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E7 Ülkeleri Pay Piyasaları Üzerine Etkin Piyasa Hipotezi ile Adaptif Piyasa Hipotezinin Araştırılması

Year 2024, Volume: 8 Issue: 3, 1392 - 1423

Abstract

E7 ülkeleri pay piyasalarında Etkin Piyasa Hipotezi ile (EPH) Adaptif Piyasa Hipotezi’nin (APH) geçerliliğinin araştırılmasının amaçlandığı mevcut çalışmada, 12.10.1997- 04.02.2024 yıllarındaki haftalık veriler kullanılmıştır. EPH ile APH’nin geçerli olup olmadığını belirlemek için veri seti P1, P2, P3, P4 olmak üzere dört farklı alt dönemlere ayrılmıştır. Analiz döneminde E7 ülkelerinin pay piyasalarında fiyatların tahmin edilebilirliğinin değişkenliğini sınamak için standart ve yapısal kırılmalı birim kök testleri olan ADF, PP ve Zivot Andrews testi, varyans oranı testi, BDS testi, AR-MA modeli, otokorelasyon ve ARCH-LM değişen varyans testi kullanılmıştır. Jarque-Bera (J-B) normallik testinden ulaşılan bulgular, Çin, Brezilya, Meksika, Endonezya, Rusya, Türkiye pay piyasalarında dönemlerin tamamında etkinliğin olmadığı yani Etkin Piyasa Hipotezi (EPH) ile APH’nin geçerli olmadığı ancak Hindistan pay piyasasında APH’nin geçerli olduğu belirlenmiştir. Hem ADF, PP hem de Zivot Andrews birim kök testlerine göre tüm dönemlerde E7 ülkeleri pay piyasaları getiri serilerinin durağan oldukları ve EPH ile APH’nin geçerli olmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Uygulanan Varyans oranı testi sonuçları da birim kök testi sonuçlarıyla benzerlik göstermektedir ve bu teste göre de ülkelerin pay piyasalarında EPH ve APH geçerli değildir. BDS testiyle de Çin, Hindistan, Meksika, Endonezya, Rusya, Türkiye pay piyasalarında EPH ve APH’nin geçerli olmadığı, Brezilya’da ise APH’nin geçerli olduğu ortaya çıkarılmıştır. ARMA modeli sonuçlarına göre dönemlerin tümü için EPH ile APH’nin geçerliliğinin olmadığı ve son olarak uygulanan otokorelasyon ve ARCH-LM değişen varyans testleriyle de etkinliğin dönemler içerisinde değiştiği ve dolayısıyla E7 ülkelerinin pay piyasalarında APH’nin geçerli olduğu belirlenmiştir. Analiz sonuçları değerlendirildiğinde E7 ülkeleri pay piyasalarının davranışlarını açıklamada EPH’ye oranla APH’nin daha başarılı sonuç gösterdiğini söylemek mümkündür.

