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How is COVID-19 affecting the renewable energy sector and the electric power grid?

Year 2021, Issue: 27, 489 - 494, 30.11.2021
https://doi.org/10.31590/ejosat.890451

Abstract

It is not new to say that clean energy is better than energy from fossil fuels. What's new is that the world has a unique opportunity to accelerate clean development by putting renewable energy at the center of Covid-19 economic recovery plans. The process began with the individual quarantine of people; the closure of businesses, the decrease in the workforce and cash flow of companies, serious problems in production affected many sectors, including the energy sector, and currently, ongoing construction in power generation facilities has come to a standstill. In this study, it was investigated how the epidemic affected the renewable energy sector. Overall, energy demand fell but did not collapse completely. The most significant impact is felt in production centers and businesses where industrial demand is decreasing, but there is an increase in residential customer demand. Along with the decrease in natural gas prices, the decrease in demand caused the prices in the electricity wholesale markets to decrease. Although the fossil resources demand significantly decreased during the epidemic period, it remains uncertain for the post-epidemic period, there are signs that there may be changes in the global market structure, but the impact on renewable energy investments may be limited. On the renewable energy side, where energy investments have decreased significantly due to the epidemic, many investor companies are suffering from disruptions in the supply chain. However, the recovery of activities in China, the largest producer, will significantly reduce the negative impact in the short term.

