Evaluation of Three Different Resin Based Root Canal Sealers Regarding Coronal Bacterial Leakage

Abstract

Aim: To evaluate the penetration of Enterococcus feacalis through obturated root canals and to compare coronal leakage of AH Plus + gutta percha, MM-Seal + gutta percha and resin-based Epiphany-Resilon root canal filling system during a 30-day period. Material and Methods: Fifty-five central teeth with single root canals were divided into three experimental groups n =15 each and two control groups n=5 . In the first experimental group was obturated with AH Plus root canal sealer and gutta percha using cold lateral compaction technique. In the second experimental group was obturated with MM-Seal root canal sealer and gutta percha using cold lateral compaction technique. In the third experimental group was obturated with Epiphany sealer and Resilon tips using cold lateral compaction technique. Then a bacterial leakage model was prepared and the teeth were placed in this model. This system was sterilized with ethylene oxide gas for 12 hours. E. faecalis inoculum was added to bacterial model system and blurring was recorded every day. Blurring was indicated to proliferation of E. faecalis. Data was subjected to statistical analysis using Z test. A p< 0.05 was considered as significant.Results: Positive control group all demonstrated leakage within 24 h and negative control group prevented E. feacalis leakage for the whole experimental period of 30 days. At the end of 30 days; no significant difference was found between experimental groups p>0.05 . Conclusion: Any of these materials could not totally prevent bacterial leakage. Therefore, it has been revealed that a permanent restoration has a significant importance in preventing the bacterial coronal leakage

Keywords

• AH Plus, Bacterial Leakage, Epiphany-Resilon, MM-Seal

Üç farklı rezin bazlı kök kanal dolgu patının koronal bakteriyel sızıntısının değerlendirilmesi

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışmada rezin esaslı iki farklı kök kanal dolgu patı olan AH Plus ve MM Seal ile rezin esaslı kök kanal dolgu sistemi olan Resilon/Epiphany dolgu materyalinin in-vitro koşullarda Enterococcus feacalis kullanılarak koronal bakteriyel sızıntı yönünden 30 gün değerlendirilmeleri amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmamızda 55 adet tek köklü üst santral dişler üç deneysel n=15 ve iki kontrol n=5 gruba ayrılmıştır. Grup 1; AH Plus patı ve güta perka ile Grup 2; MM Seal patı ve gütaperka ile Grup 3 ise Epiphany ve Resilon ile soğuk lateral kompaksiyon yöntemi ile doldurulmuştur. Daha sonra bakteriyel sızıntı modeli hazırlanmış ve dişler bu modele yerleştirilmiştir. Elde edilen sistem etilen oksit gazı ile 12 saat boyunca steril edilmiştir. Elde edilen bu sisteme E. feacalis inokulumu ilave edilmiş ve her gün tüpler kontrol edilerek BKI besi yerinin bulanıklaşması sızıntı günü olarak kaydedilmiştir. Tüp içerisindeki BKI besi yerinin bulanıklaşması E. feacalis suşunun sızıntısı ve üremesi olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Koronal bakteriyel sızıntı oranları Z testi ile ikişerli olarak karşılaştırılmıştır. P

Keywords

• AH Plus, Bakteriyel sızıntı, Epiphany-Resilon, MM-Seal

References

1. Çalışkan MK. Endodontide tanı ve te- davi.İstanbul; Nobel Tıp Kitapevleri 2006; p.401-432.
2. Barrieshi KM, Walton RE, Johnson WT, Drake DR. Coronal leakage of mixed anaerobic bacteria after obturation and post space preparation. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 1997;84:310-4.
3. Alves J, Walton R, Drake D. Coronal leakage: endotoxin penetration from mixed bacterial communities through obturated, post- prepared root canals. J Endod 1998;24:587-91.
4. Wolanek GA, Loushine RJ, Weller RN, Kimbrough WF, Volkmann KR. In vitro bacte- rial penetration of endodontically treated teeth coronally sealed with a dentin bonding agent. J Endod 2001;27:354-7.
5. Swanson K, Madison S. An evaluation of coronal microleakage in endodontically treated teeth. Part I. Time periods. J Endod 1987;13:56-9.
6. Trope M, Chow E, Nissan R. In vitro endotoxin penetration of coronally unsealed endodontically treated teeth. Endod Dent Traumatol 1995;11:90-4.
7. Khayat A, Lee SJ, Torabinejad M. Human saliva penetration of coronally unsealed obturated root canals. J Endod 1993;19:458-61.
8. Torabinejad M, Ung B, Kettering JD. In vitro bacterial penetration of coronally unsealed endodontically treated teeth. J Endod 1990;16:566-9.

