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Tarihi endüstri yapıların korunmasında doğal taşın değiştirilmesi için bir değerlendirme modeli: Kayseri Sümerbank Bez Fabrikası-Türkiye örneği

Year 2021, Issue: 27, 950 - 960, 30.11.2021
https://doi.org/10.31590/ejosat.969801

Abstract

Restorasyon açısından tarihi taşların korunması önemlidir ancak yeni taşların kullanılmasını gerektirdiği durumlar da vardır. Tarihi yapıların duvarlarındaki taşların zarar görme derecesinin oldukça fazla olması gibi durumlarda veya özgün malzemenin yitirtilmesi durumunda bunların modernizasyonları, tadilatları ve yeniden inşalarına gerek duyulmaktadır. Bu restorasyon çalışmalarında, dayanım özelliği ve görünüm açısından anıtla uyumlu uygun taş kaynakları bulmak zorlu bir görevdir. Bu çalışma, tarihi yapıların duvarlarının onarımı için orijinal taşın değiştirilmesi olasılığını analiz etme ve değerlendirme yöntemini kapsar. Bu amaçla, erken cumhuriyet dönemine ait Türkiye’deki ilk endüstri yapılarından olan Kayseri Tarihi Sümerbank Bez Fabrikası’nda bir örnek uygulama çalışması yapılmıştır. Bu makalede, Kayseri Tarihi Sümerbank Bez Fabrikası’nın Abdullah Gül Üniversitesi Sümer Kampüsü’ne dönüştürülmesi için hazırlanan restorasyon projesi kapsamında, fabrika duvarlarındaki tahrip olmuş taşların ve yerine kullanılabilecek yeni taşlar için dayanım, estetik ve uyumluluk değerlendirme ölçütünü sağlayan bir model oluşturulması amaçlanmıştır. Bu model, pahalı ve zaman alıcı analizlerin yapılmasını önleyecek, en az müdahale ile tarihi dokunun korunmasını sağlayacak ve gelecekteki malzeme kayıtlarına sahip olmayan restorasyon çalışmaları için de örnek olabilecektir. Bu çalışma, taşların seçiminde sadece estetik bir değerlendirme değil aynı zamanda onun, fiziksel ve mekanik özelliklerine göre taş seçimi yapılmasının önemini ortaya koyan bir model sunmaktadır.

Thanks

Bu araştırmada yapılan arazi ve laboratuvar deneylerimi yaparken Kayseri Üniversitesi İnşaat Programı Öğretim görevlisi Sayın Dr.Ergün Yeşilyurt ve Mimari Restorasyon programı öğretim Görevlisi Sayın Neslihan Babacan Hanım'a özellikle teşekkür etmek istiyorum.

