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Year 2007, Volume: 7 Issue: 1, 311 - 333, 01.05.2007

Müge Aknur İrem Aşkar Karakır

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı Mısır’daki siyasi liberalleşme sürecinin gerilemesinin ardındaki kavramsal ve analitik konuları incelemektir. Bunu yapabilmek için, öncelikle Arap ülkelerindeki siyasi liberalleşme sürecini şekillendiren önemli yaklaşımlardan; uluslararası konjonktür, sivil toplum, siyasi kültür ve siyasi ekonomi yaklaşımları incelenecektir. Bu yaklaşımların analizinde, Mısır’ın iç siyasi yapısının önemli bir parçası olan “siyasi İslam’ın yükselişi,” diğer bir deyişle Mısır siyasi yapısında etkisi artan İslami politik yapılanma üzerinde yoğunlaşacaktır. Çalışma, “siyasi İslam’ın yükseliş,” faktörünün Mısır’daki siyasi liberalleşme ve siyasi liberalleşmenin gerilemesi süreçlerini açıklamaya çalışan her bir yaklaşımı ne şekilde etkilediğini inceleyecektir

Keywords

Mısır Siyasi Liberalleşme

References

  • AL-ARABI (4 December 1995) (FBIS-NES-236)
  • ABDELNASSER, Gamal. (2004): “Egypt: Succession Politics,” Volker Perthes (ed.), Arab Elites: Negotiating the Politics of Change, (ed.), Boulder: Lynne Rienner Publishers.
  • BAYNARD, Sally Ann. (1995): “Arab Republic of Egypt,” Bernard Reich and David Long (eds.), The Government and Politics of the Middle East and North Africa, Boulder, Co., Westview Press.
  • BRYNEN, Rex; KORANY, Bahgat ve NOBLE, Paul. (1998): Political Liberalization and Democratization in the Arab World, V. 2, Boulder, Lynne Rienner Publishers.
  • CAMPAGNA, Joel. (1996): “From Accommodation to Confrontation: The Muslim Brotherhood in the Mubarak Years” Journal of International Affairs, 50 (1): 278- 304.
  • CASSANDRA (1995): “The Impending Crisis in Egypt” Middle East Journal. 49 (1): 9-27.
  • CHASE, Robert S.; HILL, Emily B. ve KENNEDY, Paul (1996): “Pivotal States and U.S. Strategy,” Foreign Affairs, 75: 33-51.
  • DARWISH, Adel (2005): “Egypt, An Election Epic: This one could run and run,” The Middle East: 12-14
  • ESPOSITO, John L. ve VOLL. John O. (1996): Islam and Democracy. New York, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • FANDY, Mamoun ve HEARN Dana (1999): “Egypt: Human Rights and Governance,” Paul J. Magnarella (ed.), Middle East and North Africa: Governance, Democratization, Human Rights, Aldershot, Ashgate Publishing Ltd.
  • FAWAZ, Gerges A. (2000): “The End of the Islamist Insurgency in Egypt: Costs and Prospects,” Middle East Journal, 54: 592-612. (FBIS-NES-95-243) 11 December 1995.
  • FELDMAN, Noah (2003): After Jihad: America and the Struggle for Islamic Democracy. New York, Farrar, Straus and Giroux.
  • GALA, Amin A. (1995): Egypt's Economic Predicament: A Study in the Interaction of External Pressure, Political Folly and Social Tension in Egypt. 1960-1990. New York, E. J. Brill.
  • GHADBIAN, Najib (1995): Democratization and Islamist Challenge. Boulder, Co., Westview Press.
  • HUDSON, Michael C. (1991): “After the Gulf War: Prospects for Democratization in the Arab World,” Middle East Journal, 45: 407-426.
  • IBRAHIM, Saad Eddin (1996): “Reform and Frustration in Egypt” Journal of Democracy, 7(4): 125-135.
  • INTERNATIONAL HERALD TRIBUNE (2006), http://www.iht.com/articles/2006/05/01/news/egypt.php (13 September 2006)
  • KARABELL, Zachary (1995): “The Wrong Threat: The United States and Islamic Fundamentalism,” World Policy Journal, 12: 37-48.
  • KIENLE, Eberhard (1998): “More than a response to Islamism: The Political Deliberalization of Egypt in the 1990s,” Middle East Journal, 52 (2): 219-235.
  • KRAMER, Gudrun (1996): “The Integration of the Integrists,” Ghassan Salame (ed.), Democracy without Democrats, London, New York, I.B. Tauris.
  • LINZ, Juan J. ve STEPAN, Alfred (1996): Problems of Democratic Transition and Consolidation, Southern Europe, South America, and Post-Communist Europe, Baltimore, The Johns Hopkins University Press.
  • MAKRAM-EBEID, Mona (1996): “Egypt's 1995 Elections: One Step Forward, Two Steps Back” Middle East Policy, IV (3): 119-136. MENA (10 June 1995) (FBIS-NES-95-112)
  • MIDDLE EAST TIMES (4 Dec. 2005), http://www.metimes.com, “Egypt’s Islamists ‘reap what they have sown’,” (21 August 2006)

