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Acute Effect of Small-Sided Game-Based Warm-Up on Change of Direction Speed Performance

Year 2022, Volume: 4 Issue: 1, 32 - 41, 30.06.2022
https://doi.org/10.47778/ejsse.1118635

Abstract

This research aims to examine the acute effect of no warm-up versus a small-sided game-based warm-up on change of direction speed performance (Illinois agility test). Small-sided games prior to training and competition is a valid strategy used to improve performance. These benefits resulted from combined methods of small-sided games with passive rest. A total of seventy-one male subjects participated in the study between national team players of team sport and university students from regular sport class. A randomized crossover trial design was used to determine differences in change of direction performance between the two warm-up conditions. According to the random order assigned, all participants completed two conditions, warm-up and no warm-up. An analysis of variance in three ways with repeated measures in two factors was conducted to analyze data. The ANOVA interaction between group x treatment x measurement show no significant difference (F=0,081 sig= 0,778, p> 0.05). The present study concludes that the warm-up with small-sided games is not the causal factor in a change of direction test performance.

References

  • Atkinson, G., Todd, C., Reilly, T., & Waterhouse, J. (2005). Diurnal variation in cycling performance: Influence of warm-up. Journal of Sports Sciences, 23(3), 321-329. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640410410001729919
  • Behm, D. G., Blazevich, A. J., Kay, A. D., & McHugh, M. (2016). Acute effects of muscle stretching on physical performance, range of motion, and injury incidence in healthy active individuals: A systematic review. Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, 41(1), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2015-0235
  • Bishop, D., & Middleton, G. (2013). Effects of static stretching following a dynamic warm-up on speed, agility, and power. Journal of Human Sport and Exercise, 8(2), 391-400. https://doi.org/10.4100/jhse.2012.82.07
  • Blazevich, A. J., Gill, N. D., Kvorning, T., Kay, A. D., Goh, A. G., Hilton, B., Drinkwater, E. J., & Behm, D. G. (2018). No effect of muscle stretching within a full, dynamic warm-up on athletic performance. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 50(6), 1258-1266. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000001539
  • Chaouachi, A., Castagna, C., Chtara, M., Brughelli, M., Turki, O., Galy, O., Chamari, K., & Behm, D. G. (2010). Effect of warm-ups involving static or dynamic stretching on agility, sprinting, and jumping performance in trained individuals. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 24(8), 2001-2011. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181aeb181
  • Cilli, M., Gelen, E., Yildiz, S., Saglam, T., & Camur, M. (2014). Acute effects of a resisted dynamic warm-up protocol on jumping performance. Biology of Sport, 31(4), 277-282. https://doi.org/10.5604/20831862.1120935
  • Clark, L., O'leary, B., Hong, J., & Lockard, M. (2014). The acute effects of stretching on presynaptic inhibition and peak power. Journal of Sport Medicine and Physical Fitness, 54(5), 605-610.
  • Coledam, D. H. C., Paludo, A. C., Oliveira, A. R. de, & Dos-Santos, J. W. (2012). Dynamic exercise versus tag game warm up: The acute effect on agility and vertical jump in children. Journal of Human Sport and Exercise, 7(1), 243-253. https://doi.org/10.4100/jhse.2012.71.03
  • Gil, A., & Marcelino, R. (2019). Warm up and psychological related effects—A systematic review [Poster]. CIDESD International Congress, Ribeira de Pena, Portugal.
  • Gogte, K., Srivastav, P., & Balthillaya, G. (2017). Effect of passive, active and combined warm up on lower limb muscle performance and dynamic stability in recreational sports players. Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research, 11(3), YC05-YC08. https://doi.org/10.7860/JCDR/2017/24766.9595
  • Pagaduan, J. C., Pojskić, H., Užičanin, E., & Babajić, F. (2012). Effect of various warm-up protocols on jump performance in college football players. Journal of Human Kinetics, 35(1), 127-132. https://doi.org/10.2478/v10078-012-0086-5
  • Raya, M. A., Gailey, R. S., Gaunaurd, I. A., Jayne, D. M., Campbell, S. M., Gagne, E., Manrique, P. G., Muller, D. G., & Tucker, C. (2013). Comparison of three agility tests with male servicemembers: Edgren Sidestep Test, T-Test, and Illinois Agility Test. Journal of Rehabilitation Research and Development, 50(7), 951-960. https://doi.org/10.1682/JRRD.2012.05.0096
  • Samson, M., Button, D. C., Chaouachi, A., & Behm, D. G. (2012). Effects of dynamic and static stretching within general and activity specific warm-up protocols. J Sports Sci Med.,11(2), 279-285.
  • Sánchez, J. S., González, M. C., & Rodríguez, C. P. (2016). El calentamiento en deportes de equipo: Revisión y nuevas perspectivas. Papeles Salmantinos de Educación, 20, 13-33.
  • Sánchez-Sánchez, J., Rodríguez-Fernández, A., Villa-Vicente, J. G., Petisco-Rodríguez, C., Ramírez-Campillo, R., & Gonzalo-Skok, O. (2017). Effect of warm-up with static and dynamic stretching on the horizontal jump and repeated sprint ability with changes of direction. RICYDE. Revista internacional de ciencias del deporte, 13(47), 26-38. https://doi.org/10.5232/ricyde2017.04702
  • Silva, L. M., Neiva, H. P., Marques, M. C., Izquierdo, M., & Marinho, D. A. (2018). Effects of Warm-Up, Post-Warm-Up, and Re-Warm-Up strategies on explosive efforts in team sports: A Systematic Review. Sports Medicine, 48(10), 2285-2299. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-018-0958-5
  • Sole, C. J., Moir, G. L., Davis, S. E., & Witmer, C. A. (2013). Mechanical analysis of the acute effects of a heavy resistance exercise warm-up on agility performance in court-sport athletes. Journal of Human Kinetics, 39(1), 147-156. https://doi.org/10.2478/hukin-2013-0077
  • Stevanovic, V. B., Jelic, M. B., Milanovic, S. D., Filipovic, S. R., Mikic, M. J., & Stojanovic, M. D. M. (2019). Sport-Specific warm-up attenuates static stretching- induced negative effects on vertical jump but not neuromuscular excitability in basketball players. Journal of Sports Science & Medicine, 18, 282-289.
  • Takizawa, K., Yamaguchi, T., & Shibata, K. (2018). Warm-Up exercises may not be so important for enhancing submaximal running performance: Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 32(5), 1383-1390. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000001970
  • Turki, O., Chaouachi, A., Drinkwater, E. J., Chtara, M., Chamari, K., Amri, M., & Behm, D. G. (2011). Ten minutes of dynamic stretching is sufficient to potentiate vertical jump performance characteristics: Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 25(9), 2453-2463. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e31822a5a79
  • Topcu, H., & Arabaci, R. (2017). Acute effect of different warm up protocols on athlete's performance. European Journal of Physical Education and Sport Science, 3(8), 35-50. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.833657
  • Young, W. B., & Behm, D. G. (2003). Effects of running, static stretching and practice jumps on explosive force production and jumping performance. The Journal of Sports Medicine And Physical Fitness, 41(1), 21-27.
  • Zois, J., Bishop, D. J., Ball, K., & Aughey, R. J. (2011). High-intensity warm-ups elicit superior performance to a current soccer warm-up routine. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 14(6), 522-528. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2011.03.012