References

  • Boya, C. M. (2019). From Efficient Markets to Adaptive Markets: Evidence from the French Stock Exchange. Research in International Business and Finance, (49), 156-165.
  • Brock, W. A., Dechert, W. D., Scheinkman, J. A. & LeBaron, B. (1996). A Test for Independence Based on the Correlation Dimension. Econometric Reviews, 15(3), 197–235.
  • Buğdan, M. F., Çevik, E. İ., Kırcı Çevik, N. & Yıldırım, D. Ç. (2021). Testing Adaptive Market Hypothesis in Global Islamıc Stock Markets: Evidence from Markov-Switching ADF Test. Bilimname, (44), 425-449.
  • Charles, A., Darné, O. & Kim, J. H. (2017). Adaptive Markets Hypothesis for Islamic Stock Indices: Evidence from Dow Jones Size and Sector-Indices. International Economics, (151), 100-112.
  • Çelebi, O. & Kılıç, Y. (2022). Borsa İstanbul Sektör Endekslerinde Adaptif Piyasa Hipotezi Geçerliliğinin Test Edilmesi. (DAVRANIŞSAL FİNANS: Yatırımcı Tercihleri, Piyasa Anomalileri Kısayollar ve Yanlılıklar), 105-147.
  • Dickey, D. A. & Fuller, W. A. (1979). Distribution of the Estimators for Autoregressive Time Series with a Unit Root. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 74(366a), 427- 431.
  • Engle, R. F. (1982). Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity with Estimates of the Variance of United Kingdom Inflation. Econometrica: Journal of the Econometric Society, 50(4), 987-1007.
  • Ertaş, F. C. & Özkan, O. (2018). Piyasa Etkinliği Açısından Adaptif Piyasa Hipotezinin Test Edilmesi: Türkiye ve ABD Hisse Senedi Piyasaları Örneği. Finans Politik ve Ekonomik Yorumlar, (642), 223-240.
  • Eyüboğlu, K. & Eyüboğlu, S. (2020). Borsa İstanbul Endekslerinde Adaptif Piyasa Hipotezinin Geçerliliğinin Test Edilmesi. Journal of Yasar University, 15(59), 642-654.
  • Fama, E. F. (1970). Efficient Capital Markets: A Review of Theory and Empirical Work. The Journal of Finance, 25(2), 383-417.
  • Gemici, E. (2021). Adaptif Piyasa Hipotezinin Asya-Pasifik Ülkelerinde Test Edilmesi. Finansal Araştırmalar ve Çalışmalar Dergisi, 13(24), 129-142.
  • Ghazani, M. M. & Araghi, M. K. (2014). Evaluation of the Adaptive Market Hypothesis As an Evolutionary Perspective on Market Efficiency: Evidence from the Tehran stock Exchange. Research in International Business and Finance, (32), 50-59.
  • Gyamfi, E. N. (2018). Adaptive Market Hypothesis: Evidence from the Ghanaian Stock Market. Journal of African Business, 19(2), 195-209.
  • Hiremath, G. S. & Kumari, J. (2014). Stock Returns Predictability and the Adaptive Market Hypothesis in Emerging Markets: Evidence from India. SpringerPlus, 3(1), 428.
  • Hiremath, G. S. & Narayan, S. (2016). Testing the Adaptive Market Hypothesis and Its Determinants for the Indian Stock Markets. Finance Research Letters, (19), 173-180.
  • Ito, M., Noda, A. & Wada, T. (2016). The Evolution of Stock Market Efficiency in the US: A Non-Bayesian Time-Varying Model Approach. Applied Economics, 48(7), 621-635.
  • Jarque, C. & Bera, A. (1980). Efficient Tests for Normality, Homoscedasticity and Serial Independence of Regression Residuals. Economics Letters, (6), 255–259.
  • Kahneman, D. & Tversky, A. (1973). On the Psychology of Prediction. Psychological Review, 80(4), 237-251.
  • Kahneman, D. & Tversky, A. (1979). Prospect Theory: An Analysis of Decision under Risk. Econometrica, (47), 263-291.
  • Karan, M. B. (2004). Yatırım Analizi ve Portföy Yönetimi. Gazi Kitabevi, Ankara.
  • Kılıç, Y. (2020). Adaptive Market Hypothesis. Evidence from the Turkey Stock Market. Journal of Applied Economic and Business Research, 10(1), 28-39.
  • Kim, J. H., Shamsuddin, A. & Lim, K. P. (2011). Stock Return Predictability and the Adaptive Markets Hypothesis: Evidence from Centry-Long U.S. Data. Journal of Empirical Finance, (18), 868-879.
  • Korkmaz, T. & Ceylan, A. (2017). Sermaye Piyasası ve Menkul Değer Analizi. 8. Baskı, Ekin Yayınevi, Bursa.
  • Köse İçigen, F. & Kayalı, M. M. (2022). Adaptif Piyasa Hipotezi Kapsamında Getiri Öngörülebilirliği ile Piyasa Koşulları Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi: BİST 100 Endeksi Örneği. Journal of Financial Politic & Economic Reviews/Finans Politik & Ekonomik Yorumlar, 59(659), 135-160.
  • Lim, K. P. & Brooks, R. D. (2006). The Evolving and Relative Efficiencies of Stock Markets: Empirical Evidence from Rolling Bicorrelation Tests Statistics. SSRDNWorking Paper, WP No: 931071.
  • Lim, K. P., Luo, W. & Kim, J. H. (2013). Are US Tock Index Returns Predictable? Evidence from Automatic Autocorrelation-Based Tests. Applied Economics, (45), 953-962.
  • Ljung, G. M. & Box, G. E. P. (1978). On a Measure of Lack of Fit in Time Series Models. Biometrika, 65(2), 297–303.
