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The Relatıonshıp Of Sustaınable Educatıon Polıcıes Wıth Economıc Growth: The Case Of Sıngapore

Year 2021, Volume: 3 Issue: 1, 55 - 72, 30.04.2020
https://doi.org/10.38009/ekimad.839210

Abstract

This study examines the effect of Singapore’s successful education policies on economic growth. The effect of primary, secondary, and higher-education registry rates in Singapore on economic growth was analyzed using yearly data from 1970 to 2017. The relationship between education policies and economic growth was examined using the Granger causality test and VAR analysis. Contrary to endogenous growth theories, the results obtained from the VAR Granger causality/block exogeneity Wald tests indicate that schooling rates in Singapore do not affect economic growth. The action-reaction analysis results similarly indicate that the economic growth variable does not react to any deviation in gross registry rates.

References

  • Asteriou, D., Agiomirgianakis, G. M. (2001). Human Capital and Economic Growth: Time Series Evidence from Greece. Journal of Policy Modeling, 23(5), s.481-489.
  • Barro, R. J. (2013). Education and Economic Growth. Annals of Economics and Finance, 14(2), s.301-328.
  • Becherair, A. (2014). Education and Economic Growth in Algeria: An Empirical Investigation by Using ARDL Approach. International Journal of Innovation and Applied Studies, 7(3), s.1215-1224.
  • Çayak, S. “Uluslararası Öğrencileri Değerlendirme Programı-PISA”, içinde: Ayşen Bakioğlu, (Ed), Karşılaştırmalı Eğitim. İstanbul: Eğitim Yayınevi, 2017, s.101-129.
  • Çil, N. (2014). Finansal Ekonometri. İstanbul: Der Yayınevi.
  • Denison, E.F. (1963). The Sources of Economic Growth in the United States and the Alternatives Before Us. The Journal of Economic History, 23(3), s.119-136.
  • Department of Statistics Singapore. (2018). Trade and Investment. 20, 05, 2019 tarihinde Department of Statistics Singapore: https://www.singstat.gov.sg/find-data/search-by-theme/economy/national-accounts/latest-data adresinden alındı.
  • Gopinathan, S. (1974). Towards A National System of Education in Singapore, 1945-1973. United Kingdom: Oxford University Press.
  • Gujarati, D. N. (2003). Basic Econometrics. New York, NY: Mc Graw-Hill Education.
  • Harbinson, F. and Myers, C. A. (1964). Education, Manpower and Economic Growth: Strategies of Human Resource Development. New York, NY: Mc Graw-Hill Education.
  • Hicks, N. (1980). Economic Growth and Human Capital. World Bank Staff Working Papers, No: 408, s.1-37.
  • Hogan, D. (2014). Why is Singapore’s School System so Successful, and is It a Model Fort He West? https://theconversation.com/why-is-singapores-school-system-so-successful- and-is-it-a-model-for-the-west-22917, [İndirme Tarihi: 3.7.2020]
  • Keller, K. R. I. (2006). Investment in Primary, Secondary and Higher Education and the Effects on Economic Growth. Contemporary Economic Policy, 24(1), s.18-34. doi: 10.1093/cep/byj012
  • Leipziger, D. M. (1993). Lessons from East Asia. Washington D.C.: World Bank.
  • Lin, T. C. (2004). The Role of Higher Education in Economic Eevelopment: An Empirical Study of Taiwan Case. Journal of Asian Economics, 15(2), s.355–371.
  • Maitra, B., Mukhopadhyay, C.K. (2012). Public Spending on Education and Health-care in the Selected Courtiers of Asia and the Pacific. Asia Pacific Development Journal, 19(2), s.19-48.
  • Maitra, B. (2016). Investment in Human Capital and Economic Growth in Singapore. Global Business Review, 17(2), s.1-19.
  • Maynes, G. W. (2011). Human Capatil Acumulation: A Comparative Study of Singapore and Malaysia – 1975 to 2006. Melbourne: RMIT University School of Economic, Finance and Marketting Business Portfolio.
  • Ministry of Trade and Industry Singapore (1991). The Strategic Economic Plan, https://ink.library.smu.edu.sg/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=3888&context=lkcsb_research, [İndirme Tarihi: 23.7.2020]