References

  • Aboubacar, M. H., Yavuz, A. B., Tanyu, B. F., Sarı, S. A. (2021). Investigation of the quality of armour stones used in rubble mound breakwater in Güzelbahçe (İzmir), Turkey, Environmental Earth Sciences, 80(11), 1-20.
  • Acar, M. C., & Kaya, B. (2020). Models to estimate the elastic modulus of weak rocks based on least square support vector machine, Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 13(14), 1-12.
  • Aldoasri, M. A., Darwish, S. S., Adam, M. A., Elmarzugi, N. A., & Ahmed, S. M. (2017). Protecting of marble stone facades of historic buildings using multifunctional TiO2 nanocoatings, Sustainability, 9(11).
  • Andriani, G., Walsh, N. (2003). Fabric, porosity and water permeability of calcarenites from Apulia (SE Italy) used as building and ornamental stone, Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment, 62(1),77-84.
  • Brown, E.T., ISRM (1981). International Society for Rock Mechanics Suggested Methods: Rock Characterization., Testing and monitoring, Oxford.
  • Çelik, M. Y., & Sert, M. (2021). An assessment of capillary water absorption changes related to the different salt solutions and their concentrations ratios in the Döğer tuff (Afyonkarahisar-Turkey) used as building stone of cultural heritages, Journal of Building Engineering, 35, 102102.
  • Del, M. S. T. T., & Tabrizi, S. K. (2020). A methodological assessment of the importance of physical values in architectural conservation using Shannon entropy method, Journal of Cultural Heritage, 44, 135-151.
  • Gary, M., Mcafee, R. (1972). Glossary of geology American geological institute. American Geological Institute, Washington, DC, 1972.
  • Gibeaux, S., Vázquez, P., De Kock, T., Cnudde, V., & Thomachot-Schneider, C. (2018). Weathering assessment under X-ray tomography of building stones exposed to acid atmospheres at current pollution rate, Construction and Building Materials, 68, 187-198.
  • Grazzini, A., Fasana, S., Zerbinatti, M., & Lacidogna, G. (2020). Non-destructive tests for damage evaluation of stone columns: The case study of Sacro Monte in Ghiffa (Italy), Applied Sciences, 10(8), 2673.
  • Kayseri Koruma Kurulu Bölge Müdürlüğü Raporu 12.12.2003.
  • Kevseroğlu, Ö. (2011) Endüstriyel miras alanlarının kent peyzajına entegrasyonunun değerlendirilmesi: Sümerbank Kayseri Bez Fabrikası Örneği, Doctoral dissertation, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü.
  • Klimek, B., & Grzegorczyk-Frańczak, M. (2021). Properties of Mortars with Recycled Stone Aggregate for the Reconstruction of Sandstone in Historic Buildings, Sustainability, 13(3), 1386.
  • Martínez-Martínez, J., Pola, A., García-Sánchez, L., Agustin, G. R., Ocampo, L. O., Vázquez, J. M., & Robles-Camacho, J. (2018). Building stones used in the architectural heritage of Morelia (México): quarries location, rock durability and stone compatibility in the monument, Environmental earth sciences, 77(5), 1-1.
  • Michette, M., Viles, H., Vlachou, C., & Angus, I. (2021). In-situ, non-destructive testing for evaluating the role of pointing mortar in preventive conservation strategies. a case-study on Reigate stone at the Wardrobe Tower, Tower of London, Minerals, 11(4), 345.
  • Oakeshott, W. (Ed.). (1975). Oxford stone restored: the work of the Oxford Historic Buildings Fund, 1957-1974. (London-Oxford University Press) for the Trustees of the Fund.
  • Onur, B. (2021). Endüstri kenti Karabük’ün modern mahallesi Yenişehir’de konut tipolojileri. Avrupa Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi, (23), 666-677.
  • Özcan, U., & Güngör, S. (2019). Geleneksel Türk Evi ile Geleneksel Japon Evi’nin Yapısal Açıdan Karşılaştırılması, Avrupa Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi, (16), 646-661.
  • Přıkryl, R., Török, Á. (2010). Natural stones for monuments: their availability for restoration and evaluation, Geological Society, Special Publications 333, 1-9.
  • Přikryl, R. (2007). Understanding the earth scientist's role in the pre-restoration research of monuments: an overview, Geological society london special publications, building stone decay from diagnosis to conservation, 271, Přikryl, R., Smith, B.J. (Eds.), 9-21.
  • Přikryl, R., (2006). “New Natural Stone” for the reconstruction of Charles Bridge in Prague, Heritage., Weathering and Conservation, 1, Fort, R., Alvarez de Buergo, M., Gomez-Heras, M., Vazquez-Calvo, C. (Eds.), London, 23-29.
  • Rozenbaum, O., Barbanson, L., Muller, F., Bruand, A. (2008). Significance of a combined approach for replacement stones in the heritage buildings’conservation frame, Comptes Rendus Geoscience, 340(6), 345-355.
  • Saba, M., Lizarazo-Marriaga, J., Hernandez-Romero, N. L., & Quiñones-Bolaños, E. E. (2019). Physico-mechanical characterization of the limestone used in Cartagena walls and a proposal for their restoration process, Construction and Building Materials, 214, 420-429.
  • Salvatici, T., Calandra, S., Centauro, I., Pecchioni, E., Intrieri, E., & Garzonio, C. A. (2020). Monitoring and evaluation of sandstone decay adopting non-destructive techniques: On-site application on building Stones, Heritage, 3(4), 1287-1301.
  • Schalkoff, RJ. (1989). Digital image processing and computer vision. New York: John Wiley and Sons, p. 489, 1989.
  • Serkan, A. (2010). İstanbul tarihi yarımada’daki antik yapılarda ve anıtlarda kullanılan doğal taşların özellikleri ve korunmuşluk durumları, Restorasyon ve Konservasyon Çalışmaları Dergisi, (6), 31-42.
  • Sobotka, A., Linczowski, K., & Radziejowska, A. (2021). Substitution of Material Solutions in the Operating Phase of a Building, Applied Sciences, 11(6), 2812.
  • Sousa, L. M. (2014). Petrophysical properties and durability of granites employed as building stone: a comprehensive evaluation, Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment, 73(2), 569-588.
  • Şen E., Kürkcüoğlu B., Aydar E., Gourgaud A., Vincent, P.M. (2003). Volcanological evolution of mount erciyes stratovolcano and origin of the Valibaba Tepe ignimbrite (Central Anatolia, Turkey)., Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 125:225–246.
  • Tanrıverdi, ş., & Çelik, T. (2021). Farklı dolgu malzemeleri ile sabitlenen zıvanaların yığma taş blokların kayma dayanımına etkisi, Avrupa Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi, (25), 347-354.
  • Török, Á., & Přikryl, R. (2010) Current methods and future trends in testing, durability analyses and provenance studies of natural stones used in historical monuments, Engineering Geology, 115(3-4), 139-142.
  • Winkler, E. M. (1997). Color and color stability of stone. In Stone in Architecture (pp. 91-110). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

