Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

Meridian’da Beyaz Fetişizmi: Lacancı Bir Yorumlama

Year 2024, Volume: 8 Issue: 2, 212 - 222, 22.10.2024
https://doi.org/10.31465/eeder.1404969

Abstract

Psikanaliz alanında uzun süredir araştırılan bir terim olan fetişizm, yüzyılı aşkın bir süredir çeşitli teorik yorumlara konu olmuştur. Bu bakış açılarından biri, arzu, eksiklik, sembolik düzen ve fetiş nesnesi arasındaki bağlantıyı araştıran Fransız psikanalist Jacques Lacan tarafından sunulmuştur. Lacan'ın temel argümanı, insan arzusunun bir nesne arayışından kaynaklanmadığı, bunun yerine öznenin doğasında var olan eksiklikten beslendiği fikrine dayanmaktadır. Lacan'ın psikanalitik kuramına dayanan bu makale, Alice Walker'ın romanı Meridian'ı (1976) Truman Held'in sembolik arzuları ve kimliğini şekillendiren karmaşık ilişkiler açısından incelemektedir. Bu çalışma, fetişizm örneklerini tespit etmek için romandaki önemli pasajların yakın metin analizini yaparak nitel bir yaklaşım uygulamaktadır. Fetiş, ulaşılamaz nesnenin sembolik bir ikamesi olarak, Truman'ın başa çıkma mekanizmalarını ve parçalanmış benliğini uzlaştırma girişimlerini anlamada çok önemli bir unsur olarak ortaya çıkmaktadır. Nihayetinde bu çalışma, romanın psikolojik boyutlarının daha derinlemesine anlaşılmasına katkıda bulunmakta, arzunun daha geniş sosyo-politik bağlamda nasıl itici bir güç haline geldiğini ortaya çıkararak karakterin kimlik oluşumu, eylemlilik ve özgürleşme mücadelelerini aydınlatmaktadır.

References

  • Anderson, J. (1993). “Re-Writing Race: Subverting Language in Anne Moody’s Coming of Age in Mississippi and Alice Walker’s Meridian”, a/b: Auto/ Biography Studies, 8 (1), 33-50.
  • Böhm, S.; Batta, A. (2010). “Just Doing It: Enjoying Commodity Fetishism with Lacan”, Organization, 17 (3), 345-361.
  • Danielson, S. (1989). “Alice Walker’s Meridian, Feminism, and the ‘Movement’”, Women’s Studies: An Inter-disciplinary Journal, 16 (3), 317-330.
  • Dant, T. (1996). “Fetishism and the Social Value of Objects”, The Sociological Review, 44 (3), 495-516.
  • Duck, L. A. (2008). “Listening to Melancholia: Alice Walker’s Meridian”, Patterns of Prejudice, 42 (4), 439-464.
  • Freud, S. (1905a [1953]). “Three Essays on the Theory of Sexuality”. In J. Strachey (Ed. & Trans.), The Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological Works of Sigmund Freud (Vol. 7, pp. 123-320), London: The Hogarth Press.
  • Freud, S. (1927b [1961]). “Fetishism”. In J. Strachey (Ed. & Trans.), The Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological Works of Sigmund Freud (Vol. 21, pp. 149-158), London: The Hogarth Press.
  • Gamman, L.; Makinen, M. (1994). Female Fetishism: A New Look, London: Lawrence and Wishart.
  • Hendrickson, R. M. (1999). “Remembering the Dream: Alice Walker, Meridian and The Civil Rights Movement”, MELUS, 24 (3), 111-128.
  • Hollenberg, D. K. (1991). “Teaching Alice Walker’s Meridian: From Self-Defense to Mutual Discovery”, MELUS, 17 (4), 81-89.
  • Lacan, J. (1966 [2006]). Ecrits (B. Fink Trans.), New York: Norton.
  • Lacan, J. (1977) Écrits: A Selection (Alan Sheridan Trans), London: Tavistock.
  • Marriott, D. (2010). “On Racial Fetishism”, Qui Parle, 18 (2), 215-248.
  • McDowell, D. E. (1981). “The Self in Bloom: Alice Walker’s Meridian”, CLA Journal, 24 (3), 262-275.
  • McGowan, M. J. (1981). “Atonement and Release in Alice Walker’s Meridian”, Critique: Studies in Contemporary Fiction, 23 (1), 25-36.
  • Meese, E. A. (1986). Crossing the Double-Cross: The Practice of Feminist Criticism, Chapel Hill: U of North Carolina P.
  • Nadel, A. (1988). “Reading the Body: Alice Walker’s Meridian and the Archeology of Self”, Modern Fiction Studies, 34 (1), 55-68.
  • Rivkin, J.; Ryan, M. (Eds). (2004). Literary Theory: An Anthology (Second Edition), UK: Blackwell Publishing.
  • Stein, K. F. (1986). “Meridian: Alice Walker’s Critique of Revolution”, Black American Literature Forum, 20 (1-2), 129-141.
  • Tewkesbury, P. (2011). “Keeping the Dream Alive: Meridian as Alice Walker’s Homage to Martin Luther King and the Beloved Community”, Religion and the Arts, 15, 603-627.
  • Tura, S. M. (2012). Freud’dan Lacan’a Psikanaliz, İstanbul: Kanat Kitap.
  • Uslu, D. A. (1998). Onların Özgür Zencileri de Vardır, İzmir: Dokuz Eylül Yayınları.
  • Walker, A. (1976). Meridian, New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich.
  • Walker, A. (1983). In Search of Our Mothers’ Garden: Womanist Prose, New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich.

