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Year 2014, Volume: 15 Issue: 1, 112 - 124, 10.07.2014

Barış Yaka

https://doi.org/10.12984/eed.72966

Abstract

Essentially, an analogue research is an experimental research conducted under conditions that resemble natural conditions. Analogue research which has been accepted in the field and also has become very popular for a period is a kind of research that is used in quite various and creative ways since it has been used for the first time in counseling researches. Analogue research has different advantages for researchers especially on experimental control and ethical issues. However many researcher denote that the most significant and important limitation of analogue methodology is external validity. Discussions related to analogue research mainly arise from dichotomizing experimental counseling research as analogue or naturalistic research often in the literature. It is assumed that analogue research may be mainly helpful for researchers about issues needed to be examined by experimental research in counseling and guidance in Turkey. Moreover, it is thought that similar methodological discussions and examinations somewhat carried out in this article should be carried out in Turkey further.

Keywords

counseling research analogue research experimental research laboratory research external validity.

References

  • Analog. (tarihsiz). Türk Dil Kurumu Güncel Türkçe Sözlük Genel Ağ sürümü içinde. http://www.tdk.org.tr/index.php?option=com_gts&arama=gts&guid=T DK.GTS.51f670a092c529.72127182 adresinden elde edildi.
  • Bordin, E.S. (1965). Simplification as a strategy for research in psychotherapy. Journal of Consulting Psychology, 29, 493-503. doi:10.1037/h0022760
  • Borkovec, T. ve Rachman, S. (1979). The utility of analogue research. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 17, 253-261. doi:10.1016/0005-7967(79)90040-8
  • Cook, B. G. ve Rumrill, P. D. (2005). Using and interpreting analogue designs. Work: A Journal of Prevention, Assessment and Rehabilitation, 24(1), 93-97. Cowen, E. L. (1961). The experimental analogue: An approach to research in psychotherapy. Psychological Reports, 8, 9-10. doi:10.2466/pr0.1961.8.1.9 Erford, B. T., Miller, E. M., Schein, H., McDonald, A., Ludwig, L. ve Leishear, K. (2011). Journal of counseling & development publication patterns: Author and article characteristics from 1994 to 2009. Journal of Counseling & Development, 89, 73-80. doi:10.1002/j.1556-6678.2011.tb00062.x
  • Gelso, C. J. (1979). Research in counseling: Methodological and professional issues. The Counseling Psychologist, 8, 7– doi:1177/001100007900800303
  • Goldstein, A. P., Heller, K. ve Sechrest, L. B. (1966). Psychotherapy and the psychology of behavior change. New York, NY: John Wiley and Sons.
  • Güven, M., Kısaç, İ., Ercan, L. ve Yalçın, İ. (2009). Türk psikolojik danışma ve rehberlik dergisinde yayınlanan makalelerin çeşitli özellikler açısından incelenmesi. Türk Psikolojik Danışma ve Rehberlik Dergisi, 4(31), 80-87.
  • Harmon, L. W. (1978). The counselor as consumer of research. İçinde L. Goldman (Ed.), Research methods for counselors: Practical approaches in field settings. (s. 29-78). New York, NY: John Wiley and Sons.
  • Heller, K. (1971). Laboratory interview research as analogue to treatment. İçinde A. E. Bergin ve S.L. Garfield (Ed.), Handbook of psychotherapy and behavior change: An empirical analysis. (s. 126-153). New York, NY: John Wiley and Sons.
  • Heppner, P. P., Wampold, B. E. ve Kivlighan, D. M., Jr. (2008). Research design in counseling (3. Baskı). Belmont, CA: Thomson Brooks/Cole.
  • Hill, C. E. (1991). Almost everything you ever wanted to know about how to do process research on counseling and psychotherapy but didn't know who to ask. C. E. Watkins, Jr. & L. J. Schneider (Eds.), Research in counseling (s. 85-118) içinde. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
  • Kazdin, A. E. (1978). Evaluating the generality of findings in analogue therapy research. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 46, 673-686. doi:1037/0022-006X.46.4.673
  • Kazdin, A. E. (1991). Research design in clinical psychology (2. Baskı). Boston, MA: Allyn and Bacon.
  • Kazdin, A. E. ve Rogers, T. (1978). On paradigms and recycled ideologies: Analogue research revisited. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 2, 105-117. doi:1007-bf01172519
  • Keet, C. D. (1948). Two verbal techniques in a miniature counseling situation. Psychological Monographs: General and Applied, 62(7, Whole No. 294), i-56. doi:1037/h0093586
  • Kiesler, D. J. (1971). Experimental designs in psychotherapy research. İçinde A.E. Bergin ve S.L. Garfield (Ed.), Handbook of psychotherapy and behavior change: An empirical analysis. (s. 36-74). New York, NY: John Wiley and Sons.
  • Kushner, K. (1978). On the external validity of two psychotherapy analogues. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 46, 1394-1402. doi:1037/0022-006X.46.6.1394
  • Lazarus, R. S. (1963). A laboratory approach to the dynamics of psychological stress. Administrative Science Quarterly, 8(2), 192-213.
  • Meltzoff, J. (1979). Commentary and reflections on research in counseling. The Counseling Psychologist, 8, 36-39. doi:10.1177/001100007900800304
  • Munley, P. H. (1974). A review of counseling analogue research methods. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 21, 320-330. doi:10.1037/h0036734
  • Scheel, M. J., Berman, M., Friedlander, M. L., Conoley, C. W., Duan, C. ve Whiston, S. C. (2011a). Whatever happened to counseling in counseling psychology? The Counseling Psychologist, 39, 673-69 doi:1177/0011000010380278
  • Scheel, M. J., Berman, M., Friedlander, M. L., Conoley, C. W., Duan, C. ve Whiston, S. C. (2011b). Counseling-related research in counseling psychology: Creating bricks, not edifices. The Counseling Psychologist, 39, 719-7 doi:10.1177/0011000011410894
  • Strong, S. R. (1971). Experimental laboratory research in counseling. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 18, 106-110. doi:10.1037/h0030614
  • Weidmann, A., Conradi, A., Gröger, K., Fehm, L. ve Fydrich, T. (2009). Using stressful films to analyze risk factors for PTSD in analogue experimental studies - which film works best? Anxiety, Stress, & Coping, 22(5), 549-569. doi:1080/10615800802541986
  • Zane, N., Hall, G. C. N., Sue, S., Young, K. ve Nunez, J. (2004). Research on psychotherapy with culturally diverse populations. M. J. Lambert (Ed.), Bergin and Garfield’s handbook of psychotherapy and behavior change (5. Baskı) (s. 767-804) içinde. New York, NY: Wiley.