An Evaluation Model for Replacing Natural Stone in The Conservation of Historical Industrial Buildings: A case study of Kayseri Sümerbank Bez Fabrikası-Turkey

Year 2021, Issue: 27, 950 - 960, 30.11.2021
https://doi.org/10.31590/ejosat.969801

Abstract

Conservation of historical stones is important for restoration, but there are cases where new stones are required to be used. In cases where the degree of damage to the stones on the walls of historical buildings is quite high, or if the original material is lost, their modernization, modification and reconstruction are required. In the restoration work, it is a challenging task to find suitable stone resources that are compatible with the monument in terms of strength and appearance. This study covers the method of analyzing and evaluating the possibility of replacing the original stone for the repair of the walls of historical buildings. For this purpose, a case study was carried out in Kayseri Historical Sümerbank Cloth Factory, which is one of the first industrial structures in Turkey belonging to the early republican period. In this article, it is aimed to create a model that provides the strength, aesthetic and compatibility evaluation criteria for the destroyed stones on the factory walls and the new stones that can be used instead within the scope of the restoration project prepared to transform Kayseri Historical Sümerbank Cloth Factory into Abdullah Gül University Sümer Campus, This model will avoid expensive and time-consuming analyzes, preserve the historical texture with minimal intervention, and may set an example for future restoration works that do not have material records. This study presents not only an aesthetic evaluation in the selection of stones, but also a model that reveals the importance of choosing stones according to their physical and mechanical properties.

