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Environmental Contaminants and Human Health: The Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances

Year 2005, Volume: 10 Issue: 1, 1 - 4, 01.02.2005

Abstract

Chemical contaminants are widespread in our environment, and we all carry some of many different chemicals in our bodies. What these chemicals do to our health is a very important question. While many chemicals can cause harm to humans, we know much about two categories of persistent toxic substances, metals such as lead and mercury and organohalogens, such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs). These substances are very persistent in the environment and in the human body, and can increase risk of a variety of diseases. It is imperative that we find ways of removing these dangerous chemicals from the environment and ways of reducing human exposure.

References

  • Crump KS, Canady R, Kogevinas M. Meta-analysis of dioxin cancer dose response for three occupational cohorts. Environ Health Perspect 2002; 111: 681-687.
  • Kang H, Enziger F, Breslini P, Feil M, Lee Y, Shepard B. Soft tissue sarcoma and military service in Vietnam: A case-control study. J Natl Cancer Inst 1987; 79: 693-699.
  • Birnbaum LS, Tuomisto J. Non-carcinogenic effects of TCDD in animals. Food Addit Contam 2000; 17: 275-288.
  • Ten Tusscher GW, Steerenberg PA, van Loveren H et al. Persistent hematologic and immunologic disturbances in 8-year- old Dutch children associated with perinatal dioxin exposure. Environ Health Perspect 2003; 111: 1519-1523.
  • Baccarelli A, Mocarelli P, Patterson DG et al. Immunologic effects of dioxin: New results from Seveso and comparison with other studies. Environ Health Perspect 2003; 110:1169-1173.
  • Hojo R, Stern S, Zareba G et al. Sexually dimorphic behavioral responses to prenatal dioxin exposure. Environ Health Perspect 2002; 110: 247-254.
  • Vreugdenhil HJI, Slijper FME, Mulder PGH, Weisglas-Kuperus N. Effects of perinatal exposure to PCBs and dioxins on play behavior in Dutch children at school age. Environ Health Perspect 2002; 110: A593-A598.
  • Schantz SL, Bowman RE. Learning in monkeys exposed perinatally to 2, 3, 7, 8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD). Neurotoxicol Teratol 1989; 11: 13-19.
  • Barrett DH, Morris RD, Akhtar FZ, Michalek JE. Serum dioxin and cognitive functioning among veterans of operation Ranch Hand. NeuroToxicology 2001; 22: 491-502.
  • Carpenter DO. Polychlorinated biphenyls and human health. Int J Occup Med Environ Health 1998; 11: 291-303.
  • Carpenter DO, Arcaro K, Spink DC. Understanding the human health effects of chemical mixtures. Environ Health Perspect 2002; 110 (Suppl 1): 25-42.
  • Rier S, Foster WG. Environmental dioxins and endometriosis. Toxicol Sci 2002; 70: 161-170.
  • Eskenazi B, Mocarelli P, Warner M et al. Serum dioxin concentrations and endometriosis: A cohort study in Seveso, Italy. Environ Health Perspect 2002; 110: 629-634.
  • Roman BL, Peterson RE. In Utero and lactational exposure of the male rat to 2, 3, 67, 8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin impairs prostate development. 1. Effects on gene expression. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 1998; 150: 240-253.
  • Malby TA, Bjerke DL, Moore RW, Gendron-Fitzpatrick A, Peterson RE. In Utero and lactational exposure of male rats to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin. 3. Effects on spermatogenesis and reproductive capability. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 1992; 114: 118-126.
  • Mocarelli P, Gerthoux PM, Ferrari E et al. Paternal concentrations of dioxin and sex ratio of offspring. The Lancet 2000; 355: 1838-1839.
  • Ryan JJ, Amirova Z, Carrier G. Sex ratios of children of Russian pesticide producers exposed to dioxin. Environ Health Perspect 2002; 110: A699-A701.
  • Calvert GM, Wille KK. Evaluation of serum lipid concentrations among U.S. workers exposed to 2, 3, 7, 8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p- dioxin. Arch Environ Health 1996; 51: 100-108.
  • Michalek JE, Akhtar FZ, Kiel J. Serum dioxin, insulin, fasting glucose, and sex hormone-binding globulin in veterans of Operation Ranch Hand. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1999; 84: 1540- 1543.
  • Cranmer M, Louie S, Kennedy RH, Kern PA, Fonseca VA. Exposure to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin is associated with hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance. Toxicol Sci 2000; 56: 431-436.
  • VartianinenT, Jaakkola JJK, Saarikoski S, Tuomisto J. Birth weight and sex of children and the correlation to the body burden of PCDDs/PCDFs and PCBs of the mother. Environ Health Perspect 1998; 106: 61-66.
  • Rylander L, Stromberg U, Dyremark E, Ostman C, Nilsson-Ehle P, Hagmar L. Polychlorinated biphenyls in blood plasma among Swedish female fish consumers in relation to low birth weight. Am J Epidemiol 1998; 147: 493-502.
  • Baibergenova A, Kudyakov R, Zdeb M, Carpenter DO. Low birth weight and residential proximity to PCB-contaminated waste sites. Environ Health Perspect 2003; 111: 1352-1357.
  • Kudyakov R, Baibergenova A, Zdeb M, Carpenter DO. Respiratory disease in relation to patient residence near to hazardous waste sites. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2004; 18: 249- 257.
  • Kabul Tarihi:09.03.2005