  • Ministry of Manpower (2003) Manpower 21 Report, https://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/history/events/a6102afe-a2ab-48fd-b009-97640cac3441, [İndirme Tarihi: 19.8.2020]
  • Ministry of Education Singapore. (1979) Education System, https://www.moe.gov.sg/education, [İndirme Tarihi: 22.9.2020]
  • Ministry of Education Singapore (1980). Desired Outcomes of Education, https://beta.moe.gov.sg/education-in-SG/desired-outcomes, [İndirme Tarihi: 6.8.2020]
  • Ministry of Education Singapore (1992). Teaching and Learning Resources, https://www.moe.gov.sg/education/syllabuses/resources, [İndirme Tarihi: 8.8.2020]
  • Norrudin, N. (2018). Ministry Education, https://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/infopedia/articles/SIP_2018-01-17_103146.html, [İndirme Tarihi: 2.11.2020]
  • Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (2018). PISA, https://www.oecd.org/pisa, [İndirme Tarihi: 5.10.2020]
  • Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (2019). International Trade Statistics., https://www.oecd.org/sdd/its/international-trade-in-services-statistics.htm, [İndirme Tarihi: 11.8.2020]
  • Osman-Gani, A. M. (2004). Human Capital Development in Singapore: An Analysis of National Policy Perspectives. Advances in Developing Human Resources, 6(3), s.276-287.
  • Sala-İ-Martin, Xavier.“4 Sources of Growth”, içinde: Macroeconomic Management: Programs and Policies, (Editörler: Mohsin S. Khan, Saleh M. Nsouli & Chorng-Huey, Wong), IMF Institute International Monetrary Fund, Washington, D.C, 2002. ss.152-167.
  • Self, S., Grabowski, R. (2004). Does Education at All Levels Cause Growth? India, A Case Study. Economics of Education Review, 23, s.47–55.
  • Shaffer, J.P. (1991). The Gauss-Markov Theorem and Random Regressors, The American Statistician, 45, s.269–273.
  • Skills Development Fund (2003). Skills Development Fund, Singapore, https://gteceducation.com.sg/site/sdf, [İndirme Tarihi: 2.10.2020]
  • Soon, T. W., Tan, C. S. (1993). Singapore Public Policy and Economic Development. World Bank, 1993.
  • Teixeira, P.N. (2014). Gary Becker's Early Work on Human Capital: Collaborations and Distinctiveness. IZA Journal of Labor Economics, 12(3), s.9-12.
  • Trade Map (2019). Trade Statistics, https://www.intracen.org/itc/market-info-tools/trade-statistics, [İndirme Tarihi: 2.11.2020]
  • United Nations (2018). Sustainable Development Goals, https://sdgs.un.org/goals, [İndirme Tarihi: 5.7.2020]
  • United Nations Development Programme (2019). Human Development Index, http://hdr.undp.org/en/content/human-development-index-hdi, [İndirme Tarihi: 9.10.2020]
  • Yurtkuran, S., Terzi, H. (2015). Does Education Affect Economic Growth in Turkey? A Causality Analysis. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 30(2), s.19-38.
  • Xueyan, C. (2017). An Econometric Analysis of the Relationship Between Education and Economic Growth in China. 3rd International Symposium on Social Science, China.
  • Wadud, M., Islam, Q., & Islam, T. (2007). Relationship Between Education and GDP Growth: A Multivariate. Economics Bulletin, 3(35), s.1-7.
  • World Economic Forum (2019). Global Competitive Report, http://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_TheGlobalCompetitivenessReport2019.pdf, [İndirme Tarihi: 2.7.2020]
  • World Bank (1996). World Development Report, https://elibrary.worldbank.org/doi/abs/10.1596/978-0-1952-1107-8, [İndirme Tarihi: 3.8.2020]
  • World Bank (2019). Economy and Growth Statistics, https://data.worldbank.org/topic/economy-and-growth, [İndirme Tarihi: 7.9.2020]

Sürdürülebilir Eğitim Politikaları ve Ekonomik Büyüme İlişkisi: Singapur Örneği

Year 2021, Volume: 3 Issue: 1, 55 - 72, 30.04.2020
https://doi.org/10.38009/ekimad.839210

