estudam public health journal Eskişehir Türk Dünyası Uygulama ve Araştırma Merkezi Halk Sağlığı Dergisi 2564-6311 2564-6311 Eskişehir Osmangazi University 10.35232/estudamhsd.1470283 Preventative Health Care Public Health (Other) Koruyucu Sağlık Hizmetleri Halk Sağlığı (Diğer) THE EFFECT OF FEAR OF COVID-19 DISEASE ON SMOKING BEHAVIOR COVID-19 KORKUSUNUN SİGARA İÇME DAVRANIŞINA ETKİSİ https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0065-9633 Özsaydı Semiha Zeynep Kayseri İl Sağlık Müdürlüğü https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7333-662X Gün İskender NIGDE OMER HALISDEMIR UNIVERSITY 11 01 2024 9 3 290 300 04 18 2024 06 27 2024 Copyright © 2016, ESTUDAM Public Health Journal 2016 ESTUDAM Public Health Journal

This study aimed to examine the effects of fear of COVID-19 disease on individuals' smoking behavior. Between April and July 2021, 384 patients who applied to family health centers in Kayseri Melikgazi district were administered a questionnaire, the fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S), and the Fagerström Nicotine Dependence Test (FNDT). Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal Wallis tests were used to compare the groups, Spearman correlation analysis was used to evaluate the correlation of numerical data, chi-square tests were used to analyze categorical data. The median FCV-19S score of the group was 16.0 (min:7-max:35). During the pandemic, 79.1% of the participants had no change in their smoking status. The proportion of smokers who reduced the amount of cigarettes they smoked was higher in those who reported deaths in their circle of friends and relatives due to COVID-19 and in those with lower FNDT scores (p

Bu çalışmanın amacı COVID-19 hastalığı korkusunun bireylerin sigara içme davranışı üzerindeki etkilerini incelemektir. Nisan-Temmuz 2021 tarihleri arasında Kayseri Melikgazi ilçesindeki aile sağlığı merkezlerine başvuran 384 hastaya anket, COVID-19 Korkusu Ölçeği (FCV-19S) ve Fagerström Nikotin Bağımlılık Testi (FNDT) uygulanmıştır. Grupları karşılaştırmak için Mann-Whitney U ve Kruskal Wallis testleri, sayısal verilerin korelasyonunu değerlendirmek için Spearman korelasyon analizi, kategorik verileri analiz etmek için ki-kare testleri kullanılmıştır. Grubun medyan FCV-19S skoru 16.0 (min:7-maks:35) idi. Pandemi sırasında katılımcıların %79,1'inin sigara içme durumunda bir değişiklik olmamıştır. İçtikleri sigara miktarını azaltanların oranı, arkadaş ve akraba çevresinde COVID-19 nedeniyle ölüm bildirenlerde ve FNDT skoru düşük olanlarda daha yüksekti (p