White Fetishism in Meridian: A Lacanian Interpretation

Year 2024, Volume: 8 Issue: 2, 212 - 222, 22.10.2024
https://doi.org/10.31465/eeder.1404969

Abstract

Fetishism, a term long explored within the field of psychoanalysis, has been subject to various theoretical interpretations for over a century. One such perspective is offered by Jacques Lacan, a prominent French psychoanalyst, who explored the connection between desire, lack, the symbolic order, and the fetish object. His main argument is based on the idea that human desire is not rooted in the pursuit of an object but is instead fueled by the inherent lack in the subject. Drawing upon Lacan’s psychoanalytic framework, this article explores Alice Walker’s novel Meridian (1976) in terms of Truman Held’s symbolic desires and the complex relationships that shape his identity. This study applies a qualitative approach, deploying close textual analysis of key passages from the novel to identify instances of fetishism. The fetish, as a symbolic substitute for the unattainable object, emerges as a crucial element in comprehending Truman’s coping mechanisms and attempts to reconcile his fragmented self. Ultimately, this study contributes to a deeper understanding of the novel’s psychological dimensions, illuminating the character’s struggles for identity formation, agency, and liberation by uncovering the ways in which desire becomes a driving force within the broader socio-political context.

References

  • Anderson, J. (1993). “Re-Writing Race: Subverting Language in Anne Moody’s Coming of Age in Mississippi and Alice Walker’s Meridian”, a/b: Auto/ Biography Studies, 8 (1), 33-50.
  • Böhm, S.; Batta, A. (2010). “Just Doing It: Enjoying Commodity Fetishism with Lacan”, Organization, 17 (3), 345-361.
  • Danielson, S. (1989). “Alice Walker’s Meridian, Feminism, and the ‘Movement’”, Women’s Studies: An Inter-disciplinary Journal, 16 (3), 317-330.
  • Dant, T. (1996). “Fetishism and the Social Value of Objects”, The Sociological Review, 44 (3), 495-516.
  • Duck, L. A. (2008). “Listening to Melancholia: Alice Walker’s Meridian”, Patterns of Prejudice, 42 (4), 439-464.
  • Freud, S. (1905a [1953]). “Three Essays on the Theory of Sexuality”. In J. Strachey (Ed. & Trans.), The Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological Works of Sigmund Freud (Vol. 7, pp. 123-320), London: The Hogarth Press.
  • Freud, S. (1927b [1961]). “Fetishism”. In J. Strachey (Ed. & Trans.), The Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological Works of Sigmund Freud (Vol. 21, pp. 149-158), London: The Hogarth Press.
  • Gamman, L.; Makinen, M. (1994). Female Fetishism: A New Look, London: Lawrence and Wishart.
  • Hendrickson, R. M. (1999). “Remembering the Dream: Alice Walker, Meridian and The Civil Rights Movement”, MELUS, 24 (3), 111-128.
  • Hollenberg, D. K. (1991). “Teaching Alice Walker’s Meridian: From Self-Defense to Mutual Discovery”, MELUS, 17 (4), 81-89.
  • Lacan, J. (1966 [2006]). Ecrits (B. Fink Trans.), New York: Norton.
  • Lacan, J. (1977) Écrits: A Selection (Alan Sheridan Trans), London: Tavistock.
