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            <front>

                <journal-meta>
                                    <journal-id></journal-id>
            <journal-title-group>
                                                                                    <journal-title>Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi İletişim Araştırmaları Dergisi</journal-title>
            </journal-title-group>
                            <issn pub-type="ppub">2146-3212</issn>
                                                                                                        <publisher>
                    <publisher-name>Karadeniz Technical University</publisher-name>
                </publisher>
                    </journal-meta>
                <article-meta>
                                        <article-id/>
                                                                <article-categories>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="en">
                                                            <subject>Communication and Media Studies</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="tr">
                                                            <subject>İletişim ve Medya Çalışmaları</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                    </article-categories>
                                                                                                                                                        <title-group>
                                                                                                                        <trans-title-group xml:lang="en">
                                    <trans-title>FROM ILLEGAL BROADCASTING TO COMMERCIALIZATION:A BRIEF HISTORY OF PIRATE RADIOS IN FRANCE</trans-title>
                                </trans-title-group>
                                                                                                                                                                                                <article-title>YASADIŞI YAYINCILIKTAN TİCARİLEŞMEYE: FRANSA’DA KORSAN RADYOCULUĞUN KISA TARİHİ</article-title>
                                                                                                    </title-group>
            
                                                    <contrib-group content-type="authors">
                                                                        <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Güney</surname>
                                    <given-names>Serhat</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>GALATASARAY ÜNİVERSİTESİ</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                                                </contrib-group>
                        
                                        <pub-date pub-type="pub" iso-8601-date="20170601">
                    <day>06</day>
                    <month>01</month>
                    <year>2017</year>
                </pub-date>
                                        <volume>7</volume>
                                        <issue>1</issue>
                                        <fpage>11</fpage>
                                        <lpage>24</lpage>
                        
                        <history>
                                    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="20170601">
                        <day>06</day>
                        <month>01</month>
                        <year>2017</year>
                    </date>
                                            </history>
                                        <permissions>
                    <copyright-statement>Copyright © 2011, Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi İletişim Araştırmaları Dergisi</copyright-statement>
                    <copyright-year>2011</copyright-year>
                    <copyright-holder>Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi İletişim Araştırmaları Dergisi</copyright-holder>
                </permissions>
            
                                                                                                <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
                            <p>This paper is an expositive media history study which focuses on an alternative broadcastingrevolution going parallel with the youth movement of 1970’s in the Continental Europe. It tries to shed lighton a short term historical period of a close past between the collapse of ‘welfare society’ and the reborning ofcapitalism in the form of ‘neo-liberalism’. The transformation of radio broadcasting is being evalauted with asociopolitical and cultural perspective in the context of the given period, along with the emerging legalreflections and the regulative outcomes in European countries. In this context, this paper treats thephenomenon of Pirate Radio movement in France as a specific example in terms of the concept of alternativepublic broadcasting. Further step of the analysis is to examine the transformation of the public broadcastingsystems in Europe and the emergence of the commercial broadcasting. In this framework, the study discussesat the first hand the crisis of public broadcasters in the Continental Europe since 1960’s, followed by anhistorical exposition of pirate radio movement in France. After the historical perspective, legal process andits outcomes are being exposed along with projection of the way where pirate radios have channeled duringthis regulative turn over. One basic finding of ths study is that after being surrounded by legal boundries,pirate radios have devoleped in terms of institutionalisation while loosing their opponent and participativecharacteristics. This process has ended with commercialisation of most of the community radios (the termthey use after the regulation of the scene).</p></trans-abstract>
                                                                                                                                    <abstract><p>Bu makale Batı dünyasında 70’li yıllarda doruk noktasına ulaşan gençlik hareketlerinin yedeğindebiçimlenen bir alternatif yayıncılık devrimini odağına alan serimleyici bir medya tarihi çalışmasıdır. KıtaAvrupası’nda ‘refah toplumu’ paradigmasının çöküşünden kapitalist ideolojinin neo-liberal yenidenyapılandırılmasına uzanan tarih diliminde radyo yayıncılığının geçirdiği dönüşüm sosyo-politk ve kültürelzeminde incelenerek medya politikaları ve regülasyon çıktılarına ışık tutmak amaçlanmaktadır. Bu bağlamdaFransa’da biçimlenen korsan radyo fenomeni ele alınarak, özel bir örnek olarak alternatif kamu yayıncılığıanlayışının Avrupa’dakievrimi tartışılmaktadır. Bu analizin bir ileri boyutu demokratik Avrupa ülkelerineözgü kamu yayıncılık sistemlerinin dönüşümünü değerlendirmek ve ticari yayıncılık anlayışının ortayaçıkışına dair gelişmeleri irdelemektir. Bu bağlamda makale öncelikli olarak 70’li yıllardan itibarenAvrupa’daki kamu yayın kurumlarının içine düştüğü bunalımı ele almaktadır. Bunu Fransa’daki korsan radyohareketinin tarihsel bir dökümü izlemektedir. Tarihsel perspektifi takiben yasal süreçler ve oluşan yeniatmosferde korsan radyo hareketinin fikirsel ve kurumsal zemininin hangi yöne kaydığı tartışılmaktadır.Makalenin en temel bulgusu, korsan radyoların yasal çerçeveye kavuştuktan sonra kurumsal açıdan gelişmegösterdikleri ama muhalif perspektefleriyle katılımcı yapılarını yitirmeye başladıkları yönündedir. Bu durumzaman içinde derneksel radyoların (yasal süreç sonunda korsan radyolara verilen statü) büyük bölümününticari yayın formatını tercih etmesiyle sonuçlanan bir süreçtir</p></abstract>
                                                            
            
                                                                                        <kwd-group>
                                                    <kwd>Radyo</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  korsan yayıncılık</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  France</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  derneksel radyo</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                            
                                                <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
                                                    <kwd>Radio</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  pirate broadcasting</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  France</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  associative radio</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                                                                                                        </article-meta>
    </front>
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