Psikolojik Danışma ve Rehberlik Alanında Analog Araştırmal

Year 2014, Volume: 15 Issue: 1, 112 - 124, 10.07.2014

Barış Yaka

https://doi.org/10.12984/eed.72966

Abstract

Analog araştırma kavramı esas olarak, doğal koşullara benzer koşullarda gerçekleştirilen deneysel araştırmayı ifade etmektedir. Analog araştırma yöntemi, psikolojik danışma araştırmaları kapsamında ilk kez kullanıldığı tarihten bugüne, alanda kabul gören ve özellikle bir dönem çok popüler hâle gelmiş, oldukça çeşitli ve yaratıcı biçimlerde kullanılan bir araştırma yöntemidir. Analog araştırmalar, özellikle deneysel kontrol ve etik konularında araştırmacılara çeşitli avantajlar sağlamaktadır. Bununla birlikte birçok araştırmacı, analog araştırmaların en belirgin ve önemli sınırlılığının dış geçerlilik olduğunu ifade etmektedir. Ancak, analog araştırmalarla ilgili tartışmalar büyük ölçüde, deneysel psikolojik danışma araştırmalarının literatürde genellikle, analog araştırmalar ve doğal koşullarda gerçekleştirilen araştırmalar şeklinde ikiye ayrılarak kavramlaştırılmasından kaynaklanmaktadır. Analog araştırma yönteminin, Türkiye’de psikolojik danışma ve rehberlik alanında deneysel araştırma yöntemiyle ele alınması gereken meselelerde, araştırmacılara yardımcı olabilecek başta gelen yöntemlerden biri olduğu düşünülmektedir. Ayrıca, bu makalede biraz da olsa gerçekleştirilmeye çalışılan yöntem bilimsel tartışmanın, incelemenin, Türkiye’de daha fazla yapılması gerektiğine inanılmaktadır.

Keywords

psikolojik danışma araştırmaları analog araştırma deneysel araştırma laboratuvar araştırmaları dış geçerlilik.

