Hava LiDAR Teknikleri: Lineer LiDAR ve Foton Sayma LiDAR

Year 2022, Volume: 11 Issue: 2, 286 - 298, 11.11.2022

Cihan Altuntaş

Abstract

LiDAR tekniklerindeki gelişmeler, hava platformlarından arazi topoğrafyası ölçmelerinde geleneksel lineer-mode LiDAR (LML) yöntemine alternatif olarak, Geiger-mode LiDAR (GML) ve tekli-foton LiDAR (Single-Photon LiDAR) yöntemlerini ortaya çıkarmıştır. Geleneksel LML çoklu foton kaydı ile mesafe ölçerken, GML ve SPL tek bir foton ile mesafe ölçer ve foton sayma LiDAR olarak isimlendirilirler. Bu yeni LiDAR teknikleri ile daha geniş alanlar kısa sürede ve düşük maliyetle ölçülebilmektedir. LiDAR ölçme verisi temel olarak sayısal yükseklik bilgisi içerir. Farklı LiDAR ölçme teknikleri bunlara ilave olarak yansıma değeri ve çoklu dönüş sinyallerini de kaydeder. Bu durum, açık arazi, bina ve bitki örtüsü ile kaplı alanlarda LiDAR ölçmelerinde farklılıklar oluşturur. Örneğin, çoklu dönüş sinyalleri kaydedilen LiDAR verisinden ağaç yükseklikleri belirlenebilirken, tek dönüş sinyali kaydedilen LiDAR verisinde bu mümkün değildir. Bu çalışmada LML ve foton sayma GML ve SPL teknikleri incelenmiştir. LiDAR tekniklerinin detayları verildikten sonra üstün ve zayıf özelliklerine vurgu yapılmıştır.

Keywords

Hava LiDAR, Lazer tarama, Lineer LiDAR, Geiger-mode LiDAR, Tekli foton LiDAR, Foton sayma LiDAR

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