fujece Firat University Journal of Experimental and Computational Engineering 2822-2881 Fırat University 10.5505/fujece.2023.79553 Civil Engineering İnşaat Mühendisliği Magnezyum lignosülfonat modifiyeli bitümün akış özelliklerinin ve aktivasyon enerjisinin araştırılması Investigation of flow properties and activation energy of magnesium lignosulfonate modified bitumen https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4872-154X Özdemir Ahmet Münir BURSA TEKNİK ÜNİVERSİTESİ https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3480-1776 Yılmaz Bahadır BURSA TEKNİK ÜNİVERSİTESİ 02 13 2023 2 1 38 45 11 10 2022 12 23 2022 Copyright © 2022, Firat University Journal of Experimental and Computational Engineering 2022 Firat University Journal of Experimental and Computational Engineering

çevresel ve ekonomik faydalar elde edilmekte, atık malzemeler için bir kullanım alanı oluşturulmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, odundankağıt üretimi sırasında açığa çıkan ve organik bir atık madde olan magnezyum lignosülfonat B50/70 bitüme ilave edilmiştir.Magnezyum lignosülfonat (MLS) ilave edilmiş bağlayıcılar üzerinde penetrasyon, yumuşama noktası, dönel ince film halindeyaşlandırma (RTFOT) ve dönel viskozimetre (RV) deneyleri uygulanmıştır. Yapılan deneyler sonucunda MLS ilavesininbitümün kıvamını, yumuşama noktasını ve kısa süreli yaşlanma direncini arttırdığı, sıcaklık hassasiyetini düşürdüğü tespitedilmiştir. Ayrıca Arrhenius denklemi kullanılarak aktivasyon enerjisi değerleri belirlenmiş, akış özellikleri değerlendirilmiştir.

Recently, many studies have been carried out on the use of waste materials in bitumen modification. In this way, environmentaland economic benefits are obtained and a field of use is created for waste materials. In this study, magnesium lignosulfonate(MLS), which is an organic waste material released during paper production from wood, was added to B50/70 bitumen.Penetration, softening point, rolling thin film oven test (RTFOT) and rotational viscometer (RV) tests were performed onmodified binders. As a result of the experiments, it was determined that MLS increased the consistency, softening point andshort-term aging resistance of the asphalt and decreased the temperature sensitivity. In addition, the activation energy valueswere determined using the Arrhenius equation and the flow properties were evaluated.