Abstract

Bu çalışma, Singapur’un başarılı eğitim politikalarının ekonomik büyüme üzerindeki etkisini incelemektedir. 1970-2017 dönemini kapsayan yıllık veri seti üzerinden Singapur’daki ilk, orta ve yükseköğretim kayıt oranlarının ekonomik büyüme üzerindeki etkisi analiz edilmiştir. Eğitim politikaları ve ekonomik büyüme ilişkisi, Granger nedensellik testi ve VAR analizi yoluyla incelenmiştir. VAR Granger nedensellik/blok dışsallık Wald testlerinden elde edilen sonuçlar, içsel büyüme teorilerinin aksine, Singapur’un okullaşma oranlarının ekonomik büyüme üzerinde etkili olmadığına işaret etmektedir. Etki-tepki analiz sonuçları da benzer şekilde, brüt kayıt oranlarında meydana gelecek bir sapmaya ekonomik büyüme değişkeninin tepki vermediğini göstermektedir.

References

  • Asteriou, D., Agiomirgianakis, G. M. (2001). Human Capital and Economic Growth: Time Series Evidence from Greece. Journal of Policy Modeling, 23(5), s.481-489.
  • Barro, R. J. (2013). Education and Economic Growth. Annals of Economics and Finance, 14(2), s.301-328.
  • Becherair, A. (2014). Education and Economic Growth in Algeria: An Empirical Investigation by Using ARDL Approach. International Journal of Innovation and Applied Studies, 7(3), s.1215-1224.
  • Çayak, S. “Uluslararası Öğrencileri Değerlendirme Programı-PISA”, içinde: Ayşen Bakioğlu, (Ed), Karşılaştırmalı Eğitim. İstanbul: Eğitim Yayınevi, 2017, s.101-129.
  • Çil, N. (2014). Finansal Ekonometri. İstanbul: Der Yayınevi.
  • Denison, E.F. (1963). The Sources of Economic Growth in the United States and the Alternatives Before Us. The Journal of Economic History, 23(3), s.119-136.
  • Department of Statistics Singapore. (2018). Trade and Investment. 20, 05, 2019 tarihinde Department of Statistics Singapore: https://www.singstat.gov.sg/find-data/search-by-theme/economy/national-accounts/latest-data adresinden alındı.
  • Gopinathan, S. (1974). Towards A National System of Education in Singapore, 1945-1973. United Kingdom: Oxford University Press.
  • Gujarati, D. N. (2003). Basic Econometrics. New York, NY: Mc Graw-Hill Education.
  • Harbinson, F. and Myers, C. A. (1964). Education, Manpower and Economic Growth: Strategies of Human Resource Development. New York, NY: Mc Graw-Hill Education.
  • Hicks, N. (1980). Economic Growth and Human Capital. World Bank Staff Working Papers, No: 408, s.1-37.
  • Hogan, D. (2014). Why is Singapore’s School System so Successful, and is It a Model Fort He West? https://theconversation.com/why-is-singapores-school-system-so-successful- and-is-it-a-model-for-the-west-22917, [İndirme Tarihi: 3.7.2020]
  • Keller, K. R. I. (2006). Investment in Primary, Secondary and Higher Education and the Effects on Economic Growth. Contemporary Economic Policy, 24(1), s.18-34. doi: 10.1093/cep/byj012
  • Leipziger, D. M. (1993). Lessons from East Asia. Washington D.C.: World Bank.
  • Lin, T. C. (2004). The Role of Higher Education in Economic Eevelopment: An Empirical Study of Taiwan Case. Journal of Asian Economics, 15(2), s.355–371.
  • Maitra, B., Mukhopadhyay, C.K. (2012). Public Spending on Education and Health-care in the Selected Courtiers of Asia and the Pacific. Asia Pacific Development Journal, 19(2), s.19-48.
  • Maitra, B. (2016). Investment in Human Capital and Economic Growth in Singapore. Global Business Review, 17(2), s.1-19.
  • Maynes, G. W. (2011). Human Capatil Acumulation: A Comparative Study of Singapore and Malaysia – 1975 to 2006. Melbourne: RMIT University School of Economic, Finance and Marketting Business Portfolio.
  • Ministry of Trade and Industry Singapore (1991). The Strategic Economic Plan, https://ink.library.smu.edu.sg/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=3888&context=lkcsb_research, [İndirme Tarihi: 23.7.2020]
  • Ministry of Manpower (2003) Manpower 21 Report, https://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/history/events/a6102afe-a2ab-48fd-b009-97640cac3441, [İndirme Tarihi: 19.8.2020]