Acute Effect of Small-Sided Game-Based Warm-Up on Change of Direction Speed Performance

Year 2022, Volume: 4 Issue: 1, 32 - 41, 30.06.2022
https://doi.org/10.47778/ejsse.1118635

Abstract

This research aims to examine the acute effect of no warm-up versus a small-sided game-based warm-up on change of direction speed performance (Illinois agility test). Small-sided games prior to training and competition is a valid strategy used to improve performance. These benefits resulted from combined methods of small-sided games with passive rest. A total of seventy-one male subjects participated in the study between national team players of team sport and university students from regular sport class. A randomized crossover trial design was used to determine differences in change of direction performance between the two warm-up conditions. According to the random order assigned, all participants completed two conditions, warm-up and no warm-up. An analysis of variance in three ways with repeated measures in two factors was conducted to analyze data. The ANOVA interaction between group x treatment x measurement show no significant difference (F=0,081 sig= 0,778, p> 0.05). The present study concludes that the warm-up with small-sided games is not the causal factor in a change of direction test performance.

References

  • Atkinson, G., Todd, C., Reilly, T., & Waterhouse, J. (2005). Diurnal variation in cycling performance: Influence of warm-up. Journal of Sports Sciences, 23(3), 321-329. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640410410001729919
  • Behm, D. G., Blazevich, A. J., Kay, A. D., & McHugh, M. (2016). Acute effects of muscle stretching on physical performance, range of motion, and injury incidence in healthy active individuals: A systematic review. Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, 41(1), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2015-0235
  • Bishop, D., & Middleton, G. (2013). Effects of static stretching following a dynamic warm-up on speed, agility, and power. Journal of Human Sport and Exercise, 8(2), 391-400. https://doi.org/10.4100/jhse.2012.82.07
  • Blazevich, A. J., Gill, N. D., Kvorning, T., Kay, A. D., Goh, A. G., Hilton, B., Drinkwater, E. J., & Behm, D. G. (2018). No effect of muscle stretching within a full, dynamic warm-up on athletic performance. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 50(6), 1258-1266. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000001539
  • Chaouachi, A., Castagna, C., Chtara, M., Brughelli, M., Turki, O., Galy, O., Chamari, K., & Behm, D. G. (2010). Effect of warm-ups involving static or dynamic stretching on agility, sprinting, and jumping performance in trained individuals. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 24(8), 2001-2011. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181aeb181
  • Cilli, M., Gelen, E., Yildiz, S., Saglam, T., & Camur, M. (2014). Acute effects of a resisted dynamic warm-up protocol on jumping performance. Biology of Sport, 31(4), 277-282. https://doi.org/10.5604/20831862.1120935
  • Clark, L., O'leary, B., Hong, J., & Lockard, M. (2014). The acute effects of stretching on presynaptic inhibition and peak power. Journal of Sport Medicine and Physical Fitness, 54(5), 605-610.
  • Coledam, D. H. C., Paludo, A. C., Oliveira, A. R. de, & Dos-Santos, J. W. (2012). Dynamic exercise versus tag game warm up: The acute effect on agility and vertical jump in children. Journal of Human Sport and Exercise, 7(1), 243-253. https://doi.org/10.4100/jhse.2012.71.03
  • Gil, A., & Marcelino, R. (2019). Warm up and psychological related effects—A systematic review [Poster]. CIDESD International Congress, Ribeira de Pena, Portugal.
  • Gogte, K., Srivastav, P., & Balthillaya, G. (2017). Effect of passive, active and combined warm up on lower limb muscle performance and dynamic stability in recreational sports players. Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research, 11(3), YC05-YC08. https://doi.org/10.7860/JCDR/2017/24766.9595