  • Lo, A. W. & MacKinlay, A. C. (1988). Stock Market Prices Do Not Follow Random Walks: Evidence From a Simple Specification Test. The Review of Financial Studies, 1(1), 41-66.
  • Lo, A. W. (2004). The Adaptive Market Hypothesis. The Journal of Portfolio Management, 30(5), 15-29.
  • Lo, A. W. (2005). Reconciling Efficient Market with Behavioral Finance: The Adaptive Markets Hypothesis. Journal of Investment Consulting, 7(2), 21-44.
  • Lo, A. W. (2007). Efficient Market Hypothesis. L. Blume & S. Durlauf (Der.), (The New Palgrave: A Dictionary of Economics, 1-28), (2nd Edition), New York: Palgrave McMillan.
  • Lo, A. W. (2012). Adaptive Markets and the New World Order. Financial Analysts Journal, 68(2), 18-29.
  • Mandacı, P. E., Taşkın, F. D. & Ergün, Z. C. (2019). Adaptive Matket Hypothesis. International Journal of Economics and Business Administration, 7(4), 84-101.
  • Noda, A. (2016). A Test of the Adaptive Market Hypothesis Using a Time-Varying AR Model in Japan. Finance Research Letters, (17), 66-71.
  • Nur Topaloğlu, T. (2019). Yatırımcı İlgisi ile Pay Senedi Getirisi, İşlem Hacmi ve Volatilitesi Arasındaki İlişki: Borsa İstanbul’da İşlem Gören Bankalar Üzerine Bir Uygulama. Mersin Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Mersin.
  • Okorie, D. I. & Lin, B. (2021). Adaptive Market Hypothesis: The Story of the Stock Markets and Covid-19 Pandemic. North American Journal of Economics and Finance, (57), 101397.
  • Özkan, O. (2021). Döviz Piyasalarının Davranışlarını Açıklamada Etkin Piyasalar Hipotezi ile Adaptif Piyasalar Hipotezinin Karşılaştırılması: BRICS-T Ülkeleri Üzerine Ampirik Bir Çalışma. Muhasebe ve Finansman Dergisi, (89), 221-236.
  • Phan Tran Trung, D. & Pham Quang, H. (2019). The Adaptive Market Hypothesis: Evidence from the Vietnamese Stock Market. Journal of Risk and Financial Management, 12 (2), 81.
  • Phillips, P. C. & Perron, P. (1988). Testing for a Unit Root in Time Series Regression. Biometrika, 75(2), 335-346.
  • Popović, S., Mugoša, A. & Đurović, A. (2013). Adaptive Markets Hypothesis: Empirical Evidence from Montenegro Equity Market. Ekonomska Istražıvanja-Economic Reserach, 26(3), 31-46.
  • Rojas, O., Coronado, S. & Venegas-Martínez, F. (2017). Adaptive Market Hypothesis: Evidence from the Mexican Stock Exchange Index. Journal of Applied Economic Sciences, 3(49), 688-697.
  • Samuelson, P. A. (1965). Proof that Properly Anticipated Prices Fluctuate Randomly. Industrial Management Review, (6), 25-38.
  • Shahid, M. N. & Sattar, A. (2017). Behavior of Calendar Anomalies, Market Conditions and Adaptive Market Hypothesis: Evidence from Pakistan Stock Exchange. Pakistan Journal of Commerce and Social Sciences, 11(2), 471-504.
  • Smith, G. (2012). The Changing and Relative Efficiency of European Emerging Stock Markets. The European Journal of Finance, 18(8), 686-708.
  • Todea, A., Ulici, M. & Silaghi, S. (2009). Adaptive Markets Hypothesis: Evidence from Asia-Pacific Financial Markets. The Review of Finance and Banking, 1(1), 7-12.
  • Topaloğlu, E. E. & Yaman, S. (2021). Adaptif Piyasa Hipotezinin Test Edilmesi: Borsa İstanbul Üzerine Yapısal Kırılmalı Birim Kök Testleri ve ARMA Modelinde Zaman- Frekans Analizleri. Istanbul International Modern Scientific Research Congress- II, 1123- 1149.
  • Topaloğlu, E. E. (2019). Pay Piyasalarında Yatırımcı Duyarlılığı: OECD Ülkeleri Üzerine Ekonometrik bir Araştırma. Gazi Kitabevi, Ankara.
  • Urquhart, A. & Hudson, R. (2013). Efficient or Adaptive Markets? Evidence from Major Stock Markets Using Very Long Run Historic Data. International Review of Financial Analysis, (28), 130-142.
  • Urquhart, A. & McGroarty, F. (2014). Calendar Effects, Market Conditions and the Adaptive Market Hypothesis: Evidence from Long-Run U.S. Data. International Review of Financial Analysis, (35), 154-166.
  • Urquhart, A. & McGroarty, F. (2016). Are Stock Markets Really Efficient? Evidence of the Adaptive Market Hypothesis. International Review of Financial Analysis, (47), 39-49.
  • Verheyden, T., Moor, L. D. & Boosche, F. V. D. (2015). Towards a New Framework on Efficient Markets. Research in International Business and Finance, (34), 294-308.
  • https://www.investing.com/indices/world-indices (Erişim Tarihi: 25/02/2024)
  • Xiong, X., Yongqiang, M., Xiao, L. & Dehua, S. (2019). An Empirical Analysis of the Adaptive Market Hypothesis with Calendar Effects: Evidence from China. Finance Research Letters, (31), 321-333.
  • Zivot, E. & Andrews, D. W. K. (1992). Further Evidence on the Great Crash, the Oil-Price Shock, and the Unit-Root Hypothesis. Journal of Business and Economic Statistics, 10(3), 251−270.

