Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

Farklı Altlık Sistemlerinde Yetişen Hızlı Gelişen Broylerlerde Footpad Dermatitisin Histolojik Olarak İncelenmesi

Year 2021, Volume: 18 Issue: 2, 96 - 101, 01.08.2021
https://doi.org/10.32707/ercivet.953190

Abstract

Broyler barınması ve yönetimi, yıllar içinde artan ticari talep ile hem üreticiler hem de araştırmacılar için önemli hale gelmiştir. Barınma koşullarını oluşturan en önemli faktör altlık seçimidir. Özellikle amonyak seviyesini kontrol edil-mesinde, dışkı ile teması azaltmasında ve fazla nemin emilmesine yardımcı olduğundan altlık sistemleri oldukça önem-lidir. Kötü altlık koşulları, hayvan refahını etkileyecek ağrılı pododermatitlerin oluşumunu tetikler. Footpad dermatit, cildi etkileyen bir kontakt dermatit türüdür ve broylerlerde kötü altlık koşulları veya tahriş edici ve uygun olmayan altlık mal-zemelerinin sonucu olarak ortaya çıkabilir. Bu çalışma, farklı altlık sistemlerinde yetiştirilen, hızlı büyüyen broylerlerin ayak tabanı lezyonlarının histopatolojik özelliklerini araştırmak için planlanmıştır. Deneyde, geleneksel derin altlık, ta-mamı plastik ızgaralı altlık, tamamı tahta ızgaralı altlık ve kısmi plastik ızgaralı altlık olmak üzere dört grup vardı. Kesim işleminden sonra, makro skoru (0'dan 4'e kadar) temsil edecek, her gruptan rastgele örnekler alındı. Ayak tabanı ör-nekleri tespit işlemini takiben rutin histopatolojik yöntemle incelendi. Mikroskobik değerlendirmeler; lezyon olmayan skor 0’dan, derin nekrozların görüldüğü skor 4’e kadar beş farklı skorda tanımlandı. Makroskobik ve mikroskobik değer-lendirmelerin sonucunda, plastik ve tahta altlığın ayak sağlığına olumlu yönde etkilerinin olduğu anlaşılmıştır. Ayrıca bu çalışma, makroskopik lezyonların boyutu ve derinliği ile histolojik lezyonların boyutu ve derinliği arasındaki korelasyon incelendiğinde, broylerlerdeki ayak tabanının antemortem ve postmortem lezyon skoru arasında güvenilir bir uygunluk olduğunun gösterilmesi açısından oldukça önemlidir.

