Gender Roles and Personality Predictors of Life Satisfaction During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Cultural Analysis

Year 2024, Volume: 26 Issue: 3, 484 - 493, 30.09.2024

Evren Erzen , Khatuna Martskvishvili , Muhammet Ali Karaduman , Nato Laghıdze

https://doi.org/10.17556/erziefd.1377713

Abstract

COVID-19 is a global pandemic that has had significant effects on societies, even though its effects have largely diminished. The psychological state of individuals who cannot leave their homes for long periods during the lockdown practices implemented in many countries is a special situation that needs to be examined. Women and men who stay together at home for long periods may experience conflict with other people. The extent to which this situation is related to the personality traits and gender roles of individuals is a subject of research. For this reason, this study investigates the predictive power of personality traits and gender roles on life satisfaction during the lockdown period due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The study group consists of 571 participants (Female: 327, 42.73%; Male: 244, 57.27%) selected from Türkiye and Georgia, aged between 18 and 50 (Meanage: 21.89, df: 4.09). The results show that adopting feminine and masculine gender roles in both cultures contributes to an increase in individuals' life satisfaction levels, while having neurotic personality traits causes individuals' life satisfaction levels to decrease. However, in Georgia, being extraverted, conscientious, emotionally stable, and exhibiting the characteristics of feminine and masculine gender roles were seen as predictors of life satisfaction, while in Türkiye, being emotionally stable and adopting the feminine gender role were determined as variables that increased life satisfaction. The results obtained were discussed in line with the literature.

Keywords

COVID-19, pandemic, life satisfaction, personality, gender roles

COVID-19 Pandemisi Sırasında Yaşam Doyumunun Yordayıcıları olarak Cinsiyet Rolleri ve Kişilik: Kültürlerarası Bir Analiz

Abstract

COVID-19, etkileri büyük ölçüde azalmış olsa da toplumlar üzerinde önemli etkiler bırakan küresel bir salgındır. Birçok ülkede gerçekleştirilen kapanma uygulamaları döneminde evlerinden uzunca süre çıkamayan bireylerin psikolojik durumları ise incelenmesi gereken özel bir durumdur. Ev içerisinde uzun süreler birlikte kalan kadın ve erkekler karşılarındaki kişilerle çatışma yaşayabilmektedir. Bu durumun bireylerin sahip olduğu kişilik özellikleri ve cinsiyet rolleri ile ne derece ilişkili olduğu araştırma konusudur. Bu sebeple bu çalışma, COVID-19 salgını nedeniyle yaşanılan eve kapanma döneminde kişilik özellikleri ve cinsiyet rollerinin yaşam doyumu üzerindeki yordayıcı gücü araştırmaktadır. Çalışma grubu Türkiye ve Gürcistan'dan seçilen, yaşları 18 ile 50 arasında (OrtYaş:21,89, Ss:4,09) 571 katılımcıdan (Kadın:327, %42,73; Erkek: 244, %57,27) oluşmaktadır. Sonuçlar, her iki kültürde kadınsı ve erkeksi cinsiyet rollerini benimsemiş olmanın bireylerin yaşam doyumu düzeylerinin artışına katkı sunduğunu, nevrotik kişilik özelliklerine sahip olmanın ise bireylerin yaşam doyumu düzeylerinin azalmasına sebep olduğunu göstermektedir. Bununla birlikte Gürcistan’da dışadönüklük, sorumluluk, duygusal açıdan dengeli olma, kadınsı ve erkeksi cinsiyet rollerinin özelliklerini gösterme yaşam doyumunun yordayıcılarından olarak görülmekteyken Türkiye’de duygusal açıdan dengeli olma ve kadınsı cinsiyet rolünü benimseme yaşam doyumunda artış sağlayan değişkenler olarak belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar literatür doğrultusunda tartışılmıştır.

Keywords

COVID-19, salgın, yaşam doyumu, kişilik, cinsiyet rolleri

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