References

  • Abadie, L. M. (2021). Energy market prices in times of COVID-19: The case of electricity and natural gas in Spain. Energies, 14(6), 1632. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14061632
  • Abbas, A. M., Fathy, S. K., Fawzy, A. T., Salem, A. S., Shawky, M. S. (2020). The mutual effects of COVID-19 and obesity. Obesity medicine, 19, 100250. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.obmed.2020.100250
  • Abu-Rayash, A., Dincer, I. (2020). Analysis of mobility trends during the COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic: Exploring the impacts on global aviation and travel in selected cities. Energy research & social science, 68, 101693. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2020.101693
  • Al-Maamary, H. M., Kazem, H. A., Chaichan, M. T. (2017). Renewable energy and GCC States energy challenges in the 21st century: A review. International Journal of Computation and Applied Sciences IJOCAAS, 2(1), 11-18.
  • Bakar, N. A., Rosbi, S. (2020). Effect of Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) to tourism industry. International Journal of Advanced Engineering Research and Science, 7(4), 189-193. https://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijaers.74.23
  • Berger, J. R. (2020). COVID-19 and the nervous system. Journal of neurovirology, 26, 143-148. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13365-020-00840-5
  • Bostan, S., Erdem, R., Öztürk, Y. E., Kılıç, T., Yılmaz, A. (2020). The Effect of COVID-19 Pandemic on the Turkish Society. Electronic Journal of General Medicine, 17(6). https://doi.org/10.29333/ejgm/7944
  • Brown, M. T., Ulgiati, S. (2011). Understanding the global economic crisis: A biophysical perspective. Ecological Modelling, 223(1), 4-13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2011.05.019
  • B. Majumder, S. Hardin, C. Moser, (2020), The Impact of the Coronavirus on the Renewable Energy Industry https://www.americanprogress.org/issues/green/news/2020/04/15/483219/impact-coronavirus-renewable-energy-industry/
  • Cansado-Bravo, P., Rodríguez-Monroy, C. (2020). The Effects of Structural Breaks on Energy Resources in the Long Run. Evidence from the Last Two Oil Price Crashes before COVID-19. Designs, 4(4), 49. https://doi.org/10.3390/designs4040049
  • Donthu, N., Gustafsson, A. (2020). Effects of COVID-19 on business and research. Journal of business research, 117, 284. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2020.06.008
  • Douglas, M., Katikireddi, S. V., Taulbut, M., McKee, M., McCartney, G. (2020). Mitigating the wider health effects of covid-19 pandemic response. Bmj, 369. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.m1557
  • Dutta, A., Jana, R. K., Das, D. (2020). Do green investments react to oil price shocks? Implications for sustainable development. Journal of Cleaner Production, 266, 121956. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.121956
  • Eckhouse, B., Martin, C. (2020). Coronavirus Crushing Global Forecasts for Wind and Solar Power. Bloomberg Green.
  • Fernandes, N. (2020). Economic effects of coronavirus outbreak (COVID-19) on the world economy. Available at SSRN 3557504. https://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3557504
  • Gurel, B. (2020). Türkiye’deki Güncel Biyokütle Potansiyelinin Belirlenmesi ve Yakılmasıyla Enerji Üretimi İyi Bir Alternatif Olan Biyokütle Atıklar İçin Sektörel Açıdan ve Toplam Yanma Enerji Değerlerinin Hesaplanması. Mühendislik Bilimleri ve Tasarım Dergisi, 8(2), 407-416. https://doi.org/10.21923/jesd.671767
  • Haleem, A., Javaid, M., Vaishya, R. (2020). Effects of COVID 19 pandemic in daily life. Current medicine research and practice. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmrp.2020.03.011
  • Haleem, A., Javaid, M., Vaishya, R., Vaish, A. (2020). Effects of COVID-19 pandemic in the field of orthopaedics. Journal of clinical orthopaedics and trauma, 11(3), 498. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcot.2020.03.015
  • Hoang, A. T., Nižetić, S., Olcer, A. I., Ong, H. C., Chen, W. H., Chong, C. T., ... Nguyen, X. P. (2021). Impacts of COVID-19 pandemic on the global energy system and the shift progress to renewable energy: Opportunities, challenges, and policy implications. Energy Policy, 154, 112322. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2021.112322
  • Hosseini, S. E. (2020). An outlook on the global development of renewable and sustainable energy at the time of COVID-19. Energy Research & Social Science, 68, 101633. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2020.101633 Iadecola, C., Anrather, J., Kamel, H. (2020). Effects of COVID-19 on the nervous system. Cell. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2020.08.028
  • IEA, Renewable Energy Market Update Outlook for 2020 and 2021, International Energy Agency, p:16. Issawi, C. (1978). The 1973 oil crisis and after. Journal of Post Keynesian Economics, 1(2), 3-26. https://doi.org/10.1080/01603477.1978.11489099