References

  • Aboubacar, M. H., Yavuz, A. B., Tanyu, B. F., Sarı, S. A. (2021). Investigation of the quality of armour stones used in rubble mound breakwater in Güzelbahçe (İzmir), Turkey, Environmental Earth Sciences, 80(11), 1-20.
  • Acar, M. C., & Kaya, B. (2020). Models to estimate the elastic modulus of weak rocks based on least square support vector machine, Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 13(14), 1-12.
  • Aldoasri, M. A., Darwish, S. S., Adam, M. A., Elmarzugi, N. A., & Ahmed, S. M. (2017). Protecting of marble stone facades of historic buildings using multifunctional TiO2 nanocoatings, Sustainability, 9(11).
  • Andriani, G., Walsh, N. (2003). Fabric, porosity and water permeability of calcarenites from Apulia (SE Italy) used as building and ornamental stone, Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment, 62(1),77-84.
  • Brown, E.T., ISRM (1981). International Society for Rock Mechanics Suggested Methods: Rock Characterization., Testing and monitoring, Oxford.
  • Çelik, M. Y., & Sert, M. (2021). An assessment of capillary water absorption changes related to the different salt solutions and their concentrations ratios in the Döğer tuff (Afyonkarahisar-Turkey) used as building stone of cultural heritages, Journal of Building Engineering, 35, 102102.
  • Del, M. S. T. T., & Tabrizi, S. K. (2020). A methodological assessment of the importance of physical values in architectural conservation using Shannon entropy method, Journal of Cultural Heritage, 44, 135-151.
  • Gary, M., Mcafee, R. (1972). Glossary of geology American geological institute. American Geological Institute, Washington, DC, 1972.
  • Gibeaux, S., Vázquez, P., De Kock, T., Cnudde, V., & Thomachot-Schneider, C. (2018). Weathering assessment under X-ray tomography of building stones exposed to acid atmospheres at current pollution rate, Construction and Building Materials, 68, 187-198.
  • Grazzini, A., Fasana, S., Zerbinatti, M., & Lacidogna, G. (2020). Non-destructive tests for damage evaluation of stone columns: The case study of Sacro Monte in Ghiffa (Italy), Applied Sciences, 10(8), 2673.
  • Kayseri Koruma Kurulu Bölge Müdürlüğü Raporu 12.12.2003.
  • Kevseroğlu, Ö. (2011) Endüstriyel miras alanlarının kent peyzajına entegrasyonunun değerlendirilmesi: Sümerbank Kayseri Bez Fabrikası Örneği, Doctoral dissertation, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü.
  • Klimek, B., & Grzegorczyk-Frańczak, M. (2021). Properties of Mortars with Recycled Stone Aggregate for the Reconstruction of Sandstone in Historic Buildings, Sustainability, 13(3), 1386.
  • Martínez-Martínez, J., Pola, A., García-Sánchez, L., Agustin, G. R., Ocampo, L. O., Vázquez, J. M., & Robles-Camacho, J. (2018). Building stones used in the architectural heritage of Morelia (México): quarries location, rock durability and stone compatibility in the monument, Environmental earth sciences, 77(5), 1-1.
  • Michette, M., Viles, H., Vlachou, C., & Angus, I. (2021). In-situ, non-destructive testing for evaluating the role of pointing mortar in preventive conservation strategies. a case-study on Reigate stone at the Wardrobe Tower, Tower of London, Minerals, 11(4), 345.
  • Oakeshott, W. (Ed.). (1975). Oxford stone restored: the work of the Oxford Historic Buildings Fund, 1957-1974. (London-Oxford University Press) for the Trustees of the Fund.
  • Onur, B. (2021). Endüstri kenti Karabük’ün modern mahallesi Yenişehir’de konut tipolojileri. Avrupa Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi, (23), 666-677.
  • Özcan, U., & Güngör, S. (2019). Geleneksel Türk Evi ile Geleneksel Japon Evi’nin Yapısal Açıdan Karşılaştırılması, Avrupa Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi, (16), 646-661.
  • Přıkryl, R., Török, Á. (2010). Natural stones for monuments: their availability for restoration and evaluation, Geological Society, Special Publications 333, 1-9.
  • Přikryl, R. (2007). Understanding the earth scientist's role in the pre-restoration research of monuments: an overview, Geological society london special publications, building stone decay from diagnosis to conservation, 271, Přikryl, R., Smith, B.J. (Eds.), 9-21.
  • Přikryl, R., (2006). “New Natural Stone” for the reconstruction of Charles Bridge in Prague, Heritage., Weathering and Conservation, 1, Fort, R., Alvarez de Buergo, M., Gomez-Heras, M., Vazquez-Calvo, C. (Eds.), London, 23-29.
  • Rozenbaum, O., Barbanson, L., Muller, F., Bruand, A. (2008). Significance of a combined approach for replacement stones in the heritage buildings’conservation frame, Comptes Rendus Geoscience, 340(6), 345-355.
  • Saba, M., Lizarazo-Marriaga, J., Hernandez-Romero, N. L., & Quiñones-Bolaños, E. E. (2019). Physico-mechanical characterization of the limestone used in Cartagena walls and a proposal for their restoration process, Construction and Building Materials, 214, 420-429.
  • Salvatici, T., Calandra, S., Centauro, I., Pecchioni, E., Intrieri, E., & Garzonio, C. A. (2020). Monitoring and evaluation of sandstone decay adopting non-destructive techniques: On-site application on building Stones, Heritage, 3(4), 1287-1301.
  • Schalkoff, RJ. (1989). Digital image processing and computer vision. New York: John Wiley and Sons, p. 489, 1989.
  • Serkan, A. (2010). İstanbul tarihi yarımada’daki antik yapılarda ve anıtlarda kullanılan doğal taşların özellikleri ve korunmuşluk durumları, Restorasyon ve Konservasyon Çalışmaları Dergisi, (6), 31-42.
  • Sobotka, A., Linczowski, K., & Radziejowska, A. (2021). Substitution of Material Solutions in the Operating Phase of a Building, Applied Sciences, 11(6), 2812.
  • Sousa, L. M. (2014). Petrophysical properties and durability of granites employed as building stone: a comprehensive evaluation, Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment, 73(2), 569-588.
  • Şen E., Kürkcüoğlu B., Aydar E., Gourgaud A., Vincent, P.M. (2003). Volcanological evolution of mount erciyes stratovolcano and origin of the Valibaba Tepe ignimbrite (Central Anatolia, Turkey)., Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 125:225–246.
  • Tanrıverdi, ş., & Çelik, T. (2021). Farklı dolgu malzemeleri ile sabitlenen zıvanaların yığma taş blokların kayma dayanımına etkisi, Avrupa Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi, (25), 347-354.
  • Török, Á., & Přikryl, R. (2010) Current methods and future trends in testing, durability analyses and provenance studies of natural stones used in historical monuments, Engineering Geology, 115(3-4), 139-142.
  • Winkler, E. M. (1997). Color and color stability of stone. In Stone in Architecture (pp. 91-110). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.
There are 32 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Engineering
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Mehmet Cemal Acar 0000-0002-3241-5353

Early Pub Date July 29, 2021
Publication Date November 30, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Issue: 27

Cite

APA Acar, M. C. (2021). Tarihi endüstri yapıların korunmasında doğal taşın değiştirilmesi için bir değerlendirme modeli: Kayseri Sümerbank Bez Fabrikası-Türkiye örneği. Avrupa Bilim Ve Teknoloji Dergisi(27), 950-960. https://doi.org/10.31590/ejosat.969801