Antifungal Activity of Bee Pollen Extracts Against Selected Filamentous Fungi

Yıl 2025, Sayı: 34, 78 - 87, 22.07.2025

Neslihan Ulubayram , Aycan Yiğit Çınar

https://doi.org/10.56833/gidaveyem.1733947

Öz

Objective: Pollen is a natural bee product known for its rich bioactive content and positive effects on health. Although previous research has highlighted the antibacterial and antifungal properties of bee pollen, there is still a lack of comprehensive studies investigating its inhibitory effects on fungi, particularly molds. Our research seeks to contribute to filling this gap by assessing the antifungal potential of bee pollen against selected fungal species.
Materials and methods: In this study, the antifungal properties of bee pollen obtained by combining two multifloral samples from the Bursa region were evaluated. Ethanolic and methanolic extracts of the bee pollen at varying concentrations (1%, 5%, 7.5%, and 10%) were tested for their inhibitory effects against Alternaria alternata, Penicillium chrysogenum, Fusarium culmorum, and Aspergillus flavus.
Results and conclusion: Both pollen extracts exhibited dose-dependent antifungal activity against all tested fungal strains, with the methanol/water extract demonstrating significantly greater efficacy than the ethanol/water extract. The highest antifungal activity among all tested fungi was consistently observed at the 10% extract concentration. Among the tested strains, F. culmorum demonstrated the highest sensitivity, with a 7.5% concentration effectively inhibiting its growth. Given the promising antifungal potential, further investigation is needed to identify the primary bioactive compounds and elucidate their mechanisms of action.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Bee pollen , antifungal activity , filamentous fungi , mold

Arı Poleni Ekstraktlarının Filamentöz Mantar Türlerine Karşı Antifungal Etkisi

Öz

Amaç: Polen, zengin biyoaktif içeriği ve sağlık üzerine olumlu etkileri ile bilinen doğal bir arı ürünüdür. Polen üzerinde yürütülen bilimsel çalışmalar, onun antibakteriyel ve antifungal özelliklerini ortaya koymaktadır. Ancak, özellikle küf mantarları üzerinde arı poleninin inhibisyon etkisine dair yeterli çalışma bulunmamaktadır. Araştırmamız, arı poleninin seçilmiş mantar türlerine karşı antifungal potansiyelini değerlendirerek literatüre katkıda bulunmayı amaçlamaktadır.
Materyal ve yöntem: Bu çalışmada, Bursa bölgesinden temin edilen iki multifloral polen örneğinin birleştirilmesiyle elde edilen arı poleninin antifungal özellikleri değerlendirilmiştir. Polenin farklı konsantrasyonlarda hazırlanan etanolik ve metanolik ekstreleri (%1, %5, %7,5, %10), Alternaria alternata, Penicillium chrysogenum, Fusarium culmorum ve Aspergillus flavus olmak üzere dört filamentöz mantar türüne karşı test edilmiştir.
Tartışma ve sonuç: Her iki polen ekstresi de test edilen tüm mantar türlerine karşı doza bağlı antifungal aktivite göstermiş olup, metanol/su ekstresinin etanol/su ekstresine kıyasla belirgin şekilde daha yüksek etkinlik sergilediği gözlemlenmiştir. En yüksek antifungal aktivite, tüm mantar türlerinde %10'luk ekstre konsantrasyonunda kaydedilmiştir. Test edilen türler arasında F. culmorum, %7,5'lik konsantrasyonda dahi etkili bir inhibisyon göstererek en yüksek duyarlılığı sergilemiştir. Elde edilen umut verici sonuçlar doğrultusunda, polenin antifungal potansiyelini sağlayan biyoaktif bileşenlerin tanımlanması ve etki mekanizmalarının aydınlatılması için ileri çalışmalara ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Arı poleni , antifungal aktivite , filamentli mantarlar , küf

Kaynakça

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