Çevresel Kirleticiler ve İnsan Sağlığı: Kalıcı Toksik Maddelerin Sağlığa Zararları

Year 2005, Volume: 10 Issue: 1, 1 - 4, 01.02.2005

Abstract

Doğada yaygın biçimde bulunan çok sayıdaki kimyasal kirleticilerden bazılarını vücudumuzda da taşırız. Bu kimyasal maddelerin sağlığımızı ne şekilde etkiledikleri çok önemli bir sorudur. Birçok kimyasal madde insan sağlığına zarar verebiliyorken, bizler kalıcı özellik arz eden iki grup kirletici hakkında daha fazla bilgiye sahibiz: kurşun ve cıva gibi metaller ve poli klorlu bifeniller (PCBs) ve poli bromlu difenil eterler (PBDEs) gibi organohalojenlerdir. Bu maddeler doğada ve insan vücudunda çok uzun süre kalabilir ve birçok hastalığın riskini arttırabilirler. Çevrenin bu tehlikeli kimyasal maddelerden arındırılması ve insan maruziyetinin azaltılması için çözümler bulmak zorundayız.

References

  • Crump KS, Canady R, Kogevinas M. Meta-analysis of dioxin cancer dose response for three occupational cohorts. Environ Health Perspect 2002; 111: 681-687.
  • Kang H, Enziger F, Breslini P, Feil M, Lee Y, Shepard B. Soft tissue sarcoma and military service in Vietnam: A case-control study. J Natl Cancer Inst 1987; 79: 693-699.
  • Birnbaum LS, Tuomisto J. Non-carcinogenic effects of TCDD in animals. Food Addit Contam 2000; 17: 275-288.
  • Ten Tusscher GW, Steerenberg PA, van Loveren H et al. Persistent hematologic and immunologic disturbances in 8-year- old Dutch children associated with perinatal dioxin exposure. Environ Health Perspect 2003; 111: 1519-1523.
  • Baccarelli A, Mocarelli P, Patterson DG et al. Immunologic effects of dioxin: New results from Seveso and comparison with other studies. Environ Health Perspect 2003; 110:1169-1173.
  • Hojo R, Stern S, Zareba G et al. Sexually dimorphic behavioral responses to prenatal dioxin exposure. Environ Health Perspect 2002; 110: 247-254.
  • Vreugdenhil HJI, Slijper FME, Mulder PGH, Weisglas-Kuperus N. Effects of perinatal exposure to PCBs and dioxins on play behavior in Dutch children at school age. Environ Health Perspect 2002; 110: A593-A598.
  • Schantz SL, Bowman RE. Learning in monkeys exposed perinatally to 2, 3, 7, 8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD). Neurotoxicol Teratol 1989; 11: 13-19.
  • Barrett DH, Morris RD, Akhtar FZ, Michalek JE. Serum dioxin and cognitive functioning among veterans of operation Ranch Hand. NeuroToxicology 2001; 22: 491-502.
  • Carpenter DO. Polychlorinated biphenyls and human health. Int J Occup Med Environ Health 1998; 11: 291-303.
  • Carpenter DO, Arcaro K, Spink DC. Understanding the human health effects of chemical mixtures. Environ Health Perspect 2002; 110 (Suppl 1): 25-42.
  • Rier S, Foster WG. Environmental dioxins and endometriosis. Toxicol Sci 2002; 70: 161-170.
  • Eskenazi B, Mocarelli P, Warner M et al. Serum dioxin concentrations and endometriosis: A cohort study in Seveso, Italy. Environ Health Perspect 2002; 110: 629-634.
  • Roman BL, Peterson RE. In Utero and lactational exposure of the male rat to 2, 3, 67, 8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin impairs prostate development. 1. Effects on gene expression. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 1998; 150: 240-253.
  • Malby TA, Bjerke DL, Moore RW, Gendron-Fitzpatrick A, Peterson RE. In Utero and lactational exposure of male rats to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin. 3. Effects on spermatogenesis and reproductive capability. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 1992; 114: 118-126.
  • Mocarelli P, Gerthoux PM, Ferrari E et al. Paternal concentrations of dioxin and sex ratio of offspring. The Lancet 2000; 355: 1838-1839.
  • Ryan JJ, Amirova Z, Carrier G. Sex ratios of children of Russian pesticide producers exposed to dioxin. Environ Health Perspect 2002; 110: A699-A701.
  • Calvert GM, Wille KK. Evaluation of serum lipid concentrations among U.S. workers exposed to 2, 3, 7, 8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p- dioxin. Arch Environ Health 1996; 51: 100-108.
  • Michalek JE, Akhtar FZ, Kiel J. Serum dioxin, insulin, fasting glucose, and sex hormone-binding globulin in veterans of Operation Ranch Hand. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1999; 84: 1540- 1543.
  • Cranmer M, Louie S, Kennedy RH, Kern PA, Fonseca VA. Exposure to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin is associated with hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance. Toxicol Sci 2000; 56: 431-436.
  • VartianinenT, Jaakkola JJK, Saarikoski S, Tuomisto J. Birth weight and sex of children and the correlation to the body burden of PCDDs/PCDFs and PCBs of the mother. Environ Health Perspect 1998; 106: 61-66.
  • Rylander L, Stromberg U, Dyremark E, Ostman C, Nilsson-Ehle P, Hagmar L. Polychlorinated biphenyls in blood plasma among Swedish female fish consumers in relation to low birth weight. Am J Epidemiol 1998; 147: 493-502.
  • Baibergenova A, Kudyakov R, Zdeb M, Carpenter DO. Low birth weight and residential proximity to PCB-contaminated waste sites. Environ Health Perspect 2003; 111: 1352-1357.
  • Kudyakov R, Baibergenova A, Zdeb M, Carpenter DO. Respiratory disease in relation to patient residence near to hazardous waste sites. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2004; 18: 249- 257.
  • Kabul Tarihi:09.03.2005
There are 25 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Articles
Authors