References

  • Adler C, Tiemann I, Hillemacher S, Schimithuasen AJ, Muller U, Heitmann S, Spindler B, Kemper N, Büscher W. Effects of a partially perforated flooring system on animal based welfare indicators in broil-er housing. Poult Sci 2020; 99(7): 3343-54.
  • Almeida EA, Sant’Anna AC, Growe TG, Macari M, Furlan RL. Poultry rearing on perforated plastic floors and the effect on air quality, growth perfor-mance, and carcass injuries-Experiment 2: Heat stress situation. Poult Sci 2018; 97: 1954-60.
  • Bilal K, Mehmood S, Akram M, Imran S, Sahota AW, Javed K, Hussain J, Ashfad H. Growth perfor-mance of broilers under two rearing systems in three different housing zones in an environmental-ly controlled house during winter. J Ani Plant Sci 2014; 24: 1039-44.
  • Cavusoglu E, Petek M. Effects of different floor mate-rials on the welfare and behavior of slow- and fast-growing broilers. Arch Anim Breed 2019; 62: 335-44.
  • Chuppava B, Keller B, Meißner J, Keitzmann M, Visscher C. Effects of different types of flooring design on the development of antimicrobial re-sistance in commensal Escherichia coli in fattening turkeys. Vet Microbiol 2018; 217: 18-24.
  • Crosmonn G. A modification of Mallory's connective tissue stain with a discussion of the principles involved. Anat Rec 1937; 69(1): 33-8.
  • De Jong I, Gunnik H, Hindle V. Implementation of the Welfare Quality® broiler assessment protocol-final report. Wageningen UR Livestock Research report, Wageningen, 2015; 833: 1-57.
  • Hashimoto S, Yamazaki K, Obi T, Takase K. Rela-tionship between severity of footpad dermatitis and carcass performance in broiler chickens. J Vet Med Sci 2013; 75(11): 1547-9.
  • Kaukonen E, Norring M, Valros A. Effect of litter qual-ity on foot pad dermatitis, hock burns and breast blisters in broiler breeders during the production period. Avian Pathol 2016; 45(6): 667-73.
  • Kristensen HH, Perry GC, Prescott NB, Ladewig J, Ersboll AK, Wathes CM. Leg health and perfor-mance of broiler chickens reared in different light environments. Br Poult Sci 2007; 47(3): 257-63.
  • Louton H, Piller A, Bergmann S, Erhard M, Stracke J, Spindler B, Kemper N, Schmidt P, Schade B, Boehm B, Kappe E, Bachmeier J, Schwarzer A Histologically validated scoring system for the as-sessment of hock burn in broilers. Avian Pathol 2020; 49(3): 230-42.
  • Martins BB, Martins MRFB, Mendes AA, Fernandes BCS, Aguiar EF. Footpad dermatitis in broilers: Differences between strains and gender. Braz J Poult Sci 2016; 18(3): 461-6.
  • Michel V, Prampart E, Mirabito L, Allain V, Arnould C, Huonnic D, Bouquin SL, Albaric O. Histologically-validated footpad dermatitis scoring system for use in chicken processing plants. Br Poult Sci 2012; 53(3): 275-81.
  • Nicol CJ, Bouwsema J, Caplen G, Davies AC, Hockenhull J, Lambton SL, Lines JA, Mullan S, Weeks CA. Farmed bird welfare science review. AVID 2017; 152-61.
  • North MO, Bell DB. Commercial Chicken Production Manual. Forth Edition; 1990. Springer
  • Pagazaurtundua A, Warris PD. Levels of foot pad dermatitis in broiler chickens reared in 5 different systems. Br Poult Sci 2006; 47(5): 529-32.
  • Petek M, Ustuner H, Yesilbag D. Effects of stocking density and litter type on litter quality and growth performance of broiler chicken. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg 2014; 20(5): 743-8.
  • Sander JE, Wilson JL, Cheng IH, Gibbs PS. Influence of slat material on hatching egg sanitation and slat disinfection. J Appl Poult Res 2003; (12): 74-80.
  • Shepherd EM, Fairchild BD. Footpad dermatitis in poultry. Poult Sci 2010; 10(1): 2043-51.
  • Snedecor GW, Cochran WG. Statistical Methods. The Iowa State University Press, Iowa, US; 1989.
  • SPSS Inc. Released. PASW Statistics for Windows, Version 18.0. Chicago: SPSS Inc; 2013.
  • Swiatkiewicz S, Arczewska-Wlosek A, Jozefiak D. The nutrition of poultry as a factor affecting litter quality and foot pad dermatitis - an updated review. J Anim Physiol An N 2016; 101: 14-20.
  • Turkey-Legal Gazette, 28914, 15 Feb 2014.
  • US Poultry, Egg Export Council US Chicken Feet Kicked Out of China. http://www. thepoultry-site.com/poultrynews/18142/us-chicken-feet-kicked-out-of-china. 2009. Accessed Date: 01.03.2021.
  • Welfare Quality Assessment protocol for poultry. ASG Veehouderji BV, Netherlands, 2009. p. 36-45.

The Histological Characteristics of Footpad Dermatitis in a Fast-Growing Broiler Chickens Raised on Different Floor Housing Systems

Year 2021, Volume: 18 Issue: 2, 96 - 101, 01.08.2021
https://doi.org/10.32707/ercivet.953190

Abstract

Broiler housing and management have become important for both manufacturers and researchers, with the increasing commercial demand over the years. The most important factor that creates the management conditions is floor housing system selection. The reason floor housing systems are important is that they allow broilers to reduce contact with the excreta and help excess moisture to be absorbed and controlling ammonia level. Poor litter conditions trigger painful pododermatitis that will affect animal welfare. Footpad dermatitis is a form of contact dermatitis affecting skin and has most commonly been associated with poor litter condition or irritating and unsuitable materials in broilers. This study was made to investigate the histopathologic characteristics of footpad lesions in fast-growing broiler chick-ens raised in different floor housing systems. There were four groups in the experiment as conventional deep litter flooring, fully slatted plastic flooring, fully slatted wood flooring, and partially slatted plastic flooring. After the slaughter process, random samples were taken from the birds representing each macro score (if occurred, from 0 to 4) from each group. For histopathologic examinations, footpad samples were fixed, and routine histological examinations were applied. Microscopic examination has been defined in five different scores, from the non-lesion score 0 to the score 4 with severe necrosis. As a result of macroscopic and microscopic evaluations, it has been determined that plastic and wooden slatt materials have positive effects on foot health. Focusing future studies on the correlation between the size and depth of macroscopic lesions and the size and depth of histological lesions would be beneficial to determine a reliable correspondence between antemortem and postmortem lesion score of footpad in broiler.