Investigation of Efficient Market Hypothesis and Adaptive Market Hypothesis on Stock Markets of E7 Countries

Year 2024, Volume: 8 Issue: 3, 1392 - 1423

Abstract

In the present study, which aims to investigate the validity of the Efficient Market Hypothesis (EMH) and the Adaptive Market Hypothesis (AMH) in the equity markets of E7 countries, weekly data between 12.10.1997 and 04.02.2024 are used. In order to determine whether EMH and AMH are valid, the data set is divided into four different sub-periods as P1, P2, P3, P4. In order to test the variability of the predictability of prices in the equity markets of E7 countries during the analysis period, standard and structural break unit root tests such as ADF, PP and Zivot Andrews test, variance ratio test, BDS test, AR-MA model, autocorrelation and ARCH-LM changing variance test were used. The findings obtained from the Jarque-Bera (J-B) normality test indicate that there is no efficiency in China, Brazil, Mexico, Indonesia, Russia and Turkey equity markets in all periods, that is, the Efficient Market Hypothesis (EMH) and APH are not valid, but APH is valid in the Indian equity market. According to both ADF, PP and Zivot Andrews unit root tests, the return series of the equity markets of the E7 countries are stationary in all periods and the EMH and AMH are not valid. The results of the variance ratio test are similar to the results of the unit root test and according to this test, EMH and AMH are not valid in the equity markets of the countries. The BDS test reveals that EMH and AMH are not valid in the equity markets of China, India, Mexico, Indonesia, Russia and Turkey, while AMH is valid in Brazil. According to the results of the ARMA model, EMH and AMH are not valid for all periods, and finally, the autocorrelation and ARCH-LM changing variance tests show that the efficiency changes over the periods and therefore AMH is valid in the equity markets of E7 countries. When the results of the analysis are evaluated, it is possible to say that AMH is more successful than EMH in explaining the behaviour of the equity markets of E7 countries.