  • Pagaduan, J. C., Pojskić, H., Užičanin, E., & Babajić, F. (2012). Effect of various warm-up protocols on jump performance in college football players. Journal of Human Kinetics, 35(1), 127-132. https://doi.org/10.2478/v10078-012-0086-5
  • Raya, M. A., Gailey, R. S., Gaunaurd, I. A., Jayne, D. M., Campbell, S. M., Gagne, E., Manrique, P. G., Muller, D. G., & Tucker, C. (2013). Comparison of three agility tests with male servicemembers: Edgren Sidestep Test, T-Test, and Illinois Agility Test. Journal of Rehabilitation Research and Development, 50(7), 951-960. https://doi.org/10.1682/JRRD.2012.05.0096
  • Samson, M., Button, D. C., Chaouachi, A., & Behm, D. G. (2012). Effects of dynamic and static stretching within general and activity specific warm-up protocols. J Sports Sci Med.,11(2), 279-285.
  • Sánchez, J. S., González, M. C., & Rodríguez, C. P. (2016). El calentamiento en deportes de equipo: Revisión y nuevas perspectivas. Papeles Salmantinos de Educación, 20, 13-33.
  • Sánchez-Sánchez, J., Rodríguez-Fernández, A., Villa-Vicente, J. G., Petisco-Rodríguez, C., Ramírez-Campillo, R., & Gonzalo-Skok, O. (2017). Effect of warm-up with static and dynamic stretching on the horizontal jump and repeated sprint ability with changes of direction. RICYDE. Revista internacional de ciencias del deporte, 13(47), 26-38. https://doi.org/10.5232/ricyde2017.04702
  • Silva, L. M., Neiva, H. P., Marques, M. C., Izquierdo, M., & Marinho, D. A. (2018). Effects of Warm-Up, Post-Warm-Up, and Re-Warm-Up strategies on explosive efforts in team sports: A Systematic Review. Sports Medicine, 48(10), 2285-2299. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-018-0958-5
  • Sole, C. J., Moir, G. L., Davis, S. E., & Witmer, C. A. (2013). Mechanical analysis of the acute effects of a heavy resistance exercise warm-up on agility performance in court-sport athletes. Journal of Human Kinetics, 39(1), 147-156. https://doi.org/10.2478/hukin-2013-0077
  • Stevanovic, V. B., Jelic, M. B., Milanovic, S. D., Filipovic, S. R., Mikic, M. J., & Stojanovic, M. D. M. (2019). Sport-Specific warm-up attenuates static stretching- induced negative effects on vertical jump but not neuromuscular excitability in basketball players. Journal of Sports Science & Medicine, 18, 282-289.
  • Takizawa, K., Yamaguchi, T., & Shibata, K. (2018). Warm-Up exercises may not be so important for enhancing submaximal running performance: Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 32(5), 1383-1390. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000001970
  • Turki, O., Chaouachi, A., Drinkwater, E. J., Chtara, M., Chamari, K., Amri, M., & Behm, D. G. (2011). Ten minutes of dynamic stretching is sufficient to potentiate vertical jump performance characteristics: Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 25(9), 2453-2463. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e31822a5a79
  • Topcu, H., & Arabaci, R. (2017). Acute effect of different warm up protocols on athlete's performance. European Journal of Physical Education and Sport Science, 3(8), 35-50. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.833657
  • Young, W. B., & Behm, D. G. (2003). Effects of running, static stretching and practice jumps on explosive force production and jumping performance. The Journal of Sports Medicine And Physical Fitness, 41(1), 21-27.
  • Zois, J., Bishop, D. J., Ball, K., & Aughey, R. J. (2011). High-intensity warm-ups elicit superior performance to a current soccer warm-up routine. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 14(6), 522-528. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2011.03.012
There are 23 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Sports Medicine
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Rafael Carvajal 0000-0001-5223-1044