  • Karacan, R., Mukhtarov, S., Barış, İ., İşleyen, A., Yardımcı, M. E. (2021). The Impact of Oil Price on Transition toward Renewable Energy Consumption? Evidence from Russia. Energies, 14(10), 2947. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14102947
  • Kaushik, M., Guleria, N. (2020). The impact of pandemic COVID-19 in workplace. European Journal of Business and Management, 12(15), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.7176/ejbm/12-15-02
  • Keith, K. (2020). COVID-19 Package# 3: The coverage provisions. Health Affairs blog. https://www. healthaffairs. org/do/10.1377/hblog20200320, 739699.
  • Kejzar, K. Z., Velic, A. (2020). Covid-19, trade collapse and GVC linkages: European experience. Covid Economics, 61, 222-244.
  • Khan, M. I., Yasmeen, T., Shakoor, A., Khan, N. B., Muhammad, R. (2017). 2014 oil plunge: Causes and impacts on renewable energy. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 68, 609-622. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2016.10.026
  • Korbel, J. O., Stegle, O. (2020). Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on life scientists. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13059-020-02031-1
  • Kroll, J. H., Heald, C. L., Cappa, C. D., Farmer, D. K., Fry, J. L., Murphy, J. G., Steiner, A. L. (2020). The complex chemical effects of COVID-19 shutdowns on air quality. Nature Chemistry, 12(9), 777-779. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41557-020-0535-z
  • Miketa, A., Merven, B. (2013). West African power pool: Planning and prospects for renewable energy.
  • N. Haase (2014), DW https://www.dw.com/en/what-future-for-eus-energy-supply/a-17542697 Osborne M., “BloombergNEF cuts global solar demand forecast on coronavirus concerns”, https://www.pv-tech.org/news/bloombergnef-cuts-global-solar-demand-forecast-on-coronavirus-concerns
  • Pereira-Sanchez, V., Adiukwu, F., El Hayek, S., Bytyçi, D. G., Gonzalez-Diaz, J. M., Kundadak, G. K., ... da Costa, M. P. (2020). COVID-19 effect on mental health: patients and workforce. The Lancet Psychiatry, 7(6), e29-e30. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30153-X
  • Pillai, S., Siddika, N., Apu, E. H., Kabir, R. (2020). COVID-19: Situation of European countries so far. Archives of medical research, 51(7), 723-725. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arcmed.2020.05.015
  • Radu, A., Panaite, C. E., Popescu, A. (2020, December). Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on renewable sources implementation: case of PV systems in Romania. In IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering (Vol. 997, No. 1, p. 012154). IOP Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/997/1/012154
  • Reuters, (2020) Oil Report, June 15, 2020, US clean energy sector loses 18% of jobs during pandemic, https://www.reuters.com/article/usa-clean-energy-jobs/us-clean-energy-sector-loses-18-of-jobs-during-pandemic-report-idINL1N2DS18M?edition-redirect=in
  • Rodríguez-Fernández, L., Carvajal, A. B. F., Ruiz-Gómez, L. M. (2020). Evolution of European Union's energy security in gas supply during Russia–Ukraine gas crises (2006–2009). Energy Strategy Reviews, 30, 100518. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esr.2020.100518
  • Sayigh, A. (2020). Solar and wind energy will supply more than 50% of world electricity by 2030. In Green Buildings and Renewable Energy (pp. 385-399). Springer, Cham. TEİAŞ YTBS, https://ytbsbilgi.teias.gov.tr/ytbsbilgi/frm_istatistikler.jsf
  • Tingting Xu, A., Weijun Gao, B., Yanxue Li, C., Fanyue Qian, D. (2021). Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the reduction of electricity demand and the integration of renewable energy into the power grid. Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy, 13(2), 026304. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0045825
  • Van de Graaf, T., Colgan, J. D. (2017). Russian gas games or well-oiled conflict? Energy security and the 2014 Ukraine crisis. Energy Research & Social Science, 24, 59-64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2016.12.018
  • Weko, S., Eicke, L., Quitzow, R., Bersalli, G., Lira, F., Marian, A., ... Xue, B. (2020). Covid-19 and Carbon Lock-In: Impacts on the Energy transition.
  • World Health Organization (WHO), https://covid19.who.int/region/euro/country/tr
  • Zambrano-Monserrate, M. A., Ruano, M. A., Sanchez-Alcalde, L. (2020). Indirect effects of COVID-19 on the environment. Science of the Total Environment, 728, 138813. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138813
  • Zhang, H., Yan, J., Yu, Q., Obersteiner, M., Li, W., Chen, J., ... Shibasaki, R. (2021). 1.6 million transactions replicate distributed PV market slowdown by COVID-19 lockdown. Applied Energy, 283, 116341. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2020.116341
  • Zhao, X. (2020). Do the stock returns of clean energy corporations respond to oil price shocks and policy uncertainty? Journal of Economic Structures, 9(1), 1-16. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40008-020-00229-x
  • Veronika Henze, (2020). Electric Vehicle Sales to Fall 18% in 2020 but Long-term Prospects Remain Undimmed. BloombergNEF.

