Türkiye-Armenia Relations in Terms of Conflict Resolution, Reconciliation and the Role of Diaspora

Yıl 2024, Sayı: 75, 125 - 153, 24.05.2024

Ebru Çoban Öztürk

https://doi.org/10.36542/erma.1430692

Öz

The problems between Turkey and Armenia are treated as different and inactive type of conflict in the literature of conflict studies. Although there is no active conflict between Turkey and Armenia, the active conflict between Azerbaijan and Armenia and the role of the Armenian diaspora adds a new dimension. The relations between the two states falls apart from the conflict literature and regional relations and conflict resolution proposals become more complicated. When a strong and additional factor such as diaspora embedded in the situation of active or inactive conflict, negative relations between the neighbors can worsen. Although the Armenian diaspora is a multicultural community with its own differences, it has strong, persistent, and common ideas about the recognition of the 1915 incidents as genocide, the Armenian identity, and the situation in Nagorno-Karabakh. When the diaspora wants to prioritize its own approaches over Armenia's politics, it has the potential to affect Armenia's domestic and foreign policy. In this case, instrumental reconciliation approach can be suggested in conflict resolution and reconciliation literature to develop good neighborly relations. In the instrumental reconciliation, commercial, economic, political, and educational initiatives and proposals can be made to develop mutual trust by focusing on the current developments. However, reconciliation will not be possible without considering the influence of the diaspora and its attitude towards reconciliation approaches. In the study, reconciliation approaches, the reconciliation model that can be applied in the conflict among neighbors and the effect of the diaspora on reconciliation approaches will be examined.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Conflict Resolution, Instrumental Reconciliation, Armenian Diaspora, Turkey, Azerbaijan, Armenia

Çatışma Çözümü, Uzlaşma ve Diasporanın Rolü Açısından Türkiye Ermenistan İlişkileri

Öz

Türkiye ve Ermenistan arasındaki sorunlar, farklı ve aktif olmayan bir çatışma türü olarak yer almaktadır. Bu ilişki türüne Azerbaycan ve Ermenistan arasındaki aktif çatışma ve Ermeni diasporanın rolü eklendiğinde ise mevcut literatüre aykırı olan bir durum ortaya çıkmakta, hem bölgesel ilişkiler hem çatışma çözümü önerileri daha karmaşık hale gelmektedir. Diaspora gibi güçlü ve ek bir etken komşuluk ilişkilerindeki sorunları derinleştirebilmektedir. Ermeni diaspora, kendi içinde farklılıkları olan bir topluluk olsa da 1915 olaylarının soykırım olarak tanınması, Ermeni kimliği ve Dağlık Karabağ’ın durumu konusunda güçlü ve ısrarcı ortak fikirlere sahiptir ve kendi önceliklerini Ermenistan’ın siyasetinden öncelikli tutmak istediğinde Ermenistan’ın iç ve dış politikasını etkileme potansiyeline sahiptir. İyi komşuluk ilişkileri geliştirebilmek için çatışma çözümü ve uzlaşma çalışmaları başlatmak gereklidir. Ancak diasporanın etkisi ve tutumu dikkate alınmadan hakiki ve uzun vadeli uzlaşma gerçekleşemeyecektir. Makalede, olumlu ilişkiler geliştirebilmek için günümüze odaklanan, ticari, iktisadi, siyasi ve eğitime ilişkin girişimler ile iş birliği içeren ve karşılıklı güven geliştirmeye önem veren araçsal uzlaşma yaklaşımı önerilmektedir. Çalışmada, uzlaşma yaklaşımları, üç ülkenin komşuluğunda uygulanabilecek uzlaşma modeli, diasporanın rolü ve uzlaşma yaklaşımlarındaki etkisi incelenecektir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Çatışma Çözümü, Araçsal Uzlaşma, Ermeni Diaspora, Türkiye, Azerbaycan, Ermenistan

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