  • Marriott, D. (2010). “On Racial Fetishism”, Qui Parle, 18 (2), 215-248.
  • McDowell, D. E. (1981). “The Self in Bloom: Alice Walker’s Meridian”, CLA Journal, 24 (3), 262-275.
  • McGowan, M. J. (1981). “Atonement and Release in Alice Walker’s Meridian”, Critique: Studies in Contemporary Fiction, 23 (1), 25-36.
  • Meese, E. A. (1986). Crossing the Double-Cross: The Practice of Feminist Criticism, Chapel Hill: U of North Carolina P.
  • Nadel, A. (1988). “Reading the Body: Alice Walker’s Meridian and the Archeology of Self”, Modern Fiction Studies, 34 (1), 55-68.
  • Rivkin, J.; Ryan, M. (Eds). (2004). Literary Theory: An Anthology (Second Edition), UK: Blackwell Publishing.
  • Stein, K. F. (1986). “Meridian: Alice Walker’s Critique of Revolution”, Black American Literature Forum, 20 (1-2), 129-141.
  • Tewkesbury, P. (2011). “Keeping the Dream Alive: Meridian as Alice Walker’s Homage to Martin Luther King and the Beloved Community”, Religion and the Arts, 15, 603-627.
  • Tura, S. M. (2012). Freud’dan Lacan’a Psikanaliz, İstanbul: Kanat Kitap.
  • Uslu, D. A. (1998). Onların Özgür Zencileri de Vardır, İzmir: Dokuz Eylül Yayınları.
  • Walker, A. (1976). Meridian, New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich.
  • Walker, A. (1983). In Search of Our Mothers’ Garden: Womanist Prose, New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich.
There are 24 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Literary Theory
Journal Section ARAŞTIRMA MAKALELERİ
Authors

Pınar Süt Güngör 0000-0003-2324-2929

Publication Date October 22, 2024
Submission Date December 14, 2023
Acceptance Date June 7, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 8 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Süt Güngör, P. (2024). White Fetishism in Meridian: A Lacanian Interpretation. Edebi Eleştiri Dergisi, 8(2), 212-222. https://doi.org/10.31465/eeder.1404969
AMA Süt Güngör P. White Fetishism in Meridian: A Lacanian Interpretation. EEDER. October 2024;8(2):212-222. doi:10.31465/eeder.1404969
Chicago Süt Güngör, Pınar. “White Fetishism in Meridian: A Lacanian Interpretation”. Edebi Eleştiri Dergisi 8, no. 2 (October 2024): 212-22. https://doi.org/10.31465/eeder.1404969.
EndNote Süt Güngör P (October 1, 2024) White Fetishism in Meridian: A Lacanian Interpretation. Edebi Eleştiri Dergisi 8 2 212–222.
IEEE P. Süt Güngör, “White Fetishism in Meridian: A Lacanian Interpretation”, EEDER, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 212–222, 2024, doi: 10.31465/eeder.1404969.
ISNAD Süt Güngör, Pınar. “White Fetishism in Meridian: A Lacanian Interpretation”. Edebi Eleştiri Dergisi 8/2 (October 2024), 212-222. https://doi.org/10.31465/eeder.1404969.
JAMA Süt Güngör P. White Fetishism in Meridian: A Lacanian Interpretation. EEDER. 2024;8:212–222.
MLA Süt Güngör, Pınar. “White Fetishism in Meridian: A Lacanian Interpretation”. Edebi Eleştiri Dergisi, vol. 8, no. 2, 2024, pp. 212-2, doi:10.31465/eeder.1404969.
Vancouver Süt Güngör P. White Fetishism in Meridian: A Lacanian Interpretation. EEDER. 2024;8(2):212-2.

Journal of Literary Criticism is a refereed journal published in the scope of literature.