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John Wild’s Natural Law Theory: From Realistic Philosophy to Human Rights

Year 2011, Issue: 12, 19 - 38, 01.09.2011

Abstract

Although a number of writers purport that natural law is the philosophical foundation of the concept of human rights, this relation is not so obvious. Different approaches to this problem created new theories within the natural law tradition, although their only common point is the term ‘natural law’. According to John Wild, philosophical foundation of human rights is the notion of natural law-whose roots goes back to Plato and Aristotle. In addition to this, Wild claims that genuine natural law theories are the outcome of philosophical realism. His natural law theory rests on a number of ontological and epistemological theses and principles. Thus, Wild aims to justify not only the objectivity of values but also the universality of human rights. He thinks that natural law is an ethical category and names it as realistic ethics (or moral realism). As a result of his approach, natural law will serve to save ethics from the dilemmas of his age and to give answers to chief ethical problems

References

  • KAUFMANN W. E. (1996) John Wild: From Realism to Phenomenology, New York: Peter Lang Publishing.
  • KELSEN, Hans (1956) “A ‘Dynamic’ Theory of Natural Law”, Louisiana Law Review, pp. 174-195.
  • WILD, John (1947) “What is Realism?”, The Journal of Philosophy, Vol. 44, No. 6, pp. 148-158.
  • WILD, John (1948) Introduction to Realistic Philosophy, New York: Harper & Brothers Publishers.
  • WILD, John (1952a) “Natural Law and Modern Ethical Theory”, Ethics, Vol. 63, No.1, pp.1-13.
  • WILD, John (1952b) “Tendency: The Ontological Ground of Ethics”, The Journal of Philosophy, Vol. 49, No. 14, pp. 461-475.
  • WILD, John (1953a) “Phenomenology and Metaphysics”, The Return to Reason: Essays in Realistic Philosohy, Ed. John Wild, Chicago: Henry Regnery Company, pp. 36-68.
  • WILD, John (1953b) Plato’s Modern Enemies and The Theory of Natural Law, Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
  • WILD, John (1961) “A Reply to Mr. Gale”, Philosophy and Phenomenological Research, Vol.21, No. 3, pp. 337-383.
  • WILD, John (2006) “General Introduction: John Wild’s Philosophical Itinerary”, The Promise of Phenomenology: Posthumous Papers of John Wild, Ed. R. I. Sugarman & R.B.Duncan, Lanham: Lexington Books.

JOHN WILD’IN DOĞAL HUKUK KURAMI: FELSEFİ REALİZMDEN İNSAN HAKLARINA

Year 2011, Issue: 12, 19 - 38, 01.09.2011

Abstract

Doğal hukukun modern insan hakları kavramının felsefi temeli olduğu pek çok yazar tarafından dile getirilse de, doğal hukukun temelinin ne olduğu hiç de apaçık değildir. Bu soruna farklı yaklaşımlar, doğal hukuk geleneği içinde neredeyse tek ortak noktaları ‘doğal hukuk’ terimi olan çeşitli kuramlarla sonuçlanmıştır. John Wild’a göre de, insan hakları fikrinin felsefi temeli −kökenleri Platon ve Aristoteles’e kadar uzanan− doğal hukuk fikridir. Öte yandan Wild, sahici doğal hukuk kuramlarının felsefi realizmin ürünü olduğunu savunur. Onun doğal hukuk kuramı da birtakım realist −ontolojik ve epistemolojik− tezler ve ilkeler üzerine kurulmuştur. Wild, bu şekilde sadece değerlerin nesnelliğini değil, insan haklarının evrenselliğini de temellendirmeyi amaçlar. Böylece, etik bir kategori olarak gördüğü ve realist etik (ya da ahlaki realizm) olarak da adlandırdığı doğal hukuk ona göre, etiğin kendi çağında içine düştüğünü düşündüğü açmazdan çıkmasına hizmet edebilecek ve başlıca etik sorunlara yanıt olabilecektir

References

  • KAUFMANN W. E. (1996) John Wild: From Realism to Phenomenology, New York: Peter Lang Publishing.
  • KELSEN, Hans (1956) “A ‘Dynamic’ Theory of Natural Law”, Louisiana Law Review, pp. 174-195.
  • WILD, John (1947) “What is Realism?”, The Journal of Philosophy, Vol. 44, No. 6, pp. 148-158.
  • WILD, John (1948) Introduction to Realistic Philosophy, New York: Harper & Brothers Publishers.
  • WILD, John (1952a) “Natural Law and Modern Ethical Theory”, Ethics, Vol. 63, No.1, pp.1-13.
  • WILD, John (1952b) “Tendency: The Ontological Ground of Ethics”, The Journal of Philosophy, Vol. 49, No. 14, pp. 461-475.
  • WILD, John (1953a) “Phenomenology and Metaphysics”, The Return to Reason: Essays in Realistic Philosohy, Ed. John Wild, Chicago: Henry Regnery Company, pp. 36-68.
  • WILD, John (1953b) Plato’s Modern Enemies and The Theory of Natural Law, Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
  • WILD, John (1961) “A Reply to Mr. Gale”, Philosophy and Phenomenological Research, Vol.21, No. 3, pp. 337-383.
  • WILD, John (2006) “General Introduction: John Wild’s Philosophical Itinerary”, The Promise of Phenomenology: Posthumous Papers of John Wild, Ed. R. I. Sugarman & R.B.Duncan, Lanham: Lexington Books.
There are 10 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Görkem Birinci This is me

Publication Date September 1, 2011
Published in Issue Year 2011 Issue: 12

Cite

Chicago Birinci, Görkem. “JOHN WILD’IN DOĞAL HUKUK KURAMI: FELSEFİ REALİZMDEN İNSAN HAKLARINA”. FLSF Felsefe Ve Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, no. 12 (September 2011): 19-38.

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