Walter Salazar This is me 0000-0001-6469-1590

Early Pub Date June 19, 2022
Publication Date June 30, 2022
Acceptance Date June 19, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 4 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Carvajal, R., & Salazar, W. (2022). Acute Effect of Small-Sided Game-Based Warm-Up on Change of Direction Speed Performance. Eurasian Journal of Sport Sciences and Education, 4(1), 32-41. https://doi.org/10.47778/ejsse.1118635
AMA Carvajal R, Salazar W. Acute Effect of Small-Sided Game-Based Warm-Up on Change of Direction Speed Performance. EJSSE. June 2022;4(1):32-41. doi:10.47778/ejsse.1118635
Chicago Carvajal, Rafael, and Walter Salazar. “Acute Effect of Small-Sided Game-Based Warm-Up on Change of Direction Speed Performance”. Eurasian Journal of Sport Sciences and Education 4, no. 1 (June 2022): 32-41. https://doi.org/10.47778/ejsse.1118635.
EndNote Carvajal R, Salazar W (June 1, 2022) Acute Effect of Small-Sided Game-Based Warm-Up on Change of Direction Speed Performance. Eurasian Journal of Sport Sciences and Education 4 1 32–41.
IEEE R. Carvajal and W. Salazar, “Acute Effect of Small-Sided Game-Based Warm-Up on Change of Direction Speed Performance”, EJSSE, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 32–41, 2022, doi: 10.47778/ejsse.1118635.
ISNAD Carvajal, Rafael - Salazar, Walter. “Acute Effect of Small-Sided Game-Based Warm-Up on Change of Direction Speed Performance”. Eurasian Journal of Sport Sciences and Education 4/1 (June 2022), 32-41. https://doi.org/10.47778/ejsse.1118635.
JAMA Carvajal R, Salazar W. Acute Effect of Small-Sided Game-Based Warm-Up on Change of Direction Speed Performance. EJSSE. 2022;4:32–41.
MLA Carvajal, Rafael and Walter Salazar. “Acute Effect of Small-Sided Game-Based Warm-Up on Change of Direction Speed Performance”. Eurasian Journal of Sport Sciences and Education, vol. 4, no. 1, 2022, pp. 32-41, doi:10.47778/ejsse.1118635.
Vancouver Carvajal R, Salazar W. Acute Effect of Small-Sided Game-Based Warm-Up on Change of Direction Speed Performance. EJSSE. 2022;4(1):32-41.

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