THE REVERSAL OF POLITICAL LIBERALIZATION IN EGYPT

Year 2007, Volume: 7 Issue: 1, 311 - 333, 01.05.2007

Müge Aknur İrem Aşkar Karakır

Abstract

The purpose of this article is to examine conceptual and analytical issues behind the political deliberalization process in Egypt. In order to do that, the article will first study the approaches such as international context, civil society, political culture, and political economy, which are considered as significant factors that shape Arab countries’ political liberalization process. In this analysis, the article will concentrate on the most important component of the Egyptian domestic context, “rise of political Islam,” in other words, increasing role of Islamic fundamentalists in Egyptian politics. The article will examine how the “rise of political Islam” shapes each approach, which is effective in the processes of political liberalization and deliberalization in Egyptian political life

Keywords

Egypt Political Liberalization

References

  • AL-ARABI (4 December 1995) (FBIS-NES-236)
  • ABDELNASSER, Gamal. (2004): “Egypt: Succession Politics,” Volker Perthes (ed.), Arab Elites: Negotiating the Politics of Change, (ed.), Boulder: Lynne Rienner Publishers.
  • BAYNARD, Sally Ann. (1995): “Arab Republic of Egypt,” Bernard Reich and David Long (eds.), The Government and Politics of the Middle East and North Africa, Boulder, Co., Westview Press.
  • BRYNEN, Rex; KORANY, Bahgat ve NOBLE, Paul. (1998): Political Liberalization and Democratization in the Arab World, V. 2, Boulder, Lynne Rienner Publishers.
  • CAMPAGNA, Joel. (1996): “From Accommodation to Confrontation: The Muslim Brotherhood in the Mubarak Years” Journal of International Affairs, 50 (1): 278- 304.
  • CASSANDRA (1995): “The Impending Crisis in Egypt” Middle East Journal. 49 (1): 9-27.
  • CHASE, Robert S.; HILL, Emily B. ve KENNEDY, Paul (1996): “Pivotal States and U.S. Strategy,” Foreign Affairs, 75: 33-51.
  • DARWISH, Adel (2005): “Egypt, An Election Epic: This one could run and run,” The Middle East: 12-14
  • ESPOSITO, John L. ve VOLL. John O. (1996): Islam and Democracy. New York, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • FANDY, Mamoun ve HEARN Dana (1999): “Egypt: Human Rights and Governance,” Paul J. Magnarella (ed.), Middle East and North Africa: Governance, Democratization, Human Rights, Aldershot, Ashgate Publishing Ltd.
  • FAWAZ, Gerges A. (2000): “The End of the Islamist Insurgency in Egypt: Costs and Prospects,” Middle East Journal, 54: 592-612. (FBIS-NES-95-243) 11 December 1995.
  • FELDMAN, Noah (2003): After Jihad: America and the Struggle for Islamic Democracy. New York, Farrar, Straus and Giroux.
  • GALA, Amin A. (1995): Egypt's Economic Predicament: A Study in the Interaction of External Pressure, Political Folly and Social Tension in Egypt. 1960-1990. New York, E. J. Brill.
