Evaluation of the Presentation of Newly Diagnosed Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus in Children During and After the COVID-19 Pandemic

Year 2024, Volume: 34 Issue: 2, 230 - 235, 30.04.2024

Fatma Özgüç Çömlek , Semine Özdemir Dilek

https://doi.org/10.54005/geneltip.1386625

Abstract

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has been a global health problem with high morbidity and mortality. In this study, it was aimed to compare the clinical and laboratory findings of patients diagnosed with type 1 diabetes(T1D) during the pandemic and after the pandemic.
Method: This is a 30-month, single-center, cross-sectional study. Between October 2020 and December 2021 was defined as the pandemic period, and between January 2022 and March 2023 as the post-pandemic period. The clinical and laboratory parameters of the newly diagnosed T1D patients who applied in these two time periods were compared.
Results: While 87 patients were diagnosed during the pandemic period, 86 patients were diagnosed during the post-pandemic period. The rate of male patients diagnosed during the pandemic period was significantly higher (56%, 36%, respectively, p=0.007). Anti-islet Cell antibody (ICA) positivity was statistically significantly higher in those diagnosed during the pandemic period. (52.6%, 18.6%, respectively, p<0.001). There was no difference between the groups in terms of hemoglobin A1C, thyroid autoantibodies and tissue transglutaminase antibodies (p>0.05).C peptide levels were significantly lower in those diagnosed during the pandemic period (0.39±0.4, 0.63±0.6, respectively, p=0.021). Admissions with severe acidosis were more common during the pandemic than those admitted after the pandemic (29.9%, 16.3%, respectively, p=0.151).
Conclusions: The numbers of children with T1D newly diagnosed in a secondary health center were similar during and after the pandemic. In the pandemic period, admissions with autoantibody positivity, low C-peptide and severe acidosis were more common.

Keywords

covid 19, diabetes mellitus type 1, newly diagnosed

Ethical Statement

Karar No:2023/01 (18.1.2023 tarihinde) Gaziantep Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Etik kurul biriminden onay alınmıştır.

Türkiye’nin Güneyindeki İkinci Basamak Bir Sağlık Merkezinde, COVİD-19 Salgını Sırasında ve Sonrasında Tip 1 Diyabet Tanısı Alan Çocukların Tanı Özelliklerinin Değerlendirilmesi

Abstract

Amaç: COVİD-19 salgını yüksek morbidite ve mortaliteye sahip küresel bir sağlık sorunu olmuştur. Bu çalışmada pandemi sırasında ve pandemi sonrasında tip 1 diyabet (T1D) tanısı alan hastaların klinik ve laboratuvar bulgularının karşılaştırılması amaçlandı.
Yöntem: 30 aylık, tek merkezli, kesitsel bir çalışma şeklinde dizayne edilen bu çalışmada Ekim 2020 ile Aralık 2021 arası pandemi dönemi, Ocak 2022 ile Mart 2023 arası ise pandemi sonrası dönem olarak tanımlandı. Bu iki dönemde başvuran yeni tanı alan T1DM hastalarının klinik ve laboratuvar parametreleri karşılaştırıldı.
Bulgular: Pandemi döneminde 87 hastaya tanı konulurken, pandemi sonrası dönemde 86 hastaya tanı konuldu. Pandemi döneminde tanı alan erkek hasta oranı anlamlı olarak daha yüksekti (sırasıyla %56, %36, p=0,007). Pandemi döneminde tanı konulanlarda Anti-Adacık Hücre Antikoru (ICA) pozitifliği istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede yüksekti. (sırasıyla %52,6, %18,6, p<0,001). Gruplar arasında hemoglobin A1C, tiroid otoantikorları ve doku transglutaminaz antikorları açısından fark yoktu (p>0,05). Pandemi döneminde tanı konulanlarda C peptid düzeyleri anlamlı derecede düşüktü (sırasıyla 0,39±0,4, 0,63±0,6, p) =0,021). Pandemi sırasında şiddetli asidoz nedeniyle başvurular, pandemi sonrasına göre daha sık görüldü (sırasıyla %29,9, %16,3, p=0,151).
Sonuç: İkinci basamak sağlık merkezimizde yeni tnaı koyulan T1D hastası çocukların sayısı pandemi sırasında ve sonrasında benzerdi. Pandemi döneminde otoantikor pozitifliği, C-peptid düşüklüğü ve ciddi asidoz şikayetleriyle başvurular daha sıktı.

Keywords

covid 19, diabetes mellitus type 1, yeni tanı

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