References

  • Adler C, Tiemann I, Hillemacher S, Schimithuasen AJ, Muller U, Heitmann S, Spindler B, Kemper N, Büscher W. Effects of a partially perforated flooring system on animal based welfare indicators in broil-er housing. Poult Sci 2020; 99(7): 3343-54.
  • Almeida EA, Sant’Anna AC, Growe TG, Macari M, Furlan RL. Poultry rearing on perforated plastic floors and the effect on air quality, growth perfor-mance, and carcass injuries-Experiment 2: Heat stress situation. Poult Sci 2018; 97: 1954-60.
  • Bilal K, Mehmood S, Akram M, Imran S, Sahota AW, Javed K, Hussain J, Ashfad H. Growth perfor-mance of broilers under two rearing systems in three different housing zones in an environmental-ly controlled house during winter. J Ani Plant Sci 2014; 24: 1039-44.
  • Cavusoglu E, Petek M. Effects of different floor mate-rials on the welfare and behavior of slow- and fast-growing broilers. Arch Anim Breed 2019; 62: 335-44.
  • Chuppava B, Keller B, Meißner J, Keitzmann M, Visscher C. Effects of different types of flooring design on the development of antimicrobial re-sistance in commensal Escherichia coli in fattening turkeys. Vet Microbiol 2018; 217: 18-24.
  • Crosmonn G. A modification of Mallory's connective tissue stain with a discussion of the principles involved. Anat Rec 1937; 69(1): 33-8.
  • De Jong I, Gunnik H, Hindle V. Implementation of the Welfare Quality® broiler assessment protocol-final report. Wageningen UR Livestock Research report, Wageningen, 2015; 833: 1-57.
  • Hashimoto S, Yamazaki K, Obi T, Takase K. Rela-tionship between severity of footpad dermatitis and carcass performance in broiler chickens. J Vet Med Sci 2013; 75(11): 1547-9.
  • Kaukonen E, Norring M, Valros A. Effect of litter qual-ity on foot pad dermatitis, hock burns and breast blisters in broiler breeders during the production period. Avian Pathol 2016; 45(6): 667-73.
  • Kristensen HH, Perry GC, Prescott NB, Ladewig J, Ersboll AK, Wathes CM. Leg health and perfor-mance of broiler chickens reared in different light environments. Br Poult Sci 2007; 47(3): 257-63.
  • Louton H, Piller A, Bergmann S, Erhard M, Stracke J, Spindler B, Kemper N, Schmidt P, Schade B, Boehm B, Kappe E, Bachmeier J, Schwarzer A Histologically validated scoring system for the as-sessment of hock burn in broilers. Avian Pathol 2020; 49(3): 230-42.
  • Martins BB, Martins MRFB, Mendes AA, Fernandes BCS, Aguiar EF. Footpad dermatitis in broilers: Differences between strains and gender. Braz J Poult Sci 2016; 18(3): 461-6.
  • Michel V, Prampart E, Mirabito L, Allain V, Arnould C, Huonnic D, Bouquin SL, Albaric O. Histologically-validated footpad dermatitis scoring system for use in chicken processing plants. Br Poult Sci 2012; 53(3): 275-81.
  • Nicol CJ, Bouwsema J, Caplen G, Davies AC, Hockenhull J, Lambton SL, Lines JA, Mullan S, Weeks CA. Farmed bird welfare science review. AVID 2017; 152-61.
  • North MO, Bell DB. Commercial Chicken Production Manual. Forth Edition; 1990. Springer
  • Pagazaurtundua A, Warris PD. Levels of foot pad dermatitis in broiler chickens reared in 5 different systems. Br Poult Sci 2006; 47(5): 529-32.
  • Petek M, Ustuner H, Yesilbag D. Effects of stocking density and litter type on litter quality and growth performance of broiler chicken. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg 2014; 20(5): 743-8.
  • Sander JE, Wilson JL, Cheng IH, Gibbs PS. Influence of slat material on hatching egg sanitation and slat disinfection. J Appl Poult Res 2003; (12): 74-80.
  • Shepherd EM, Fairchild BD. Footpad dermatitis in poultry. Poult Sci 2010; 10(1): 2043-51.
  • Snedecor GW, Cochran WG. Statistical Methods. The Iowa State University Press, Iowa, US; 1989.
  • SPSS Inc. Released. PASW Statistics for Windows, Version 18.0. Chicago: SPSS Inc; 2013.
  • Swiatkiewicz S, Arczewska-Wlosek A, Jozefiak D. The nutrition of poultry as a factor affecting litter quality and foot pad dermatitis - an updated review. J Anim Physiol An N 2016; 101: 14-20.
  • Turkey-Legal Gazette, 28914, 15 Feb 2014.
  • US Poultry, Egg Export Council US Chicken Feet Kicked Out of China. http://www. thepoultry-site.com/poultrynews/18142/us-chicken-feet-kicked-out-of-china. 2009. Accessed Date: 01.03.2021.
  • Welfare Quality Assessment protocol for poultry. ASG Veehouderji BV, Netherlands, 2009. p. 36-45.
There are 25 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Sabire Güler This is me 0000-0002-7367-6859