 Bitumen Recycling Organic additive Lignin Magnesium lignosulfonate Bitüm Geri dönüşüm Organik katkı Magnezyum lignosülfonat Bitüm Geri dönüşüm Organik katkı Magnezyum lignosülfonat [1] Hunter R, Self A, Read J. The Shell Bitumen Handbook, 6th edition. 2015. [2] Yalçın E. "Investigation of physical, chemical and rheological properties of bituminous binders modified with different rejuvenators". Journal of the Faculty of Engineering and Architecture of Gazi University, 37(1),497–510, 2021. [3] Vural Kök B, Aydoğmuş E, Yilmaz M, Akpolat M. "Investigation on the properties of new palm-oil-based polyurethane modified bitumen". Construction and Building Materials, 289,123152, 2021. [4] Kök BV, Yilmaz M, Akpolat M. "Performance evaluation of crumb rubber and paraffin modified stone mastic asphalt". Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering, 43(5),402–410, 2016. [5] Yilmaz M, Kök BV, Kulolu N. "Effects of using asphaltite as filler on mechanical properties of hot mix asphalt". Construction and Building Materials, 25(11),4279–4286, 2011. [6] Oruç Ş, Yılmaz B. "Improvement in performance properties of asphalt using a novel boron-containing additive". Construction and Building Materials, 123,207–213, 2016. [7] Fini EH, Hajikarimi P, Rahi M, Moghadas Nejad F. "Physiochemical, Rheological, and Oxidative Aging Characteristics of Asphalt Binder in the Presence of Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles". Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 28(2),04015133, 2016. [8] Rahbar-Rastegar R, Daniel JS, Dave E V. "Evaluation of Viscoelastic and Fracture Properties of Asphalt Mixtures with Long-Term Laboratory Conditioning". Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 2672(28),503–513, 2018. [9] Zaniewski J, Pumphrey M. "Evaluation of Performance Graded Asphalt Binder Equipment and Testing Protocol". 2004. [10] Notani MA, Arabzadeh A, Satvati S, Tarighati Tabesh M, Ghafari Hashjin N, Estakhri S, et al. "Investigating the high-temperature performance and activation energy of carbon black-modified asphalt binder". SN Applied Sciences, 2(2),303, 2020. [11] Yilmaz B, Özdemir AM, Gürbüz HE. "Assessment of Thermal Properties of Nanoclay-Modified Bitumen". Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering, 2022. [12] Zhang F, Hu C. "The research for SBS and SBR compound modified asphalts with polyphosphoric acid and sulfur". Construction and Building Materials, 43,461–468, 2013. [13] Ameri M, Mohammadi R, Mousavinezhad M, Ameri A, Shaker H, Fasihpour A. "Evaluating Properties of Asphalt Mixtures Containing polymers of Styrene Butadiene Rubber (SBR) and recycled Polyethylene Terephthalate (rPET) against Failures Caused by Rutting, Moisture and Fatigue". Frattura ed Integrità Strutturale, 14(53),177–186, 2020. [14] Mahmoud Ameri, Reza Mohammadi, Milad Mousavinezhad, Amirhossein Ameri, Hamid Shaker, Arash Fasihpour. "Evaluating Properties of Asphalt Mixtures Containing polymers of Styrene Butadiene Rubber (SBR) and recycled Polyethylene Terephthalate (rPET) against Failures Caused by Rutting, Moisture and Fatigue". Frattura ed Integrità Strutturale, 14(53),177–186, 2020. [15] Ameri M, Mansourian A, Sheikhmotevali AH. "Laboratory evaluation of ethylene vinyl acetate modified bitumens and mixtures based upon performance related parameters". Construction and Building Materials, 40,438–447, 2013. [16] Chegenizadeh A, Tokoni L, Nikraz H, Dadras E. "Effect of ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) on stone mastic asphalt (SMA) behaviour". Construction and Building Materials, 272,121628, 2021. [17] Siddig EAA, Feng CP, Ming LY. "Effects of ethylene vinyl acetate and nanoclay additions on high-temperature performance of asphalt binders". Construction and Building Materials, 169,276–282, 2018. [18] Ameli A, Maher J, Mosavi A, Nabipour N, Babagoli R, Norouzi N. "Performance evaluation of binders and Stone Matrix Asphalt (SMA) mixtures modified by Ground Tire Rubber (GTR), waste Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) and Anti Stripping Agents (ASAs)". Construction and Building Materials, 251,118932, 2020. [19] Xue Y, Hou H, Zhu S, Zha J. "Utilization of municipal solid waste incineration ash in stone mastic asphalt mixture: Pavement performance and environmental impact". Construction and Building Materials, 23(2),989–996, 2009. [20] Alsheyab MAT, Khedaywi TS. "Effect of electric arc furnace dust (EAFD) on properties of asphalt cement mixture". Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 70,38–43, 2013. [21] Behnood A, Modiri Gharehveran M. "Morphology, rheology, and physical properties of polymer-modified asphalt binders". European Polymer Journal, 112,766–791, 2019. [22] Sengoz B, Topal A. "Use of asphalt roofing shingle waste in HMA". Construction and Building Materials, 19(5),337–346, 2005. [23] Li J, Chen Z, Xiao F, Amirkhanian SN. "Surface activation of scrap tire crumb rubber to improve compatibility of rubberized asphalt". Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 169,105518, 2021. [24] Ma J, Hu M, Sun D, Lu T, Sun G, Ling S, et al. "Understanding the role of waste cooking oil residue during the preparation of rubber asphalt". Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 167,105235, 2021. [25] Shafabakhsh GH, Sadeghnejad M, Sajed Y. "Case study of rutting performance of HMA modified with waste rubber powder". Case Studies in Construction Materials, 1,69–76, 2014. [26] Yan K, Chen J, You L, Tian S. "Characteristics of compound asphalt modified by waste tire rubber (WTR) and ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA): Conventional, rheological, and microstructural properties". Journal of Cleaner Production, 258,120732, 2020. [27] Bostancioğlu M, Oruç Ş. "Effect of activated carbon and furan resin on asphalt mixture performance". Road Materials and Pavement Design, 17(2),512–525, 2016. [28] Bostancioğlu M, Oruç Ş. "Effect of furfural-derived thermoset furan resin on the high-temperature performance of bitumen". Road Materials and Pavement Design, 16(1),227–237, 2015. [29] Yu R, Fang C, Liu P, Liu X, Li Y. "Storage stability and rheological properties of asphalt modified with waste packaging polyethylene and organic montmorillonite". Applied Clay Science, 104,1–7, 2015. [30] Pérez IP, Rodríguez Pasandín AM, Pais JC, Alves Pereira PA. "Use of lignin biopolymer from industrial waste as bitumen extender for asphalt mixtures". Journal of Cleaner Production, 220,87–98, 2019. [31] Liu X, Wang J, Li S, Zhuang X, Xu Y, Wang C, et al. "Preparation and properties of UV-absorbent lignin graft copolymer films from lignocellulosic butanol residue". Industrial Crops and Products, 52,633–641, 2014. [32] Xiao S, Feng J, Zhu J, Wang X, Yi C, Su S. "Preparation and characterization of lignin-layered double hydroxide/styrene-butadiene rubber composites". Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 130(2),1308–1312, 2013. [33] Salomon D, Zhai H. "Asphalt binder flow activation energy and its significance for compaction effort". Proceedings of the 3rd Eurasphalt and Eurobitume congress held Vienna, May 2004, (1),1754–1762, 2004. [34] Abed YH, Abedali Al-Haddad AH. "Temperature Susceptibility of Modified Asphalt Binders". IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 671(1) 2020. [35] Zhang L, Liu Q, Wu S, Rao Y, Sun Y, Xie J, et al. "Investigation of the flow and self-healing properties of UV aged asphalt binders". Construction and Building Materials, 174,401–409, 2018. [36] Jin D, Wang J, You L, Ge D, Liu C, Liu H, et al. "Waste cathode-ray-tube glass powder modified asphalt materials: Preparation and characterization". Journal of Cleaner Production, 314,127949, 2021. [37] Jiang X, Li P, Ding Z, Yang L, Zhao J. "Investigations on viscosity and flow behavior of polyphosphoric acid (PPA) modified asphalt at high temperatures". Construction and Building Materials, 228,116610, 2019.