9. Williamson AE, Marker KL, Drake DR, Dawson DV, Walton RE. Resin-based versus gutta-percha-based root canal obturation: influence on bacterial leakage in an in vitro model system. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2009;108:292-6.
10. Wu MK, De Gee AJ, Wesselink PR. Leakage of four root canal sealers at different thickness. Int Endod J 1994;27:304-8.
11. Shipper G, Ørstavik D, Teixeira FB, Trope M. An evaluation of microbial leakage in roots filled with a thermoplastic synthetic polymer-based root canal filling material (Resilon) J Endod 2004;30:342-7.
12. Torabinejad M, Ung B, Kettering JD. In vitro bacterial penetration of coronally un- sealed endodontically treated teeth. J Endod
13. Trope M, Chow E, Nissan R. In vitro endotoxin penetration of coronally unsealed endodontically treated teeth. Endod Dent Traumatol 1995;11:90-4.
14. Madison S, Swanson K, Chiles SA. An evaluation of coronal microleakage in en- dodontically treated teeth. Part II. Sealer types. J Endod 1987;13:109-12.
15. Pommel L, Camps J. Effects of pressure and measurement time on the fluid filtration method in endodontics. J Endod 2001;27:256-8.
16. Kersten HW, Moorer WR. Particles and molecules in endodontic leakage Int Endod J 1989;22:118-24.
17. Can HE, Yaman SD, Alaçam T, Gürol E, Irmak K. Bazı kök kanal dolgu patların ko- ronal mikrosızıntılarının Bakteri penetrasyonu yöntemi ile değerlendirilmesi.T Klin Diş Hek Bil 1997;3:162-166.
18. Wu MK, De Gee AJ, Wesselink PR, Moorer WR. Fluid transport and bacterial pe- netration along root canal fillings. Int Endod J 1993;26:203-8.
19. Taylor JK, Jeansonne BG, Lemon RR. Coronal leakage: effects of smear layer, obtu- ration technique, and sealer. J Endod 1997;23:508-12.
20. Saunders WP, Saunders EM. Influence of smear layer on the coronal leakage of Ther- mafil and laterally condensed gutta-percha root fillings with a glass ionomer sealer. J Endod 1994;20:155-8.
21. Alaçam T. Endodonti. Ankara; 2. Bas- kı Barış Yayınları 2000;17:507.
22. Bodrumlu E, Avşar A, Eğilmez T. Üç farklı rezin esaslı kök kanal patının antimikro- biyal etkinliğinin değerlendirilmesi. GÜ Diş Hek Fak Derg 2008;25:19-22.
23. Williamson AE, Marker KL, Drake DR, Dawson DV, Walton RE. Resin-based versusgutta-percha-based root canal obtura- tion: influence on bacterial leakage in an in vit- ro model system. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2009;108:292-6.
24. Schwartz RS. Adhesive dentistry and endodontics. Part 2: bonding in the root canal system-the promise and the problems: a review. J Endod 2006;32:1125-34.
25. Tay FR, Pashley DH, Williams MC, Raina R, Loushine RJ, Weller RN, Kimbrough WF, King NM. Susceptibility of a polycapro- lactone-based root canal filling material to deg- radation. I. Alkaline hydrolysis. J Endod 2005;31:593-8.
26. Baumgartner G, Zehnder M, Paqué F. Enterococcus faecalis type strain leakage thro- ugh root canals filled with Gutta-Percha/AH plus 2007;33:45-7. J Endod
27. Pitout E, Oberholzer TG, Blignaut E, Molepo J. Coronal leakage of teeth root-filled with gutta-percha or Resilon root canal filling material. J Endod 2006;32:879-81.
28. Biggs SG, Knowles KI, Ibarrola JL, Pashley DH. An in vitro assessment of the sea- ling ability of resilon/epiphany using fluid filt- ration. J Endod 2006;32:759-61.
29. Onay EO, Ungor M, Orucoglu H. An in vitro evaluation of the apical sealing ability of a new resin-based root canal obturation sys- tem. J Endod 2006;32:976-8.
30. Williamson AE, Marker KL, Drake DR, Dawson DV, Walton RE. Resin-based versus gutta-percha-based root canal obtura- tion: influence on bacterial leakage in an invit- ro model system. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2009;108:292-6.
31. Tay FR, Loushine RJ, Weller RN, Kimbrough WF, Pashley DH, Mak YF, Lai CN, Raina R, Williams MC. Ultrastructural evaluation of the apical seal in roots filled with a polycaprolactone-based root canal filling material. J Endod 2005;31(7):514-9.
32. Shipper G, Ørstavik D, Teixeira FB, Trope M. An evaluation of microbial leakage in roots filled with a thermoplastic synthetic polymer-based root canal filling material (Re- silon). J Endod 2004;30:342-7.
33. Saleh IM, Ruyter IE, Haapasalo M, Ørstavik D. Bacterial penetration along diffe- rent root canal filling materials in the presence or absence of smear layer. Int Endod J
34. Carvalho RM, Pereira JC, Yoshiyama M, Pashley DH. A review of polymerization contraction: the influence of stress develop- ment versus stress relief. Oper Dent 1996;21:17-24.
35. Tay FR, Loushine RJ, Lambrechts P, Weller RN, Pashley DH. Geometric factors af- fecting dentin bonding in root canals: a theo- retical 2005;31:584-9. approach. JEndod