to Köppen-Trewartha and Thorntwaite classifications and the changes in temperature and precipitation data in recent years may indicate climate change.</p></abstract>
                                                            
            
                                                                                        <kwd-group>
                                                    <kwd>Climate classification</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Düzce province</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  De Martonne</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Köppen-Trewartha</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Thornthwaite</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                            
                                                <kwd-group xml:lang="tr">
                                                    <kwd>İklim sınıflandırması</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Düzce ili</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  De Martonne</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Köppen-Trewartha</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Thornthwaite</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                                                                                                        </article-meta>
    </front>
    <back>
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