References

  • Boya, C. M. (2019). From Efficient Markets to Adaptive Markets: Evidence from the French Stock Exchange. Research in International Business and Finance, (49), 156-165.
  • Brock, W. A., Dechert, W. D., Scheinkman, J. A. & LeBaron, B. (1996). A Test for Independence Based on the Correlation Dimension. Econometric Reviews, 15(3), 197–235.
  • Buğdan, M. F., Çevik, E. İ., Kırcı Çevik, N. & Yıldırım, D. Ç. (2021). Testing Adaptive Market Hypothesis in Global Islamıc Stock Markets: Evidence from Markov-Switching ADF Test. Bilimname, (44), 425-449.
  • Charles, A., Darné, O. & Kim, J. H. (2017). Adaptive Markets Hypothesis for Islamic Stock Indices: Evidence from Dow Jones Size and Sector-Indices. International Economics, (151), 100-112.
  • Çelebi, O. & Kılıç, Y. (2022). Borsa İstanbul Sektör Endekslerinde Adaptif Piyasa Hipotezi Geçerliliğinin Test Edilmesi. (DAVRANIŞSAL FİNANS: Yatırımcı Tercihleri, Piyasa Anomalileri Kısayollar ve Yanlılıklar), 105-147.
  • Dickey, D. A. & Fuller, W. A. (1979). Distribution of the Estimators for Autoregressive Time Series with a Unit Root. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 74(366a), 427- 431.
  • Engle, R. F. (1982). Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity with Estimates of the Variance of United Kingdom Inflation. Econometrica: Journal of the Econometric Society, 50(4), 987-1007.
  • Ertaş, F. C. & Özkan, O. (2018). Piyasa Etkinliği Açısından Adaptif Piyasa Hipotezinin Test Edilmesi: Türkiye ve ABD Hisse Senedi Piyasaları Örneği. Finans Politik ve Ekonomik Yorumlar, (642), 223-240.
  • Eyüboğlu, K. & Eyüboğlu, S. (2020). Borsa İstanbul Endekslerinde Adaptif Piyasa Hipotezinin Geçerliliğinin Test Edilmesi. Journal of Yasar University, 15(59), 642-654.
  • Fama, E. F. (1970). Efficient Capital Markets: A Review of Theory and Empirical Work. The Journal of Finance, 25(2), 383-417.
  • Gemici, E. (2021). Adaptif Piyasa Hipotezinin Asya-Pasifik Ülkelerinde Test Edilmesi. Finansal Araştırmalar ve Çalışmalar Dergisi, 13(24), 129-142.
  • Ghazani, M. M. & Araghi, M. K. (2014). Evaluation of the Adaptive Market Hypothesis As an Evolutionary Perspective on Market Efficiency: Evidence from the Tehran stock Exchange. Research in International Business and Finance, (32), 50-59.
  • Gyamfi, E. N. (2018). Adaptive Market Hypothesis: Evidence from the Ghanaian Stock Market. Journal of African Business, 19(2), 195-209.
  • Hiremath, G. S. & Kumari, J. (2014). Stock Returns Predictability and the Adaptive Market Hypothesis in Emerging Markets: Evidence from India. SpringerPlus, 3(1), 428.
  • Hiremath, G. S. & Narayan, S. (2016). Testing the Adaptive Market Hypothesis and Its Determinants for the Indian Stock Markets. Finance Research Letters, (19), 173-180.
  • Ito, M., Noda, A. & Wada, T. (2016). The Evolution of Stock Market Efficiency in the US: A Non-Bayesian Time-Varying Model Approach. Applied Economics, 48(7), 621-635.
  • Jarque, C. & Bera, A. (1980). Efficient Tests for Normality, Homoscedasticity and Serial Independence of Regression Residuals. Economics Letters, (6), 255–259.
  • Kahneman, D. & Tversky, A. (1973). On the Psychology of Prediction. Psychological Review, 80(4), 237-251.
  • Kahneman, D. & Tversky, A. (1979). Prospect Theory: An Analysis of Decision under Risk. Econometrica, (47), 263-291.
