Molecular Identification of Sooty Molds on Wheat Fields in Central Anatolia Region and Effect of Seed Germination

Year 2017, Volume: 1 Issue: 1, 73 - 81, 30.08.2017

Filiz Ünal , Emel Çakır

Abstract

Surveys were conducted in
wheat growing areas of Konya, Ankara, Eskişehir, Yozgat, Kayseri, Kırıkkale,
Kırşehir, Aksaray, Nevşehir provinces in 2011-2012 growing seasons in Central Anatolia Region, Turkey. Black heads and
black spots on leaves were seen especially during late surveys and
the contamination rate in these fields was observed between 40-100%. Thirty six wheat samples were collected from the
fields. As a result of isolation from heads, leaves and
grains, 88 ‘Sooty Mold’ isolates were obtained belonging to 5 different fungus
genus. These fungi cause, known as black point, damage (discolored) grain which
affect quality and marketability. In consequence of morphologic identification
and DNA sequence analysis, isolates obtained from infected black heads and
leaves were determined as Alternaria
alternata, Alternaria. chlamydosporigena, Alternaria infectoria, Alternaria
quercus, Alternaria tenuissima, Alternaria triticina, Cladosporium
cladosporioides, Cladosporium herbarum, Cochliobolus sativus, Epicoccum nigrum and Stemphylium sp. The isolations were
made from the grains observed black point, A.
alternata, A. infectoria, A. tenuissima, A. triticina, Cochliobolus sativus,
Cladosporium cladosporioides, C. herbarum, Epicoccum nigrum and Stemphylium sp, were determined. The
most prevalent species was found as Alternaria
alternata in the fields. In each wheat cultivar tested in inoculated seeds significantly reduced their germination.

Keywords

Sooty molds. Black head, Wheat, Molecular, Germination

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