Düzce İlinde Kentsel ve Yarı kentsel Örnekleme Noktalarında Atmosferik İnorganik İyonların Kaynaklarının Belirlenmesi

Year 2018, Volume: 30 Issue: 1, 259 - 268, 01.03.2018

Zehra Bozkurt

Abstract

Bu
çalışmada, Düzce ilinde atmosferik partiküllerin (PM₁₀)  yapısında bulunan suda çözünür inorganik iyonların
konsantrasyonları belirlenmiştir. Örneklemeler eş zamanlı olarak kentsel ve
yarı kentsel özellikte iki örnekleme noktasında, yaz ve kış olmak üzere iki
mevsimde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Partikül madde örneklerinde bulunan inorganik
iyonların analizleri için iyon kromotografisi cihazı kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada,
iyonların yaz ve kış konsantrasyonlarını karşılaştırmak için Mann-Whitney U
testi uygulanmıştır. Test sonuçlarına göre kentsel örnekleme alanında SO₄^2-
ve Ca²⁺ iyonları dışında, yarı kentsel örnekleme alanında ise NO₂^-,
Mg^{2 +}, NH₄⁺ iyonları dışında tüm iyonlar
istatiksel olarak anlamlı (p <0.05,% 95 güven seviyesi) mevsimsel farklar
göstermiştir. Ölçülen iyonik türlerinin
kaynaklarının açıklanabilmesi amacı ile veri setlerine Temel bileşenler analizi
(PCA) tekniği uygulanmıştır. PCA çalışması sonucunda kentsel bölgede
inorganik iyonlara ait sistem varyansının yaklaşık % 88'ini yarı kentsel
örnekleme noktasında % 80'ini açıklayabilen toplam 3 faktör belirlenmiştir. Bu
faktörler altında toplanan iyonlar incelendiğinde Düzce atmosferinde inorganik
iyon içeriğinin en önemli kaynaklarının, trafik, yanma, deniz tuzu ve toprak
olduğu belirlenmiştir.           Kirleticilerin
uzun menzilli taşınımını belirlemek için çalışmaya HYSPLIT modeli
uygulanmıştır. Böylece, hava kütlelerinin geri yörüngeleri ve kaynak bölgeleri
tespit edilmiştir.

Keywords

Düzce, Hava kirliliği, Aerosol, İnorganik iyonlar, PCA

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