  • Karan, M. B. (2004). Yatırım Analizi ve Portföy Yönetimi. Gazi Kitabevi, Ankara.
  • Kılıç, Y. (2020). Adaptive Market Hypothesis. Evidence from the Turkey Stock Market. Journal of Applied Economic and Business Research, 10(1), 28-39.
  • Kim, J. H., Shamsuddin, A. & Lim, K. P. (2011). Stock Return Predictability and the Adaptive Markets Hypothesis: Evidence from Centry-Long U.S. Data. Journal of Empirical Finance, (18), 868-879.
  • Korkmaz, T. & Ceylan, A. (2017). Sermaye Piyasası ve Menkul Değer Analizi. 8. Baskı, Ekin Yayınevi, Bursa.
  • Köse İçigen, F. & Kayalı, M. M. (2022). Adaptif Piyasa Hipotezi Kapsamında Getiri Öngörülebilirliği ile Piyasa Koşulları Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi: BİST 100 Endeksi Örneği. Journal of Financial Politic & Economic Reviews/Finans Politik & Ekonomik Yorumlar, 59(659), 135-160.
  • Lim, K. P. & Brooks, R. D. (2006). The Evolving and Relative Efficiencies of Stock Markets: Empirical Evidence from Rolling Bicorrelation Tests Statistics. SSRDNWorking Paper, WP No: 931071.
  • Lim, K. P., Luo, W. & Kim, J. H. (2013). Are US Tock Index Returns Predictable? Evidence from Automatic Autocorrelation-Based Tests. Applied Economics, (45), 953-962.
  • Ljung, G. M. & Box, G. E. P. (1978). On a Measure of Lack of Fit in Time Series Models. Biometrika, 65(2), 297–303.
  • Lo, A. W. & MacKinlay, A. C. (1988). Stock Market Prices Do Not Follow Random Walks: Evidence From a Simple Specification Test. The Review of Financial Studies, 1(1), 41-66.
  • Lo, A. W. (2004). The Adaptive Market Hypothesis. The Journal of Portfolio Management, 30(5), 15-29.
  • Lo, A. W. (2005). Reconciling Efficient Market with Behavioral Finance: The Adaptive Markets Hypothesis. Journal of Investment Consulting, 7(2), 21-44.
  • Lo, A. W. (2007). Efficient Market Hypothesis. L. Blume & S. Durlauf (Der.), (The New Palgrave: A Dictionary of Economics, 1-28), (2nd Edition), New York: Palgrave McMillan.
  • Lo, A. W. (2012). Adaptive Markets and the New World Order. Financial Analysts Journal, 68(2), 18-29.
  • Mandacı, P. E., Taşkın, F. D. & Ergün, Z. C. (2019). Adaptive Matket Hypothesis. International Journal of Economics and Business Administration, 7(4), 84-101.
  • Noda, A. (2016). A Test of the Adaptive Market Hypothesis Using a Time-Varying AR Model in Japan. Finance Research Letters, (17), 66-71.
  • Nur Topaloğlu, T. (2019). Yatırımcı İlgisi ile Pay Senedi Getirisi, İşlem Hacmi ve Volatilitesi Arasındaki İlişki: Borsa İstanbul’da İşlem Gören Bankalar Üzerine Bir Uygulama. Mersin Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Mersin.
  • Okorie, D. I. & Lin, B. (2021). Adaptive Market Hypothesis: The Story of the Stock Markets and Covid-19 Pandemic. North American Journal of Economics and Finance, (57), 101397.
  • Özkan, O. (2021). Döviz Piyasalarının Davranışlarını Açıklamada Etkin Piyasalar Hipotezi ile Adaptif Piyasalar Hipotezinin Karşılaştırılması: BRICS-T Ülkeleri Üzerine Ampirik Bir Çalışma. Muhasebe ve Finansman Dergisi, (89), 221-236.
  • Phan Tran Trung, D. & Pham Quang, H. (2019). The Adaptive Market Hypothesis: Evidence from the Vietnamese Stock Market. Journal of Risk and Financial Management, 12 (2), 81.
  • Phillips, P. C. & Perron, P. (1988). Testing for a Unit Root in Time Series Regression. Biometrika, 75(2), 335-346.