COVID-19 salgını yenilenebilir enerji sektörünü ve elektrik şebekesini nasıl etkiliyor?

Year 2021, Issue: 27, 489 - 494, 30.11.2021
https://doi.org/10.31590/ejosat.890451

Abstract

Günümüzde temiz enerjinin fosil yakıtlardan elde edilen enerjiden daha iyi olduğunu söylemek eski bir söylem haline geldi. Yeni olan şey, yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarını salgının ekonomik ve sosyal iyileşme planlarının merkezine koyarak dünyanın temiz kalkınmayı hızlandırmak için eşsiz bir fırsata sahip olmasıdır. Covid-19 süreci, kişilerin bireysel olarak karantinaya alınmasıyla başlamış; işletmelerin kapanması, iş gücünün azalması, üretimde yaşanan ciddi sorunlar enerji sektörü de dâhil olmak üzere birçok sektörü etkilemiş, enerji sektöründe çalışan birçok kişinin maaşlarında kesintiye gidilmiş veya işten çıkartılmış ve hâlihazırda elektrik üretim tesislerinde devam eden inşaatlar durma noktasına gelmiştir. Bu çalışmada salgının yenilenebilir enerji sektörünü ve elektrik kullanımını nasıl etkilediği araştırıldı. "Covid yılı" olarak nitelenen 2020'de küresel enerji talebi düştü ancak tamamen çökmedi. Salgınının sektördeki en büyük etkisi, endüstriyel talebin azaldığı ticarethanelerde ve üretim merkezlerinde hissedilmektedir, ancak konut müşteri talebinde artış gözlemlenmektedir. Dogalgaz fiyatlarındaki düşüş ve üretim fazlası olacağı tahminleri elektrik toptan satış fiyatlarının gerilemesine sebep oldu. Pandemi döneminde fosil kaynak talebinde ciddi oranda azalma salgın sonrası için meydana gelen olumsuz etkilerin ne kadar süreceği belirsizliğini korumakla birlikte, yenilenebilir enerji yatırımları üzerindeki etkisinin sınırlı kalabileceğine dair işaretler bulunmaktadır. Salgın nedeniyle enerji yatırımlarının önemli ölçüde azaldığı yenilenebilir enerji tarafında, yatırımcı birçok şirket tedarik zincirindeki bozulmalardan dolayı sıkıntı yaşamaktadır. Ancak, en büyük üretici konumunda olan Çin’deki üretim faaliyetlerin güç kazanmasıyla kısa vadede global enerji sektöründeki olumsuz etkiyi önemli ölçüde azaltacaktır.