  • GHADBIAN, Najib (1995): Democratization and Islamist Challenge. Boulder, Co., Westview Press.
  • HUDSON, Michael C. (1991): “After the Gulf War: Prospects for Democratization in the Arab World,” Middle East Journal, 45: 407-426.
  • IBRAHIM, Saad Eddin (1996): “Reform and Frustration in Egypt” Journal of Democracy, 7(4): 125-135.
  • INTERNATIONAL HERALD TRIBUNE (2006), http://www.iht.com/articles/2006/05/01/news/egypt.php (13 September 2006)
  • KARABELL, Zachary (1995): “The Wrong Threat: The United States and Islamic Fundamentalism,” World Policy Journal, 12: 37-48.
  • KIENLE, Eberhard (1998): “More than a response to Islamism: The Political Deliberalization of Egypt in the 1990s,” Middle East Journal, 52 (2): 219-235.
  • KRAMER, Gudrun (1996): “The Integration of the Integrists,” Ghassan Salame (ed.), Democracy without Democrats, London, New York, I.B. Tauris.
  • LINZ, Juan J. ve STEPAN, Alfred (1996): Problems of Democratic Transition and Consolidation, Southern Europe, South America, and Post-Communist Europe, Baltimore, The Johns Hopkins University Press.
  • MAKRAM-EBEID, Mona (1996): “Egypt's 1995 Elections: One Step Forward, Two Steps Back” Middle East Policy, IV (3): 119-136. MENA (10 June 1995) (FBIS-NES-95-112)
  • MIDDLE EAST TIMES (4 Dec. 2005), http://www.metimes.com, “Egypt’s Islamists ‘reap what they have sown’,” (21 August 2006)
There are 23 citations in total.

Details

Other ID JA23MB44YU
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Müge Aknur This is me

İrem Aşkar Karakır This is me

Publication Date May 1, 2007
Published in Issue Year 2007 Volume: 7 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Aknur, M., & Karakır, İ. A. (2007). THE REVERSAL OF POLITICAL LIBERALIZATION IN EGYPT. Ege Academic Review, 7(1), 311-333.
AMA Aknur M, Karakır İA. THE REVERSAL OF POLITICAL LIBERALIZATION IN EGYPT. ear. May 2007;7(1):311-333.
Chicago Aknur, Müge, and İrem Aşkar Karakır. “THE REVERSAL OF POLITICAL LIBERALIZATION IN EGYPT”. Ege Academic Review 7, no. 1 (May 2007): 311-33.
EndNote Aknur M, Karakır İA (May 1, 2007) THE REVERSAL OF POLITICAL LIBERALIZATION IN EGYPT. Ege Academic Review 7 1 311–333.
IEEE M. Aknur and İ. A. Karakır, “THE REVERSAL OF POLITICAL LIBERALIZATION IN EGYPT”, ear, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 311–333, 2007.
ISNAD Aknur, Müge - Karakır, İrem Aşkar. “THE REVERSAL OF POLITICAL LIBERALIZATION IN EGYPT”. Ege Academic Review 7/1 (May 2007), 311-333.
JAMA Aknur M, Karakır İA. THE REVERSAL OF POLITICAL LIBERALIZATION IN EGYPT. ear. 2007;7:311–333.
MLA Aknur, Müge and İrem Aşkar Karakır. “THE REVERSAL OF POLITICAL LIBERALIZATION IN EGYPT”. Ege Academic Review, vol. 7, no. 1, 2007, pp. 311-33.
Vancouver Aknur M, Karakır İA. THE REVERSAL OF POLITICAL LIBERALIZATION IN EGYPT. ear. 2007;7(1):311-33.