The Birth And Development of Englısh Novel

Year 2009, Volume: 4 Issue: 2, 94 - 119, 01.06.2009

Ali Güneş

Abstract

Literary historians generally argue that English novel as a new lıterary genre began and developed in the eighteenth century. When some literary works of previous centuries are properly investigated, however, it is possible to see that they may have some characteristics of a novel. Hence it will be useful to enlarge the studies conducted on the novel before the eighteenth century and explore the contribution of those works with their characteristics of a novel to the birth and development of the novel later in the eighteenth century. This study is not an orijinal study but aims to give information to Turkish readers about the developmental process of English novel. The study will examine the issue in three steps. First, it will explain the reasons behind the slow development of the novel before the eighteenth century. Secondly, the study will focus on the view that although majority of literary works are written in the verse form, there are also works written before the eighteenth century, having the characteristics of a novel. Thus, this study will show that the novel as a new genre might have started in the Middle Ages and Renaissance period and then reached its peak in the eighteenth century. Finally, the paper will look at the reasons that enabled English novel to mature in the eighteenth century

Keywords

Literature, Poetry, Printing Pres, Novella

İngiliz Romanının Doğuşu ve Gelişimi

Abstract

Edebiyat tarihçileri, İngiliz romanının genel olarak 18.yüzyılda doğup geliştiğini ileri sürmektedirler. Ancak, 18.yüzyıldan öncesi İngiliz edebiyatı ve eserler incelendiğinde, romansal özellikler taşıyan bir çok eserin olduğunu görmekte mümkündür. Bu nedenle, İngiliz romanının doğuşu ve gelişimi ile ilgili yapılan çalışmalara biraz daha geniş bir açıdan bakarak, 18.yüzyıl öncesi yazılan bir çok eserin romansal özellikleri ile beraber ele alınarak romanın gelişmesine ve olgunlaşmasına sağladığı katkıyı irdelemek faydalı olacaktır. Bu çalışma, 18.yüzyıl öncesi İngiliz edebiyatında yazılan ve romansal özellikler taşıyan eserleri inceleyerek, İngiliz romanının gelişim ve olgunlaşma sürecini Türk okuyucularına sunmayı amaçlamaktadır. Çalışma, konuyu üç aşamalı bir şekilde ele alacaktır. İlk önce, İngiliz romanın bir edebiyat türü olarak yavaş gelişmesinin nedenleri açıklanmaya çalışılacakatır. İkinci olarak, 18.yüzyıl öncesi yazılan bazı eserlerin vezin (şiir) şeklinde yazılmış olmasına rağmen bir çok romansal özellikler taşıdığını, bu eserlerin 18.yüzyılda İngiliz romanının gelişmesine büyük bir tecrübe, birikim ve altyapı sağladığı görüşü açıklanacaktır. Son olarak da 18.yüzyılda İngiliz romanın yeni bir edebiyat türü olarak gelişmesi, olgunlaşması ve 18 yüzyıl öncesi yazılan eserlerden farkları tartışılacaktır

Keywords

Edebiyat, Şiir, Matbaa, Roman

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