References

  • Analog. (tarihsiz). Türk Dil Kurumu Güncel Türkçe Sözlük Genel Ağ sürümü içinde. http://www.tdk.org.tr/index.php?option=com_gts&arama=gts&guid=T DK.GTS.51f670a092c529.72127182 adresinden elde edildi.
  • Bordin, E.S. (1965). Simplification as a strategy for research in psychotherapy. Journal of Consulting Psychology, 29, 493-503. doi:10.1037/h0022760
  • Borkovec, T. ve Rachman, S. (1979). The utility of analogue research. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 17, 253-261. doi:10.1016/0005-7967(79)90040-8
  • Cook, B. G. ve Rumrill, P. D. (2005). Using and interpreting analogue designs. Work: A Journal of Prevention, Assessment and Rehabilitation, 24(1), 93-97. Cowen, E. L. (1961). The experimental analogue: An approach to research in psychotherapy. Psychological Reports, 8, 9-10. doi:10.2466/pr0.1961.8.1.9 Erford, B. T., Miller, E. M., Schein, H., McDonald, A., Ludwig, L. ve Leishear, K. (2011). Journal of counseling & development publication patterns: Author and article characteristics from 1994 to 2009. Journal of Counseling & Development, 89, 73-80. doi:10.1002/j.1556-6678.2011.tb00062.x
  • Gelso, C. J. (1979). Research in counseling: Methodological and professional issues. The Counseling Psychologist, 8, 7– doi:1177/001100007900800303
  • Goldstein, A. P., Heller, K. ve Sechrest, L. B. (1966). Psychotherapy and the psychology of behavior change. New York, NY: John Wiley and Sons.
  • Güven, M., Kısaç, İ., Ercan, L. ve Yalçın, İ. (2009). Türk psikolojik danışma ve rehberlik dergisinde yayınlanan makalelerin çeşitli özellikler açısından incelenmesi. Türk Psikolojik Danışma ve Rehberlik Dergisi, 4(31), 80-87.
  • Harmon, L. W. (1978). The counselor as consumer of research. İçinde L. Goldman (Ed.), Research methods for counselors: Practical approaches in field settings. (s. 29-78). New York, NY: John Wiley and Sons.
  • Heller, K. (1971). Laboratory interview research as analogue to treatment. İçinde A. E. Bergin ve S.L. Garfield (Ed.), Handbook of psychotherapy and behavior change: An empirical analysis. (s. 126-153). New York, NY: John Wiley and Sons.
  • Heppner, P. P., Wampold, B. E. ve Kivlighan, D. M., Jr. (2008). Research design in counseling (3. Baskı). Belmont, CA: Thomson Brooks/Cole.
  • Hill, C. E. (1991). Almost everything you ever wanted to know about how to do process research on counseling and psychotherapy but didn't know who to ask. C. E. Watkins, Jr. & L. J. Schneider (Eds.), Research in counseling (s. 85-118) içinde. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
  • Kazdin, A. E. (1978). Evaluating the generality of findings in analogue therapy research. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 46, 673-686. doi:1037/0022-006X.46.4.673
  • Kazdin, A. E. (1991). Research design in clinical psychology (2. Baskı). Boston, MA: Allyn and Bacon.
  • Kazdin, A. E. ve Rogers, T. (1978). On paradigms and recycled ideologies: Analogue research revisited. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 2, 105-117. doi:1007-bf01172519
  • Keet, C. D. (1948). Two verbal techniques in a miniature counseling situation. Psychological Monographs: General and Applied, 62(7, Whole No. 294), i-56. doi:1037/h0093586
  • Kiesler, D. J. (1971). Experimental designs in psychotherapy research. İçinde A.E. Bergin ve S.L. Garfield (Ed.), Handbook of psychotherapy and behavior change: An empirical analysis. (s. 36-74). New York, NY: John Wiley and Sons.
  • Kushner, K. (1978). On the external validity of two psychotherapy analogues. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 46, 1394-1402. doi:1037/0022-006X.46.6.1394
  • Lazarus, R. S. (1963). A laboratory approach to the dynamics of psychological stress. Administrative Science Quarterly, 8(2), 192-213.
  • Meltzoff, J. (1979). Commentary and reflections on research in counseling. The Counseling Psychologist, 8, 36-39. doi:10.1177/001100007900800304
  • Munley, P. H. (1974). A review of counseling analogue research methods. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 21, 320-330. doi:10.1037/h0036734
  • Scheel, M. J., Berman, M., Friedlander, M. L., Conoley, C. W., Duan, C. ve Whiston, S. C. (2011a). Whatever happened to counseling in counseling psychology? The Counseling Psychologist, 39, 673-69 doi:1177/0011000010380278
  • Scheel, M. J., Berman, M., Friedlander, M. L., Conoley, C. W., Duan, C. ve Whiston, S. C. (2011b). Counseling-related research in counseling psychology: Creating bricks, not edifices. The Counseling Psychologist, 39, 719-7 doi:10.1177/0011000011410894
  • Strong, S. R. (1971). Experimental laboratory research in counseling. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 18, 106-110. doi:10.1037/h0030614
  • Weidmann, A., Conradi, A., Gröger, K., Fehm, L. ve Fydrich, T. (2009). Using stressful films to analyze risk factors for PTSD in analogue experimental studies - which film works best? Anxiety, Stress, & Coping, 22(5), 549-569. doi:1080/10615800802541986
  • Zane, N., Hall, G. C. N., Sue, S., Young, K. ve Nunez, J. (2004). Research on psychotherapy with culturally diverse populations. M. J. Lambert (Ed.), Bergin and Garfield’s handbook of psychotherapy and behavior change (5. Baskı) (s. 767-804) içinde. New York, NY: Wiley.
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Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Articles
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Barış Yaka

Publication Date July 10, 2014
Published in Issue Year 2014 Volume: 15 Issue: 1

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APA Yaka, B. (2014). Psikolojik Danışma ve Rehberlik Alanında Analog Araştırmal. Ege Eğitim Dergisi, 15(1), 112-124. https://doi.org/10.12984/eed.72966
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