The Relationship Between the Characteristics of the Newborn and the Nutrient Content of Breast Milk

Year 2023, Volume: 3 Issue: 1, 36 - 47, 17.04.2023

Fatma Şule Bilgiç , Gülçin Bozkurt , Asuman Çoban

https://doi.org/10.56061/fbujohs.1205863

Abstract

This study aimed to examine the relationship between newborn characteristics and breast milk nutritional content. The sample of the descriptive study consisted of 46 mothers and babies. The data were obtained by the data collection form created by the researcher. On the 1st, 5th and 15th day after delivery, a 2 ml breast milk sample taken from the right breast by hand milking method was analyzed with Miris HMATM device and newborns were weighed with Neck weighing device. The mothers in the study group were 28.6 ±5.5 years old, 60.8% gave birth by cesarean section, 65.2% of the babies were male, the mean gestational age was 38.9±1.1 weeks, the mean birth weight was 3389±406.4 g and according to the Lubcenko curve, 82.6% of the babies were on the scale appropriate to gestational age. It was found that there was a significant positive relationship between the baby's weight and breast milk macronutrients. There was a significant positive relationship between the baby's head and chest circumference and breast milk macronutrients (p<0.05).In repeated measurements, it was found that the amount of carbohydrates and fats in breast milk gradually increased and the protein decreased.

Keywords

yenidoğan, besin içeriği, antropometrik ölçüm, kan gazı., breast milk, newborn, nutrient content, anthropometric measurement, blood gas

Supporting Institution

İstanbul Üniversitesi-Cerrahpaşa Bilimsel Araştırma Projesi Birimi

Project Number

33735

Thanks

We would like to thank Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa Scientific Research Projects Unit, Istanbul University Istanbul Medical Faculty Neonatal Intensive Care team, mothers who contributed to the collection of research data, and Gökçe Doğa

Yenidoğanın Özellikleri ile Anne Sütü Besin İçeriği ilişkisi

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı, yenidoğanın özellikleri ile anne sütü besin içeriği ilişkisini incelenmektir. Tanımlayıcı özellikteki araştırmanın örneklemini n:46 anne ile bebeği oluşturdu. Veriler araştırmacı tarafından oluşturulan veri toplama formu ile elde edildi. Annelerden doğum sonra 1., 5. ve 15. gün, sağ memeden, elle sağma yöntemi ile alınan 2 ml. anne sütü örneği Miris HTMA cihazı ile analiz edildi ve yenidoğanların Neck tartı aleti ile tartıldı. Araştırma grubundaki anneler ortalama 28,6 ±5,5 yaşında, %60,8’i sezaryen ile doğum yaptığı, bebeklerin %65,2’si erkek, gestasyon yaş ortalaması 38,9±1,1 ay, doğum kilosu ortalama 3389±406,4 g ve Lubcenko eğrisine göre bebeklerin %82,6’sı gestasyon yaşına uygun tartıda olduğu belirlendi. Bebeğin tartısı ile anne sütü makro besin öğeleri arasında pozitif yönde anlamlı ilişki olduğu saptandı. Bebeğin baş ve göğüs çevresi ile anne sütü makro besin öğeleri arasında pozitif yönde anlamlı ilişki olduğu görüldü (p<0,05). Tekrarlayan ölçümlerde, anne sütü karbonhidrat ve yağ miktarının giderek arttığı, proteinin ise düştüğü saptandı.