Metin Petek This is me 0000-0003-4560-2438

Enver Çavuşoğlu 0000-0002-9018-3511

Hüseyin Ersin Topal This is me 0000-0001-8245-912X

Publication Date August 1, 2021
Submission Date March 13, 2021
Acceptance Date May 31, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 18 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Güler, S., Petek, M., Çavuşoğlu, E., Topal, H. E. (2021). The Histological Characteristics of Footpad Dermatitis in a Fast-Growing Broiler Chickens Raised on Different Floor Housing Systems. Erciyes Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 18(2), 96-101. https://doi.org/10.32707/ercivet.953190
AMA Güler S, Petek M, Çavuşoğlu E, Topal HE. The Histological Characteristics of Footpad Dermatitis in a Fast-Growing Broiler Chickens Raised on Different Floor Housing Systems. Erciyes Üniv Vet Fak Derg. August 2021;18(2):96-101. doi:10.32707/ercivet.953190
Chicago Güler, Sabire, Metin Petek, Enver Çavuşoğlu, and Hüseyin Ersin Topal. “The Histological Characteristics of Footpad Dermatitis in a Fast-Growing Broiler Chickens Raised on Different Floor Housing Systems”. Erciyes Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi 18, no. 2 (August 2021): 96-101. https://doi.org/10.32707/ercivet.953190.
EndNote Güler S, Petek M, Çavuşoğlu E, Topal HE (August 1, 2021) The Histological Characteristics of Footpad Dermatitis in a Fast-Growing Broiler Chickens Raised on Different Floor Housing Systems. Erciyes Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi 18 2 96–101.
IEEE S. Güler, M. Petek, E. Çavuşoğlu, and H. E. Topal, “The Histological Characteristics of Footpad Dermatitis in a Fast-Growing Broiler Chickens Raised on Different Floor Housing Systems”, Erciyes Üniv Vet Fak Derg, vol. 18, no. 2, pp. 96–101, 2021, doi: 10.32707/ercivet.953190.
ISNAD Güler, Sabire et al. “The Histological Characteristics of Footpad Dermatitis in a Fast-Growing Broiler Chickens Raised on Different Floor Housing Systems”. Erciyes Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi 18/2 (August 2021), 96-101. https://doi.org/10.32707/ercivet.953190.
JAMA Güler S, Petek M, Çavuşoğlu E, Topal HE. The Histological Characteristics of Footpad Dermatitis in a Fast-Growing Broiler Chickens Raised on Different Floor Housing Systems. Erciyes Üniv Vet Fak Derg. 2021;18:96–101.
MLA Güler, Sabire et al. “The Histological Characteristics of Footpad Dermatitis in a Fast-Growing Broiler Chickens Raised on Different Floor Housing Systems”. Erciyes Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 18, no. 2, 2021, pp. 96-101, doi:10.32707/ercivet.953190.
Vancouver Güler S, Petek M, Çavuşoğlu E, Topal HE. The Histological Characteristics of Footpad Dermatitis in a Fast-Growing Broiler Chickens Raised on Different Floor Housing Systems. Erciyes Üniv Vet Fak Derg. 2021;18(2):96-101.