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ABD Ulusal Güvenlik Strateji Belgelerinde Çin’in Yeri Ve Hegemonik Düzen

Year 2021, Volume: 23 Issue: 2, 200 - 219, 28.12.2021
https://doi.org/10.54627/gcd.947822

Abstract

Ulusal Güvenlik Strateji Belgeleri ABD’nin Soğuk Savaş sonrası yenidünya düzeni olarak tanımladığı ortamda kendine öngördüğü yol haritaları niteliğindedir. Reagan döneminde ilk kez yayımlanan ve belirli prensipler doğrultusunda bir sistematiğinin olması öngörülen bu Strateji Belgeleri hangi politik yaklaşım üzerinden güvenlik tedbiri alınacağını göstermektedir. Burada ABD’nin kendine tehdit olarak gördüğü unsurların çıkarımını yapmak mümkün olabilmektedir. Bu çalışmada; ABD’nin 1990’ların başında stratejik ortak olarak gördüğü ancak son on yılda stratejik rakip hatta kimi zaman düşman, kimi zaman ise istikrarsız bir risk unsuru olarak tanımladığı Çin, strateji belgelerinde kronolojik olarak ele alınmıştır. 1987’den itibaren on dokuz kez yayımlanan Ulusal Güvenlik Strateji raporları Çin’e uygulanması öngörülen politikaların dönüşümü ve nedenleri açısından incelenmiştir. Bu nedenler ise hegemonya anlayışı üzerinden araştırılmıştır. Dolayısıyla çalışma, yöntem olarak belgelerin kaynak olarak kullanıldığı, ilişkisel bir bağlantının ortaya çıkarılması hedeflenen nitel bir araştırmadır. Ana amaç Çin’in Soğuk Savaş sonrası yükselişinin strateji belgelerine güvenlik bağlamında hangi aşamalarda nasıl yansıdığını ve güç rekabetinde Strateji Belgelerinde ne yönde bir Amerikan tepkisine yol açtığını bulmaya yöneliktir. Burada hegemon konumdaki aktörün güç gerileyişi ile öncülüğünü ettiği hegemonik düzene katılım teşvikleri arasında bir bağlantının olduğu görülmektedir. Yeni hegemonik lider uzun vadeli güç rekabetinde bulunulan rakiplerden ziyade hegemonik düzene teşvik için önü açılan dost ülkelerden çıkabilmektedir.

References

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Year 2021, Volume: 23 Issue: 2, 200 - 219, 28.12.2021
https://doi.org/10.54627/gcd.947822