References

  • Abadie, L. M. (2021). Energy market prices in times of COVID-19: The case of electricity and natural gas in Spain. Energies, 14(6), 1632. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14061632
  • Abbas, A. M., Fathy, S. K., Fawzy, A. T., Salem, A. S., Shawky, M. S. (2020). The mutual effects of COVID-19 and obesity. Obesity medicine, 19, 100250. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.obmed.2020.100250
  • Abu-Rayash, A., Dincer, I. (2020). Analysis of mobility trends during the COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic: Exploring the impacts on global aviation and travel in selected cities. Energy research & social science, 68, 101693. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2020.101693
  • Al-Maamary, H. M., Kazem, H. A., Chaichan, M. T. (2017). Renewable energy and GCC States energy challenges in the 21st century: A review. International Journal of Computation and Applied Sciences IJOCAAS, 2(1), 11-18.
  • Bakar, N. A., Rosbi, S. (2020). Effect of Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) to tourism industry. International Journal of Advanced Engineering Research and Science, 7(4), 189-193. https://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijaers.74.23
  • Berger, J. R. (2020). COVID-19 and the nervous system. Journal of neurovirology, 26, 143-148. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13365-020-00840-5
  • Bostan, S., Erdem, R., Öztürk, Y. E., Kılıç, T., Yılmaz, A. (2020). The Effect of COVID-19 Pandemic on the Turkish Society. Electronic Journal of General Medicine, 17(6). https://doi.org/10.29333/ejgm/7944
  • Brown, M. T., Ulgiati, S. (2011). Understanding the global economic crisis: A biophysical perspective. Ecological Modelling, 223(1), 4-13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2011.05.019
  • B. Majumder, S. Hardin, C. Moser, (2020), The Impact of the Coronavirus on the Renewable Energy Industry https://www.americanprogress.org/issues/green/news/2020/04/15/483219/impact-coronavirus-renewable-energy-industry/
  • Cansado-Bravo, P., Rodríguez-Monroy, C. (2020). The Effects of Structural Breaks on Energy Resources in the Long Run. Evidence from the Last Two Oil Price Crashes before COVID-19. Designs, 4(4), 49. https://doi.org/10.3390/designs4040049
  • Donthu, N., Gustafsson, A. (2020). Effects of COVID-19 on business and research. Journal of business research, 117, 284. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2020.06.008
  • Douglas, M., Katikireddi, S. V., Taulbut, M., McKee, M., McCartney, G. (2020). Mitigating the wider health effects of covid-19 pandemic response. Bmj, 369. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.m1557
  • Dutta, A., Jana, R. K., Das, D. (2020). Do green investments react to oil price shocks? Implications for sustainable development. Journal of Cleaner Production, 266, 121956. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.121956
  • Eckhouse, B., Martin, C. (2020). Coronavirus Crushing Global Forecasts for Wind and Solar Power. Bloomberg Green.
  • Fernandes, N. (2020). Economic effects of coronavirus outbreak (COVID-19) on the world economy. Available at SSRN 3557504. https://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3557504
  • Gurel, B. (2020). Türkiye’deki Güncel Biyokütle Potansiyelinin Belirlenmesi ve Yakılmasıyla Enerji Üretimi İyi Bir Alternatif Olan Biyokütle Atıklar İçin Sektörel Açıdan ve Toplam Yanma Enerji Değerlerinin Hesaplanması. Mühendislik Bilimleri ve Tasarım Dergisi, 8(2), 407-416. https://doi.org/10.21923/jesd.671767
  • Haleem, A., Javaid, M., Vaishya, R. (2020). Effects of COVID 19 pandemic in daily life. Current medicine research and practice. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmrp.2020.03.011
  • Haleem, A., Javaid, M., Vaishya, R., Vaish, A. (2020). Effects of COVID-19 pandemic in the field of orthopaedics. Journal of clinical orthopaedics and trauma, 11(3), 498. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcot.2020.03.015
  • Hoang, A. T., Nižetić, S., Olcer, A. I., Ong, H. C., Chen, W. H., Chong, C. T., ... Nguyen, X. P. (2021). Impacts of COVID-19 pandemic on the global energy system and the shift progress to renewable energy: Opportunities, challenges, and policy implications. Energy Policy, 154, 112322. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2021.112322
  • Hosseini, S. E. (2020). An outlook on the global development of renewable and sustainable energy at the time of COVID-19. Energy Research & Social Science, 68, 101633. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2020.101633 Iadecola, C., Anrather, J., Kamel, H. (2020). Effects of COVID-19 on the nervous system. Cell. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2020.08.028
  • IEA, Renewable Energy Market Update Outlook for 2020 and 2021, International Energy Agency, p:16. Issawi, C. (1978). The 1973 oil crisis and after. Journal of Post Keynesian Economics, 1(2), 3-26. https://doi.org/10.1080/01603477.1978.11489099
  • Karacan, R., Mukhtarov, S., Barış, İ., İşleyen, A., Yardımcı, M. E. (2021). The Impact of Oil Price on Transition toward Renewable Energy Consumption? Evidence from Russia. Energies, 14(10), 2947. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14102947