David O. Carpenter This is me

Publication Date February 1, 2005
Published in Issue Year 2005 Volume: 10 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Carpenter, D. O. (2005). Çevresel Kirleticiler ve İnsan Sağlığı: Kalıcı Toksik Maddelerin Sağlığa Zararları. Fırat Tıp Dergisi, 10(1), 1-4.
AMA Carpenter DO. Çevresel Kirleticiler ve İnsan Sağlığı: Kalıcı Toksik Maddelerin Sağlığa Zararları. Fırat Tıp Dergisi. February 2005;10(1):1-4.
Chicago Carpenter, David O. “Çevresel Kirleticiler Ve İnsan Sağlığı: Kalıcı Toksik Maddelerin Sağlığa Zararları”. Fırat Tıp Dergisi 10, no. 1 (February 2005): 1-4.
EndNote Carpenter DO (February 1, 2005) Çevresel Kirleticiler ve İnsan Sağlığı: Kalıcı Toksik Maddelerin Sağlığa Zararları. Fırat Tıp Dergisi 10 1 1–4.
IEEE D. O. Carpenter, “Çevresel Kirleticiler ve İnsan Sağlığı: Kalıcı Toksik Maddelerin Sağlığa Zararları”, Fırat Tıp Dergisi, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 1–4, 2005.
ISNAD Carpenter, David O. “Çevresel Kirleticiler Ve İnsan Sağlığı: Kalıcı Toksik Maddelerin Sağlığa Zararları”. Fırat Tıp Dergisi 10/1 (February 2005), 1-4.
JAMA Carpenter DO. Çevresel Kirleticiler ve İnsan Sağlığı: Kalıcı Toksik Maddelerin Sağlığa Zararları. Fırat Tıp Dergisi. 2005;10:1–4.
MLA Carpenter, David O. “Çevresel Kirleticiler Ve İnsan Sağlığı: Kalıcı Toksik Maddelerin Sağlığa Zararları”. Fırat Tıp Dergisi, vol. 10, no. 1, 2005, pp. 1-4.
Vancouver Carpenter DO. Çevresel Kirleticiler ve İnsan Sağlığı: Kalıcı Toksik Maddelerin Sağlığa Zararları. Fırat Tıp Dergisi. 2005;10(1):1-4.