Abstract

References

  • Arrighi, G. (2000), Uzun Yirminci Yüzyıl: Para Güç ve Çağımızın Kökenleri, Çev., R. Boztemur, Ankara: İmge
  • Babalı, T.(2008). ABD ekonomisi ve “Mortgage” krizi nereye gidiyor?, Uluslararası Ekonomik Sorunlar Dergisi(Dışişleri Bakanlığı Yayınları), sayı: XXVIII http://www.mfa.gov.tr/abd-ekonomisi-ve-_mortgage_-krizi-nereye-gidiyor_.tr.mfa. (E.T. 01.06.2021).
  • Boot, M. (2004), Neocons, Foreign Policy, Slate Group, No. 140, (20-28).
  • Chomsky, N. (2003). Hegemony or Survival: America’s Quest for Global Dominance. London: Henry Holt and Company
  • Claus, I. ve Oxley, L. (Ed.). (2015). China’s economy: A collection of surveys. Oxford : Wiley& sons.
  • Cooley A and Nexon D (2020). Exit from Hegemony: The Unraveling of the American Global Order. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Cooley, A., & Nexon, D. H. (2020). (No) Exit from liberalism? New Perspectives, 28(3), 280–291. https://doi.org/10.1177/2336825X20934974
  • Devroy, A. (May 27,1994). Clinton gratnts China MFN, reversing campaign pledge, THE TECH Newspaper Cambridge.
  • Goldwater-Nichols Department Of Defense Reorganization Act. (1 Oct.1986). Public Law 99-433. 99th Congress, 100 STAT. 993.
  • Gönen, H. (2004). ABD-Japonya güvenlik antlaşmaları: Oluşumu, evrimi ve sonuçları. Uluslararası İlişkiler, 1(4), (115-139).
  • Haass, R. (1999). What to do with American Primacy? Foreign Affairs. No. 78: 5 37-50.
  • Harvey, D. (2007). Neoliberalism as Creative Destruction. The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 610, 22-44. Retrieved July 29, 2021, from http://www.jstor.org/stable/25097888
  • Kennedy, Paul M. (2001). Büyük güçlerin yükseliş ve çöküşleri: 16. yüzyıldan günümüze ekonomik değişim ve askeri çatışmalar. (Çev. B. Karanakçı). İstanbul: Türkiye İş Bankası Yayınları.
  • Linklater, A. ve Suganami, H. (2006). The English school of ınternational relations: A contemporary, reassessment (First Edition). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Modelski, G. (1987). Long cycles in world politics (First Edition). London: MacMillan Press.
  • Modelski, G. (2005). Küresel politikanın uzun döngüsü ve ulus-devlet, Uluslararası İlişkiler, 2(7),( 3-30).
  • Office of the US Trade Representative. (2021). https://ustr.gov/countries-regions/china-mongolia-taiwan/peoples-republic-china, (E.T. 01.06.2021).
  • R. Sullivan, L. (2016). Historical dictionary of the People’s Republic of China (third edition). Boulder, NewYork, London: Rowman & Littlefieldd.
  • The US Department of State (April 30, 1998). Speec of secretary of State Madeleine K. Albright in Beijing, China, https://1997-2001.state.gov/statements/1998/980430b.html. (E.T. 01.06.2021).
  • The USA Departmnet of State (2021). Missile Technology Control Regime (MTCR), https://www.state.gov/remarks-and-releases-bureau-of-international-security-and-nonproliferation/missile-technology-control-regime-mtcr-frequently-asked-questions/, (E.T. 01.06.2021)
  • US the Department of Defense (2018). National Defence Strategy of the United States of America.
  • US the Department of Defense N. (1996). ational Security Strategy of the United States of America.
  • US the Department of Defense. (1987). National Security Strategy of the United States of America.
  • US the Department of Defense. (1988). National Security Strategy of the United States of America.
  • US the Department of Defense. (1990). National Security Strategy of the United States of America.
  • US the Department of Defense. (1991). National Security Strategy of the United States of America.
  • US the Department of Defense. (1993). National Security Strategy of the United States of America.
  • US the Department of Defense. (1994). National Security Strategy of the United States of America.
  • US the Department of Defense. (1995). National Security Strategy of the United States of America.
  • US the Department of Defense. (1998). National Security Strategy of the United States of America.
  • US the Department of Defense. (1999). National Security Strategy of the United States of America.
  • US the Department of Defense. (2000). National Security Strategy of the United States of America. US the Department of Defense. (2002). National Security Strategy of the United States of America.
  • US the Department of Defense. (2006). National Security Strategy of the United States of America.
  • US the Department of Defense. (2010). National Security Strategy of the United States of America.
  • US the Department of Defense. (2015). National Security Strategy of the United States of America.
  • US the Department of Defense. (2017). National Security Strategy of the United States of America.
  • US the Department of Defense. (2021). Interim National Security Strategy of the United States of America.
  • US the Department of Defense1997 National Security Strategy of the United States of America.
  • Wallerstein, I. (1997). The capitalist world-economy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Wallerstein, I. (2012). Liberalizmden sonra (dördüncü baskı). Çev. Erol Öz.İstanbul.
  • WTO (2021). China initiates WTO dispute complaint against additional US tariffs on Chinese imports, https://www.wto.org/english/news_e/news18_e/ds565rfc_27aug18_e.htm, (E.T. 01.06.2021).
  • WTO (2021). United States files WTO complaint on China’s protection of intellectual property rights https://www.wto.org/english/news_e/news18_e/ds542rfc_26mar18_e.htm, (E.T. 01.06.2021).
There are 42 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects International Relations
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Elif Gürdal 0000-0001-5110-6524

Publication Date December 28, 2021
Submission Date June 4, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 23 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Gürdal, E. (2021). ABD Ulusal Güvenlik Strateji Belgelerinde Çin’in Yeri Ve Hegemonik Düzen. Güvenlik Çalışmaları Dergisi, 23(2), 200-219. https://doi.org/10.54627/gcd.947822