Keywords

anne sütü, yenidoğan, besin içeriği, antropometrik ölçüm, kan gazı., breast milk, newborn, nutrient content, anthropometric measurement, blood gas

Project Number

33735

References

• Bravi, F., Wiens, F., Decarli, A., Dal Pont, A., Agostoni, C., & Ferraroni, M. (2016). Impact of maternal nutrition on breast-milk composition: A systematic review. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 104(3), 646-662. https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.115.120881
• Bzikowska, A., Czerwonogrodzka-Senczyna, A., Weker, H., & Wesołowska, A. (2018). Correlation between human milk composition and maternal nutritional status. Roczniki Panstwowego Zakladu Higieny, 69(4),363-7. https://doi.org/10.32394/rpzh.2018.0041
• Cuschieri, S. (2019). The STROBE guidelines. Saudi Journal of Anaesthesia, 13(1), S31. https://doi.org/10.4103/sja.SJA_543_18
• Dritsakou, K., Liosis, G., Valsami, G., Polychronopoulos, E., & Skouroliakou, M. (2017). The impact of maternal-and neonatal-associated factors on human milk's macronutrients and energy. The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine, 30(11),1302-08. https://doi.org/10.1080/14767058.2016.1212329
• Galante, L., Milan, A. M., Reynolds, C. M., Cameron-Smith, D., Vickers, M. H., & Pundir, S. (2018). Sex-specific human milk composition: The role of infant sex in determining early life nutrition. Nutrients, 10(9), 1194. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10091194
• Goulet-Pelletier, J. C., & Cousineau, D. (2018). A review of effect sizes and their confidence intervals, Part I: The Cohen’sd family. The Quantitative Methods for Psychology, 14(4), 242-265. http://dx.doi.org/10.20982/tqmp.14.4.p242
• Hascoët, J. M., Chauvin, M., Pierret, C., Skweres, S., Egroo, L.V. & Rougé, C. (2019). Impact of maternal nutrition and perinatal factors on breast milk composition after premature delivery. Nutrients, 11(2), 366. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11020366
• Hinde, K. & German, J. B. (2012). Food in an evolutionary context: insights from mother's milk. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 92(11), 2219-2223. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.5720
• Isaacs, E. B., Fischl, B. R., Quinn, B. T., Chong, W. K., Gadian, D. G. & Lucas, A. (2010). Impact of breast milk on intelligence quotient, brain size, and white matter development. Pediatric research, 67, 357. https://doi.org/10.1203/PDR.0b013e3181d026da
• Kilci Erciyas, Ş. (2021) The content of breast milk. In Özsoy S (Ed.), Counseling/current approaches in breastfeeding and breastfeeding (pp. 32-39). Turkey Clinics.
• Léké, A., Grognet, S., Deforceville, M., Goudjil, S., Chazal, C. & Kongolo, G. (2019). Macronutrient composition in human milk from mothers of preterm and term neonates is highly variable during the lactation period. Clinical Nutrition Experimental, 26, 59-72 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yclnex.2019.03.004
• Minato, T., Nomura, K., Asakura, H., Aihara, A., Hiraike, H. & Hino, Y. (2019). Maternal undernutrition and breast milk macronutrient content are not associated with weight in breastfed ınfants at 1 and 3 months after delivery. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16, 3315. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16183315
• Paulaviciene, I.J., Liubsys, A., Molyte, A., Eidukaite, A. & Usonis, V. (2020). Circadian changes in the composition of human milk macronutrients depending on pregnancy duration: A cross-sectional study. Int Breastfeed J, 15(1), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13006-020-00291-y
• Phattraprayoon, N., Kraisonsin, N. & Kanjanapattanakul W. (2018). Comparison of breast milk compositions among mothers delivering small-for-gestational age, appropriate-for-gestational age, and large-for-gestational age infants. Breastfeeding Medicine, 13(9), 627-30. https://doi.org/10.1089/bfm.2018.0043
• Prentice, P., Ong, K. K., Schoemaker, M. H., van Tol, E. A., Vervoort, J. & Hughes, I. A. (2016). Breast milk nutrient content and infancy growth. Acta Paediatrica, 105(6), 641-647. https://doi.org/10.1111/apa.13362
• Quinn, E. A., Largado, F. E., Power, M. & Kuzawa, C. W. (2012). Predictors of breast milk macronutrient composition in Filipino mothers. American Journal of Human Biology, 24(4), 533-540. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajhb.22266
• Uraş, N. (2017). The formation and content of breast milk. Turkish World Application and Research Center Journal of Newborn, 2(2), 130-53.