Biodegradation behavior of two different chitosan films under controlled composting environment

Year 2019, Volume: 2 Issue: 2, 80 - 84, 30.06.2019

Emine Altun Eda Çelik Hülya Yavuz Ersan

https://doi.org/10.35208/ert.439090

Cited By: 1

Abstract

Chitosan has applications in
different industries, due to the superior properties, causing an increase in
the production of chitosan containing waste. Although composting is the most
suitable method for biodegradable wastes like chitosan, less is known about the
degradation of chitosan within the composting environment. In this study,
biodegradation behavior of bare chitosan films and neutralized chitosan films
were investigated under controlled composting environment according to
international standards. CO₂ emission data showed higher degradation
rate of bare chitosan films compared with neutralized chitosan films, which was
also supported by SEM images and digital photographs in addition to the TGA and
FTIR results. It can be concluded that the biodegradation rate of chitosan
films under the composting environment is highly related to the amount of
glycerol present in the films and the extraction rate of glycerol from film
structure.

Keywords

Biodegradation, Biopolymer, Chitosan, Composting

References

• [1] Lim, S.-H. and Hudson, S.M., "Review of Chitosan and Its Derivatives as Antimicrobial Agents and Their Uses as Textile Chemicals", Journal of Macromolecular Science Polymer Reviews Vol. 43, pp. 223-269, 2003.
• [2] Guo, M., Jin, T.Z., Wang, L., Scullen, O.J., and Sommers, C.H., "Antimicrobial films and coatings for inactivation of Listeria innocua on ready-to-eat deli turkey meat", Food Control, Vol. 40, pp. 64-70, 2014.
• [3] Altiok, D., Altiok, E., and Tihminlioglu, F., "Physical, antibacterial and antioxidant properties of chitosan films incorporated with thyme oil for potential wound healing applications", Journal of Materials Science Materials in Medicine, Vol. 21, pp. 2227-36, 2010.
• [4] Fernandez-Saiz, P., Lagaron, J.M., and Ocio, M.J., "Optimization of the biocide properties of chitosan for its application in the design of active films of interest in the food area", Food Hydrocolloids, Vol. 23, pp. 913-921, 2009.
• [5] Freier, T., Koh, H.S., Kazazian, K., and Shoichet, M.S., "Controlling cell adhesion and degradation of chitosan films by N-acetylation", Biomaterials, Vol. 26, pp. 5872-8, 2005.
• [6] Bonilla, J., Fortunati, E., Atarés, L., Chiralt, A., and Kenny, J.M., "Physical, structural and antimicrobial properties of poly vinyl alcohol–chitosan biodegradable films", Food Hydrocolloids Vol. 35, pp. 463-470, 2014.
• [7] Fernández-Saiz, P., Sánchez, G., Soler, C., Lagaron, J.M., and Ocio, M.J., "Chitosan films for the microbiological preservation of refrigerated sole and hake fillets", Food Control, Vol. 34, pp. 61-68, 2013.
• [8] Ma, Q., Zhang, Y., Critzer, F., Davidson, P.M., Zivanovic, S., and Zhong, Q., "Physical, mechanical, and antimicrobial properties of chitosan films with microemulsions of cinnamon bark oil and soybean oil", Food Hydrocolloids, Vol. 52, pp. 533-542, 2016.
• [9] Zhang, Z.H., Han, Z., Zeng, X.A., Xiong, X.Y., and Liu, Y.J., "Enhancing mechanical properties of chitosan films via modification with vanillin", International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, Vol. 81, pp. 638-43, 2015.
• [10] Mehta, C.M., Palni, U., Franke-Whittle, I.H., and Sharma, A.K., "Compost Its role, mechanism and impact on reducing soil-borne plant", Waste Management, Vol. 34, pp. 607-622, 2014.
• [11] Dees, P.M. and Ghiorse, W.C., "Microbial diversity in hot synthetic compost as revealed by PCR-amplified rRNA sequences from cultivated isolates and extracted DNA", FEMS Microbiology Ecology, Vol. 35, pp. 207-216, 2001.
• [12] Leceta, I., Guerrero, P., Cabezudo, S., and Caba, K.d.l., "Environmental assessment of chitosan-based films", Journal of Cleaner Production, Vol. 41, pp. 312-318, 2013.
• [13] Dean, K., Sangwan, P., Way, C., Zhang, X., Martino, V.P., Xie, F., Halley, P.J., Pollet, E., and Avérous, L., "Glycerol plasticised chitosan: A study of biodegradation via carbon dioxide evolution and nuclear magnetic resonance", Polymer Degradation Stability, Vol. 98, pp. 1236-1246, 2013.
• [14] Xie, D.F., Martino, V.P., Sangwan, P., Way, C., Cash, G.A., Pollet, E., Dean, K.M., Halley, P.J., and Avérous, L., "Elaboration and properties of plasticised chitosan-based exfoliated nano-biocomposites", Polymer, Vol. 54, pp. 3654-3662, 2013.
• [15] Leceta, I., Guerrero, P., and de la Caba, K., "Functional properties of chitosan-based films", Carbohydrate Polymers, Vol. 93, pp. 339-346, 2013.
• [16] Martínez-Camacho, A.P., Cortez-Rocha, M.O., Ezquerra-Brauer, J.M., Graciano-Verdugo, A.Z., Rodriguez-Félix, F., Castillo-Ortega, M.M., Yépiz-Gómez, M.S., and Plascencia-Jatomea, M., "Chitosan composite films: Thermal, structural, mechanical and antifungal properties", Carbohydrate Polymers, Vol. 82, pp. 305-315, 2010.
• [17] "D5338-98 American Society for Testing Materials (ASTM), Standard Test Method for Determining Aerobic Biodegradation of Plastic Materials under Controlled Composting Conditions", ASTM International, West Conshocken, PA, 2003.
• [18] "EN ISO 14855-1, Determination of the Ultimate Aerobic Biodegradability and Disintegration of Plastic Materials under Controlled Composting Conditions—Method by Analysis of Evolved Carbon dioxide-Part 1: General method", 2012.
• [19] Kammoun, M., Haddar, M., Kallel, T.K., Dammak, M., and Sayari, A., "Biological properties and biodegradation studies of chitosan biofilms plasticized with PEG and glycerol", International Journal of Biological Macromoecules, Vol. 62, pp. 433-438, 2013.
• [20] Kurek, M., Brachais, C.-H., Nguimjeu, C.M., Bonnotte, A., Voilley, A., Galić, K., Couvercelle, J.-P., and Debeaufort, F., "Structure and thermal properties of a chitosan coated polyethylene bilayer film", Polymer Degradation Stability, Vol. 97, pp. 1232-1240, 2012.
• [21] Lamim, R., de Freitas, R.A., Rudek, E.I., Wilhelm, H.M., Cavalcanti, O.A., and Bresolin, T.M.B., "Films of chitosan andN-carboxymethylchitosan. Part II: effect of plasticizers on their physiochemical properties", Polymer International, Vol. 55, pp. 970-977, 2006.
• [22] Suyatma, N., Tighzert, L., and Copinet, A., "Effects of hydrophilic plasticizers on mechanical, thermal, and surface properties of chitosan films", Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, Vol. 53, pp. 3950-3957, 2005.