  • Kaushik, M., Guleria, N. (2020). The impact of pandemic COVID-19 in workplace. European Journal of Business and Management, 12(15), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.7176/ejbm/12-15-02
  • Keith, K. (2020). COVID-19 Package# 3: The coverage provisions. Health Affairs blog. https://www. healthaffairs. org/do/10.1377/hblog20200320, 739699.
  • Kejzar, K. Z., Velic, A. (2020). Covid-19, trade collapse and GVC linkages: European experience. Covid Economics, 61, 222-244.
  • Khan, M. I., Yasmeen, T., Shakoor, A., Khan, N. B., Muhammad, R. (2017). 2014 oil plunge: Causes and impacts on renewable energy. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 68, 609-622. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2016.10.026
  • Korbel, J. O., Stegle, O. (2020). Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on life scientists. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13059-020-02031-1
  • Kroll, J. H., Heald, C. L., Cappa, C. D., Farmer, D. K., Fry, J. L., Murphy, J. G., Steiner, A. L. (2020). The complex chemical effects of COVID-19 shutdowns on air quality. Nature Chemistry, 12(9), 777-779. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41557-020-0535-z
  • Miketa, A., Merven, B. (2013). West African power pool: Planning and prospects for renewable energy.
  • N. Haase (2014), DW https://www.dw.com/en/what-future-for-eus-energy-supply/a-17542697 Osborne M., “BloombergNEF cuts global solar demand forecast on coronavirus concerns”, https://www.pv-tech.org/news/bloombergnef-cuts-global-solar-demand-forecast-on-coronavirus-concerns
  • Pereira-Sanchez, V., Adiukwu, F., El Hayek, S., Bytyçi, D. G., Gonzalez-Diaz, J. M., Kundadak, G. K., ... da Costa, M. P. (2020). COVID-19 effect on mental health: patients and workforce. The Lancet Psychiatry, 7(6), e29-e30. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30153-X
  • Pillai, S., Siddika, N., Apu, E. H., Kabir, R. (2020). COVID-19: Situation of European countries so far. Archives of medical research, 51(7), 723-725. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arcmed.2020.05.015
  • Radu, A., Panaite, C. E., Popescu, A. (2020, December). Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on renewable sources implementation: case of PV systems in Romania. In IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering (Vol. 997, No. 1, p. 012154). IOP Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/997/1/012154
  • Reuters, (2020) Oil Report, June 15, 2020, US clean energy sector loses 18% of jobs during pandemic, https://www.reuters.com/article/usa-clean-energy-jobs/us-clean-energy-sector-loses-18-of-jobs-during-pandemic-report-idINL1N2DS18M?edition-redirect=in
  • Rodríguez-Fernández, L., Carvajal, A. B. F., Ruiz-Gómez, L. M. (2020). Evolution of European Union's energy security in gas supply during Russia–Ukraine gas crises (2006–2009). Energy Strategy Reviews, 30, 100518. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esr.2020.100518
  • Sayigh, A. (2020). Solar and wind energy will supply more than 50% of world electricity by 2030. In Green Buildings and Renewable Energy (pp. 385-399). Springer, Cham. TEİAŞ YTBS, https://ytbsbilgi.teias.gov.tr/ytbsbilgi/frm_istatistikler.jsf
  • Tingting Xu, A., Weijun Gao, B., Yanxue Li, C., Fanyue Qian, D. (2021). Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the reduction of electricity demand and the integration of renewable energy into the power grid. Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy, 13(2), 026304. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0045825
  • Van de Graaf, T., Colgan, J. D. (2017). Russian gas games or well-oiled conflict? Energy security and the 2014 Ukraine crisis. Energy Research & Social Science, 24, 59-64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2016.12.018
  • Weko, S., Eicke, L., Quitzow, R., Bersalli, G., Lira, F., Marian, A., ... Xue, B. (2020). Covid-19 and Carbon Lock-In: Impacts on the Energy transition.
  • World Health Organization (WHO), https://covid19.who.int/region/euro/country/tr
  • Zambrano-Monserrate, M. A., Ruano, M. A., Sanchez-Alcalde, L. (2020). Indirect effects of COVID-19 on the environment. Science of the Total Environment, 728, 138813. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138813
  • Zhang, H., Yan, J., Yu, Q., Obersteiner, M., Li, W., Chen, J., ... Shibasaki, R. (2021). 1.6 million transactions replicate distributed PV market slowdown by COVID-19 lockdown. Applied Energy, 283, 116341. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2020.116341
  • Zhao, X. (2020). Do the stock returns of clean energy corporations respond to oil price shocks and policy uncertainty? Journal of Economic Structures, 9(1), 1-16. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40008-020-00229-x
  • Veronika Henze, (2020). Electric Vehicle Sales to Fall 18% in 2020 but Long-term Prospects Remain Undimmed. BloombergNEF.
There are 44 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Engineering
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Hasan Huseyin Coban 0000-0002-5284-0568

Early Pub Date July 29, 2021
Publication Date November 30, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Issue: 27

Cite

APA Coban, H. H. (2021). How is COVID-19 affecting the renewable energy sector and the electric power grid?. Avrupa Bilim Ve Teknoloji Dergisi(27), 489-494. https://doi.org/10.31590/ejosat.890451