  • Ministry of Education Singapore. (1979) Education System, https://www.moe.gov.sg/education, [İndirme Tarihi: 22.9.2020]
  • Ministry of Education Singapore (1980). Desired Outcomes of Education, https://beta.moe.gov.sg/education-in-SG/desired-outcomes, [İndirme Tarihi: 6.8.2020]
  • Ministry of Education Singapore (1992). Teaching and Learning Resources, https://www.moe.gov.sg/education/syllabuses/resources, [İndirme Tarihi: 8.8.2020]
  • Norrudin, N. (2018). Ministry Education, https://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/infopedia/articles/SIP_2018-01-17_103146.html, [İndirme Tarihi: 2.11.2020]
  • Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (2018). PISA, https://www.oecd.org/pisa, [İndirme Tarihi: 5.10.2020]
  • Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (2019). International Trade Statistics., https://www.oecd.org/sdd/its/international-trade-in-services-statistics.htm, [İndirme Tarihi: 11.8.2020]
  • Osman-Gani, A. M. (2004). Human Capital Development in Singapore: An Analysis of National Policy Perspectives. Advances in Developing Human Resources, 6(3), s.276-287.
  • Sala-İ-Martin, Xavier.“4 Sources of Growth”, içinde: Macroeconomic Management: Programs and Policies, (Editörler: Mohsin S. Khan, Saleh M. Nsouli & Chorng-Huey, Wong), IMF Institute International Monetrary Fund, Washington, D.C, 2002. ss.152-167.
  • Self, S., Grabowski, R. (2004). Does Education at All Levels Cause Growth? India, A Case Study. Economics of Education Review, 23, s.47–55.
  • Shaffer, J.P. (1991). The Gauss-Markov Theorem and Random Regressors, The American Statistician, 45, s.269–273.
  • Skills Development Fund (2003). Skills Development Fund, Singapore, https://gteceducation.com.sg/site/sdf, [İndirme Tarihi: 2.10.2020]
  • Soon, T. W., Tan, C. S. (1993). Singapore Public Policy and Economic Development. World Bank, 1993.
  • Teixeira, P.N. (2014). Gary Becker's Early Work on Human Capital: Collaborations and Distinctiveness. IZA Journal of Labor Economics, 12(3), s.9-12.
  • Trade Map (2019). Trade Statistics, https://www.intracen.org/itc/market-info-tools/trade-statistics, [İndirme Tarihi: 2.11.2020]
  • United Nations (2018). Sustainable Development Goals, https://sdgs.un.org/goals, [İndirme Tarihi: 5.7.2020]
  • United Nations Development Programme (2019). Human Development Index, http://hdr.undp.org/en/content/human-development-index-hdi, [İndirme Tarihi: 9.10.2020]
  • Yurtkuran, S., Terzi, H. (2015). Does Education Affect Economic Growth in Turkey? A Causality Analysis. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 30(2), s.19-38.
  • Xueyan, C. (2017). An Econometric Analysis of the Relationship Between Education and Economic Growth in China. 3rd International Symposium on Social Science, China.
  • Wadud, M., Islam, Q., & Islam, T. (2007). Relationship Between Education and GDP Growth: A Multivariate. Economics Bulletin, 3(35), s.1-7.
  • World Economic Forum (2019). Global Competitive Report, http://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_TheGlobalCompetitivenessReport2019.pdf, [İndirme Tarihi: 2.7.2020]
  • World Bank (1996). World Development Report, https://elibrary.worldbank.org/doi/abs/10.1596/978-0-1952-1107-8, [İndirme Tarihi: 3.8.2020]
  • World Bank (2019). Economy and Growth Statistics, https://data.worldbank.org/topic/economy-and-growth, [İndirme Tarihi: 7.9.2020]
There are 42 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Economics
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Rabia Ersoy 0000-0002-7106-5165

Publication Date April 30, 2020
Submission Date December 11, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 3 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Ersoy, R. (2020). Sürdürülebilir Eğitim Politikaları ve Ekonomik Büyüme İlişkisi: Singapur Örneği. Ekonomi İşletme Ve Maliye Araştırmaları Dergisi, 3(1), 55-72. https://doi.org/10.38009/ekimad.839210