 COVID-19 fear of COVID-19 smoking behavior motivation to quit smoking COVID-19 COVID-19 korkusu sigara içme davranışı sigara bırakma motivasyonu Benowitz NL, Goniewicz ML, Halpern-Felsher B, Krishnan-Sarin S, Ling PM, O'Connor RJ, et al. Tobacco product use and the risks of SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19: current understanding and recommendations for future research. The Lancet Respiratory Medicine. 2022;10(9):900-15. doi:10.1016/S2213-2600(22)00182-5. Bar-Zeev Y, Shauly M, Lee H, Neumark Y. Changes in smoking behaviour and home-smoking rules during the initial COVID-19 lockdown period in Israel. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(4): 1931. doi:10.3390/ijerph18041931. Kayhan Tetik B, Gedik Tekinemre I, Taş S. The effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on smoking cessation success. Journal of Community Health. 2021;46(3):471-5. doi:10.1007/s10900-020-00880-2. WHO global report on trends in prevalence of tobacco use 2000-2025, fourth edition. [updated 19.10.2022]. Available from: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240039322 Carreras G, Lugo A, Stival C, Amerio A, Odone A, Pacifici R, et al. Impact of COVID-19 lockdown on smoking consumption in a large representative sample of Italian adults. Tobacco Control. 2022;31(5):615-22. Giovenco DP, Spillane TE, Maggi RM, Lee EY, Philbin MM. Multi-level drivers of tobacco use and purchasing behaviors during COVID-19 “lockdown”: A qualitative study in the United States. International Journal of Drug Policy. 2021;94:103175. doi:10.1016/j.drugpo.2021.103175. Patwardhan P. COVID-19: Risk of increase in smoking rates among England’s 6 million smokers and relapse among England’s 11 million ex-smokers. BJGP Open. 2020;4(2). doi:10.3399/bjgpopen20X101067. Gold AK, Hoyt DL, Milligan M, Hiserodt ML, Samora J, Leyro TM, et al. The role of fear of COVID-19 in motivation to quit smoking and reductions in cigarette smoking: a preliminary investigation of at-risk cigarette smokers. Cognitive Behaviour Therapy. 2021;50(4):295-304. doi:10.1080/16506073.2021.1877340. Nguyen HT, Do BN, Pham KM, Kim GB, Dam HTB, Nguyen TT, et al. Fear of COVID-19 scale-associations of its scores with health literacy and health-related behaviors among medical students. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(11):4164. doi:10.3390/ijerph17114164. Bommelé J, Hopman P, Walters BH, Geboers C, Croes E, Fong GT, et al. The double-edged relationship between COVID-19 stress and smoking: Implications for smoking cessation. Tobacco Induced Diseases. 2020;18. doi:10.18332/tid/125580. Ay P. Yeni koronavirüs hastalığı tütün kullanımını nasıl etkiledi? Sürekli Tıp Eğitimi Dergisi. 2021;30:9-15. Available from: https://www.ttb.org.tr/STED/images/file/2021_3_O.pdf Güngör S, Derya A. Bir aile sağliği merkezine başvuran hastalarin covid-19 aşisina yönelik düşünceleri ile covid-19 korkusunun değerlendirilmesi. Karya Journal of Health Science.3(2):154-60. Taylor MR, Agho KE, Stevens GJ, Raphael B. Factors influencing psychological distress during a disease epidemic: data from Australia's first outbreak of equine influenza. BMC Public Health. 2008;8(1):1-13. doi:10.1186/1471-2458-8-347. Sarıçam H, Erguvan F, Akın A, Akça M. Belirsizliğe tahammülsüzlük ölçeği BTÖ 12 Türkçe formu geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Route Educational and Social Science Journal. 2014;1(3):148-57. Yang H, Ma J. How the COVID-19 pandemic impacts tobacco addiction: Changes in smoking behavior and associations with well-being. Addictive Behaviors. 2021;119:106917. doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2021.106917. Blom V, Lönn A, Ekblom B, Kallings LV, Väisänen D, Hemmingsson E, et al. Lifestyle habits and mental health in light of the two COVID-19 pandemic waves in Sweden, 2020. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021;18(6):3313. doi:10.3390/ijerph18063313. Gamsizkan Z, Abdulkadir K, Sungur MA, Tuncel MC, Özdemir F, Baştan GG, et al. Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on smoking. Konuralp Medical Journal. 2021;13(S1):468-73. doi:10.18521/ktd.973971. WHO. Coronavirus (COVID-19) Dashboard, Situation by Region, Country, Territory & Area. [updated 26.03.2023]. Available from: https://covid19.who.int/table Stubbs B, Veronese N, Vancampfort D, Prina AM, Lin P-Y, Tseng P-T, et al. Perceived stress and smoking across 41 countries: A global perspective across Europe, Africa, Asia and the Americas. Scientific Reports. 2017;7(1):7597. doi:10.1038/s41598-017-07579-w. WHO. Conference of the parties to the who framework convention on tobacco control. [updated 20.03.23]. Available from: https://untobaccocontrol.org/downloads/cop9/decisions/FCTC_COP9_10_EN.pdf Koopmann A, Georgiadou E, Reinhard I, Müller A, Lemenager T, Kiefer F, et al. The effects of the lockdown during the COVID-19 pandemic on alcohol and tobacco consumption behavior in Germany. European Addiction Research. 2021;27(4):242-56. doi: 10.1159/000515438. Arpacıoğlu S, Ünübol B. Koronavirüs salgınında alkol-sigara kullanımındaki değişiklikler ve ilişkili durumların araştırılması. Kıbrıs Türk Psikiyatri ve Psikoloji Dergisi. 2020;2(3):128-38. doi:10.35365/ctjpp.20.03.23. Vanderbruggen N, Matthys F, Van Laere S, Zeeuws D, Santermans L, Van den Ameele S, et al. Self-reported alcohol, tobacco, and cannabis use during COVID-19 lockdown measures: results from a web-based survey. European Addiction Research. 2020;26(6):309-15. doi:10.1159/000510822. Büyükbayraktar Z, Karahan S, Ağadayı E, Doruk C. Diş hekimliği öğrencilerinin Koronavirüs bilgi düzeyleri, koruyucu davranışları ve korku seviyeleri. Selcuk Dental Journal. 9(1):119-25. doi:10.15311/selcukdentj.916650. Wang C, Pan R, Wan X, Tan Y, Xu L, Ho CS, et al. Immediate psychological responses and associated factors during the initial stage of the 2019 Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) epidemic among the general population in China. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(5). doi:10.3390/ijerph17051729. Overfield T. Biologic Variation in Health and Illness: Race, Age, and Sex Differences. 1th ed.:CRC Press; 2017. Modena CF, Kogien M, Marcon SR, Demenech LM, Nascimento F, Carrijo MVN. Factors associated with the perception of fear of COVID-19 in university students. Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem. 2021;75(Suppl 1):e20210448. Doğan R, Güreş EE, Çıkırıkçı EHK, İlhan M, Çolak H, Çolak M. Determination of COVID-19 fear and healthy lifestyle behaviors in faculty of health sciences students: A cross-sectional. İzmir Katip Çelebi Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi. 8(1):7-14. Choi D, Ota S, Watanuki S. Does cigarette smoking relieve stress? Evidence from the event-related potential (ERP). International Journal of Psychophysiology. 2015;98(3):470-6. doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2015.10.005. Yılmazel G. Nicotine dependence levels in pre and during pandemic and its correlations with COVID-19 phobia among healthy men during controlled social life: A sample of primary care population. Int J Clin Pract. 2021;75(10):e14627.