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A CRITICAL ASSESSMENT OF JOHN RAWLS’S THEORY OF JUSTICE AS FAIRNESS

Year 2020, Issue: 30, 223 - 240, 10.12.2020

Abstract

This study is a critical analysis of John Rawls’s theory of justice in its historical and philosophical context. To that end, his works are examined from A Theory of Justice (1971) to Justice as Fairness: A Restatement (2001). Not only Rawls’s theory of justice but also his approach to metaphysics and metaethics are also tackled to understand justice as fairness deeply. While setting out Rawls’s main arguments and theses, a critical approach is adopted with his foremost critics. This study thus searches for answers to the questions such as whether Rawls’s theory is workable, what does he precisely defends, what does he aim at with justice as fairness, and whether it is consistent or not. Unfortunately, it is seen that Rawls fails to propose a coherent egalitarian as well as liberal theory of justice. Hence, he could not reconcile the ideas of freedom and equality.

References

  • Habermas, Jürgen, "Reconciliation Through the Public Use of Reason: Remarks on John Rawls's Political Liberalism," The Journal of Philosophy 92/3, March 1995, ss. 109-131.
  • Nozick, Robert, Anarchy, State, and Utopia, Basic Books, New York, 1974.
  • Rawls, John, A Theory of Justice, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA 1971.
  • Rawls, John, "Distributive Justice," Collected Papers, ed. Samuel Freeman, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA 1999, ss. 130-153.
  • Rawls, John, Justice as Fairness: A Restatement, ed. Erin Kelly, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA 2001.
  • Rawls, John, Political Liberalism, Columbia University Press, New York 1993.
  • Rawls, John, Siyasal Liberalizm, çev. Mehmet Fevzi Bilgin, İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi Yayınları, İstanbul 2007.
  • Rawls, John, "The Basic Liberties and Their Priority," Tanner Lectures on Human Values, vol. III, ed. S. McMurrin, University of Utah Press, Salt Lake City 1982, ss. 3-87.
  • Rawls, John, The Law of Peoples, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA 1999.
  • Raz, Joseph, "Facing Diversity: The Case of Epistemic Abstinence," Philosophy & Public Affairs 19/1, Winter 1990, ss. 3-46.

JOHN RAWLS'UN İNSAF OLARAK ADALET TEORİSİ'NİN ELEŞTİREL BİR DEĞERLENDİRMESİ

Year 2020, Issue: 30, 223 - 240, 10.12.2020

Abstract

Bu çalışma, John Rawls’un adalet teorisinin tarihi ve felsefi bağlamda eleştirel bir analizidir. Bu amaçla Bir Adalet Teorisi'nden (1971) İnsaf olarak Adalet: Yeni bir İfade (2001)’ye kadar olan eserleri incelenmiştir. Sadece Rawls’un adalet teorisi değil, aynı zamanda metafizik ve metaetiğe olan yaklaşımı da insaf olarak adaleti derinlemesine anlamak için ele alınmıştır. Rawls’un ana argümanları ve tezlerini ortaya koyarken, en önde gelen eleştirmenleriyle birlikte eleştirel bir yaklaşım benimsenmiştir. Bunun için bu çalışma, Rawls’un teorisinin çalışılabilir olup olmadığı, tam olarak neyi savunduğu, insaf olarak adalet ile neyi hedeflediği ve tutarlı olup olmadığı gibi soruların cevabını aramaktadır. Maalesef, Rawls’un tutarlı bir eşitlikçi ve aynı zamanda liberal bir adalet teorisi öneremediği görülmektedir. Dolayısıyla, o özgürlük ve eşitlik fikirlerini uzlaştıramamıştır.

References

  • Habermas, Jürgen, "Reconciliation Through the Public Use of Reason: Remarks on John Rawls's Political Liberalism," The Journal of Philosophy 92/3, March 1995, ss. 109-131.
  • Nozick, Robert, Anarchy, State, and Utopia, Basic Books, New York, 1974.
  • Rawls, John, A Theory of Justice, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA 1971.
  • Rawls, John, "Distributive Justice," Collected Papers, ed. Samuel Freeman, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA 1999, ss. 130-153.
  • Rawls, John, Justice as Fairness: A Restatement, ed. Erin Kelly, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA 2001.
  • Rawls, John, Political Liberalism, Columbia University Press, New York 1993.
  • Rawls, John, Siyasal Liberalizm, çev. Mehmet Fevzi Bilgin, İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi Yayınları, İstanbul 2007.
  • Rawls, John, "The Basic Liberties and Their Priority," Tanner Lectures on Human Values, vol. III, ed. S. McMurrin, University of Utah Press, Salt Lake City 1982, ss. 3-87.
  • Rawls, John, The Law of Peoples, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA 1999.
  • Raz, Joseph, "Facing Diversity: The Case of Epistemic Abstinence," Philosophy & Public Affairs 19/1, Winter 1990, ss. 3-46.
There are 10 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Philosophy
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Enes Eryılmaz

Publication Date December 10, 2020
Submission Date July 21, 2020
Acceptance Date November 1, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020 Issue: 30

Cite

Chicago Eryılmaz, Enes. “JOHN RAWLS’UN İNSAF OLARAK ADALET TEORİSİ’NİN ELEŞTİREL BİR DEĞERLENDİRMESİ”. FLSF Felsefe Ve Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, no. 30 (December 2020): 223-40.

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