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            <front>

                <journal-meta>
                                    <journal-id></journal-id>
            <journal-title-group>
                                                                                    <journal-title>Gazi Journal of Economics and Business</journal-title>
            </journal-title-group>
                                        <issn pub-type="epub">2548-0162</issn>
                                                                                            <publisher>
                    <publisher-name>Aydın KARAPINAR</publisher-name>
                </publisher>
                    </journal-meta>
                <article-meta>
                                        <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30855/gjeb.2024.10.3.003</article-id>
                                                                <article-categories>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="en">
                                                            <subject>Monetary-Banking</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="tr">
                                                            <subject>Para-Bankacılık</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                    </article-categories>
                                                                                                                                                        <title-group>
                                                                                                                        <trans-title-group xml:lang="en">
                                    <trans-title>The validity of the Post-Keynesian endogeneity of the money supply in Türkiye: Can interest rates also be endogenous? Evidence from Fractional Fourier ADL cointegration analysis</trans-title>
                                </trans-title-group>
                                                                                                                                                                                                <article-title>Post-Keynesyen para arzının içselliğinin Türkiye’de geçerliliği: Faizler de içsel olabilir mi? Fractional Fourier ADL eş bütünleşme analizi ile kanıtlar</article-title>
                                                                                                    </title-group>
            
                                                    <contrib-group content-type="authors">
                                                                        <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7326-4048</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Alpağut</surname>
                                    <given-names>Serhat</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>AĞRI İBRAHİM ÇEÇEN ÜNİVERSİTESİ</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                                                </contrib-group>
                        
                                        <pub-date pub-type="pub" iso-8601-date="20241030">
                    <day>10</day>
                    <month>30</month>
                    <year>2024</year>
                </pub-date>
                                        <volume>10</volume>
                                        <issue>3</issue>
                                        <fpage>357</fpage>
                                        <lpage>375</lpage>
                        
                        <history>
                                    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="20240226">
                        <day>02</day>
                        <month>26</month>
                        <year>2024</year>
                    </date>
                                                    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="20240805">
                        <day>08</day>
                        <month>05</month>
                        <year>2024</year>
                    </date>
                            </history>
                                        <permissions>
                    <copyright-statement>Copyright © 2015, Gazi Journal of Economics and Business</copyright-statement>
                    <copyright-year>2015</copyright-year>
                    <copyright-holder>Gazi Journal of Economics and Business</copyright-holder>
                </permissions>
            
                                                                                                <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
                            <p>Post-Keynesian economics, unlike orthodox economics, defends the endogeneity of the money supply. The transfer mechanism that ensures this endogeneity is credit. However, the Post-Keynesian view is divided into two: the structuralist view arguing that the interest rates are internal, and the accommodationist view, which argues that interest rates are external, without discussing the internality of the money supply. This study examines the internality/externality of the money supply for Türkiye and the externality of interest rates. The study examines data for the period 2013:Q2-2023:Q3. Fourier models are models that allow for soft breaks. This study contributes to the literature with its econometric approach. The Fractional Fourier ADL cointegration test and the Fourier Toda-Yamamoto causality test were applied in the study. The results of the study indicate that the most important factor affecting money supply in Türkiye is inflation. Since there is both a causality and a cointegration relationship between loans and money supply, it was concluded that the endogeneity of the money supply hypothesis advocated by the Post-Keynesian view is valid for Türkiye. In addition, interest rates were found to be exogenous for Türkiye. These results can be interpreted to mean that the accommodationist view of the Post-Keynesian approach is valid for Türkiye.</p></trans-abstract>
                                                                                                                                    <abstract><p>Post-Keynesyen iktisat görüşü Ortodoks iktisat görüşünün aksine para arzının içselliğini savunmaktadır. Bu içselliği sağlayan aktarım mekanizması ise kredilerdir. Fakat Post-Keynesyen görüş para arzının içselliğinde bir tartışma olmaksızın kendi içinde faizlerin içsel olduğunu savunan yapısalcı görüş ve faizlerin dışsal olduğunu savunan uyumcu görüş olarak ikiye ayrılmıştır. Bu çalışma Türkiye için para arzının içselliğini/dışsallığını araştırmakla birlikte faizlerinde dışsallığını da araştırmaktadır. Çalışma 2013:Q2-2023:Q3 dönemi verileriyle inceleme gerçekleştirmektedir. Fourier modeller yumuşak kırılmalara izin veren modellerdir. Bu çalışma ekonometrik yaklaşımı ile literatüre katkı sağlamaktadır. Çalışmada Fractional Fourier ADL eş bütünleşme testi ve Fourier Toda-Yamamoto nedensellik testi uygulanmıştır. Çalışmanın bulguları Türkiye’de para arzını etkileyen en önemli faktörün enflasyon olduğunu yönündedir. Krediler ve para arzı arasında hem nedensellik ilişkisi bulunması hem de eş bütünleşme ilişkisi olması Post-Keynesyen görüşün savunduğu para arzının içselliği hipotezinin Türkiye için geçerli olduğu göstermektedir. İlaveten faizlerin ise Türkiye için dışsal olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bu sonuçlar Post-Keynesyen yaklaşımdan uyumcu görüşün Türkiye’de geçerli olduğu şeklinde yorumlanabilir.</p></abstract>
                                                            
            
                                                                                        <kwd-group>
                                                    <kwd>Para-Bankacılık</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Krediler</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Para arzı</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Post-Keynesyen</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Fractional Fourier ADL</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                            
                                                <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
                                                    <kwd>Money-Banking</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Credit</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Money Supply</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Post-Keynesian</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Fractional Fourier ADL</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                                                                                                    <funding-group specific-use="FundRef">
                    <award-group>
                                                    <funding-source>
                                <named-content content-type="funder_name">Bu çalışma için herhangi bir kurumdan destek alınmamıştır</named-content>
                            </funding-source>
                                                                    </award-group>
                </funding-group>
                                </article-meta>
    </front>
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