  • Popović, S., Mugoša, A. & Đurović, A. (2013). Adaptive Markets Hypothesis: Empirical Evidence from Montenegro Equity Market. Ekonomska Istražıvanja-Economic Reserach, 26(3), 31-46.
  • Rojas, O., Coronado, S. & Venegas-Martínez, F. (2017). Adaptive Market Hypothesis: Evidence from the Mexican Stock Exchange Index. Journal of Applied Economic Sciences, 3(49), 688-697.
  • Samuelson, P. A. (1965). Proof that Properly Anticipated Prices Fluctuate Randomly. Industrial Management Review, (6), 25-38.
  • Shahid, M. N. & Sattar, A. (2017). Behavior of Calendar Anomalies, Market Conditions and Adaptive Market Hypothesis: Evidence from Pakistan Stock Exchange. Pakistan Journal of Commerce and Social Sciences, 11(2), 471-504.
  • Smith, G. (2012). The Changing and Relative Efficiency of European Emerging Stock Markets. The European Journal of Finance, 18(8), 686-708.
  • Todea, A., Ulici, M. & Silaghi, S. (2009). Adaptive Markets Hypothesis: Evidence from Asia-Pacific Financial Markets. The Review of Finance and Banking, 1(1), 7-12.
  • Topaloğlu, E. E. & Yaman, S. (2021). Adaptif Piyasa Hipotezinin Test Edilmesi: Borsa İstanbul Üzerine Yapısal Kırılmalı Birim Kök Testleri ve ARMA Modelinde Zaman- Frekans Analizleri. Istanbul International Modern Scientific Research Congress- II, 1123- 1149.
  • Topaloğlu, E. E. (2019). Pay Piyasalarında Yatırımcı Duyarlılığı: OECD Ülkeleri Üzerine Ekonometrik bir Araştırma. Gazi Kitabevi, Ankara.
  • Urquhart, A. & Hudson, R. (2013). Efficient or Adaptive Markets? Evidence from Major Stock Markets Using Very Long Run Historic Data. International Review of Financial Analysis, (28), 130-142.
  • Urquhart, A. & McGroarty, F. (2014). Calendar Effects, Market Conditions and the Adaptive Market Hypothesis: Evidence from Long-Run U.S. Data. International Review of Financial Analysis, (35), 154-166.
  • Urquhart, A. & McGroarty, F. (2016). Are Stock Markets Really Efficient? Evidence of the Adaptive Market Hypothesis. International Review of Financial Analysis, (47), 39-49.
  • Verheyden, T., Moor, L. D. & Boosche, F. V. D. (2015). Towards a New Framework on Efficient Markets. Research in International Business and Finance, (34), 294-308.
  • https://www.investing.com/indices/world-indices (Erişim Tarihi: 25/02/2024)
  • Xiong, X., Yongqiang, M., Xiao, L. & Dehua, S. (2019). An Empirical Analysis of the Adaptive Market Hypothesis with Calendar Effects: Evidence from China. Finance Research Letters, (31), 321-333.
  • Zivot, E. & Andrews, D. W. K. (1992). Further Evidence on the Great Crash, the Oil-Price Shock, and the Unit-Root Hypothesis. Journal of Business and Economic Statistics, 10(3), 251−270.
There are 54 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Time-Series Analysis, Finance, Financial Markets and Institutions
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Büşra Görgel 0000-0002-4478-0606

İlhan Ege 0000-0002-5765-1926

Early Pub Date September 20, 2024
Publication Date
Submission Date March 8, 2024
Acceptance Date July 26, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 8 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Görgel, B., & Ege, İ. (2024). E7 Ülkeleri Pay Piyasaları Üzerine Etkin Piyasa Hipotezi ile Adaptif Piyasa Hipotezinin Araştırılması. Fiscaoeconomia, 8(3), 1392-1423.

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